A brief online transdiagnostic measure: Psychometric properties of the Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale (OASIS) among Spanish patients with emotional disorders

Alberto González-Robles, Adriana Mira, Clara Miguel, Guadalupe Molinari, Amanda Díaz-García, Azucena García-Palacios, Juana M Bretón-López, Soledad Quero, Rosa M Baños, Cristina Botella, Alberto González-Robles, Adriana Mira, Clara Miguel, Guadalupe Molinari, Amanda Díaz-García, Azucena García-Palacios, Juana M Bretón-López, Soledad Quero, Rosa M Baños, Cristina Botella

Abstract

The Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale (OASIS) is a self-report questionnaire designed to evaluate the severity and functional impairment associated with anxiety. Given its transdiagnostic nature, it can be used indistinctly across anxiety and depressive disorders. In this study, the psychometric properties of the online version of the OASIS were evaluated in a Spanish clinical sample with emotional disorders. Patients (n = 583) with anxiety (n = 250) and depression (n = 333) with a mean age of 37.21 (SD = 12.22), underwent a diagnostic interview and questionnaires assessing anxiety, depression, positive and negative affect, and quality of life. Factorial structure, internal consistency, convergent and discriminant validity, cutoff scores, and sensitivity to change were analyzed. Confirmatory Factor Analysis yielded a unidimensional factor structure, consistent with previous validations of the instrument. The analyses showed good internal consistency and adequate convergent and discriminant validity, as well as sensitivity to change. A cutoff score of 7.5 was found to meet the criteria used in this study to select the optimal cutoff point. Overall, in this study, the psychometric properties of the online version of the OASIS were found to be appropriate. The brevity and ease of use of the OASIS support its adequacy as a valid measure of anxiety severity and impairment in Spanish clinical samples with anxiety and depression.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) model.
Fig 1. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) model.
Rectangles are measured variables, the large circle is the latent construct, and small circles are residual variances. Factor loadings are standardized. All values are significant at p < .05. The solution specified correlated error variance between items 1 and 2.

References

    1. Kessler RC, Berglund P, Demler O, Jin R, Merikangas KR, Walters EE. Lifetime Prevalence and Age-of-Onset Distributions of DSM-IV Disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2005;62(6): 593–602. 10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.593
    1. Brown T, Barlow D. A proposal for a dimensional classification system based on the shared features of the DSM-IV anxiety and mood disorders: Implications for assessment. Psychol Assess. 2009;21(3): 256–71. 10.1037/a0016608
    1. Parés-Badell O, Barbaglia G, Jerinic P, Gustavsson A, Salvador-Carulla L, Alonso J. Cost of Disorders of the Brain in Spain. Foffani G, editor. PLoS One. 2014;9(8): e105471 10.1371/journal.pone.0105471
    1. Wittchen HU, Jacobi F, Rehm J, Gustavsson A, Svensson M, Jönsson B, et al. The size and burden of mental disorders and other disorders of the brain in Europe 2010. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2011;21(9):655–79. 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2011.07.018
    1. Kazdin AE, Blase SL. Rebooting Psychotherapy Research and Practice to Reduce the Burden of Mental Illness. Perspect Psychol Sci. 2011;6(1):21–37. 10.1177/1745691610393527
    1. McLean CP, Asnaani A, Litz BT, Hofmann SG. Gender differences in anxiety disorders: prevalence, course of illness, comorbidity and burden of illness. J Psychiatr Res. 2011;45(8): 1027–35. 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2011.03.006
    1. Brown TA, Campbell LA, Lehman CL, Grisham JR, Mancill RB. Current and lifetime comorbidity of the DSM-IV anxiety and mood disorders in a large clinical sample. J Abnorm Psychol. 2001;110(4): 585–99.
    1. Kessler RC, Chiu WT, Demler O, Merikangas KR, Walters EE. Prevalence, severity, and comorbidity of 12-month DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2005;62(6): 617–27. 10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.617
    1. Haro J, Palacín C, Vilagut G, Bernal M, Luque I, Codony M, et al. Prevalencia de los trastornos mentales y factores asociados: resultados del estudio ESEMeD-España. Med Clin. 2006;126(12): 445–51.
    1. Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JBW, Monahan PO, Löwe B. Anxiety Disorders in Primary Care: Prevalence, Impairment, Comorbidity, and Detection. Ann Intern Med. 2007;146(5): 317–25.
    1. Olatunji BO, Cisler JM, Tolin DF. Quality of life in the anxiety disorders: A meta-analytic review. Clin Psychol Rev. 2007;27(5): 572–81. 10.1016/j.cpr.2007.01.015
    1. Hunsley J, Mash EJ. Developing Criteria for Evidence-Based Assessment In: Hunsley J, Mash EJ. Oxford series in clinical psychology. A guide to assessments that work. New York: Oxford University Press; 2008. pp. 3–14.
    1. Nathan PE, Gorman JM. A Guide to Treatments That Work New York: Oxford University Press; 1998.
    1. Alfonsson S, Pernilla M, Timo H. Interformat reliability of digital psychiatric self-report questionnaires: a systematic review." J Med Internet Res. 2014;16(12): e268 10.2196/jmir.3395
    1. Andersson G. Internet-delivered psychological treatments. Annu Rev Clin Psycho. 2016;12: 157–79.
    1. Van Ballegooijen W, Riper H, Cuijpers P, van Oppen P, Smit JH. Validation of online psychometric instruments for common mental health disorders: a systematic review. BMC Psychiatry; 2016;16: 45 10.1186/s12888-016-0735-7
    1. Beck AT, Steer RA. Manual for the Beck Anxiety Inventory San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation; 1993.
    1. Spielberger CD. Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press; 1983.
    1. Guillén-Riquelme A, Buela-Casal G. Actualización psicométrica y funcionamiento diferencial de los items en el State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Psychometric revision and differential item functioning in the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Psicothema. 2011;23(3): 510–15.
    1. Magán I, Sanz J, García-Vera MP. Psychometric properties of a Spanish version of the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) in general population. Span J Psychol. 2008; 11(2): 626–40.
    1. Spielberger CD, Gorsuch RL, Lushene R. Manual del Cuestionario de Ansiedad Estado/Rasgo (STAI) Madrid: TEA Ediciones; 1982.
    1. Meyer TJ, Miller ML, Metzger RL, Borkovec TD. Development and validation of the penn state worry questionnaire. Behav Res Ther. 1990;28(6): 487–95.
    1. Houck PR, Spiegel DA, Shear MK, Rucci P. Reliability of the self-report version of the panic disorder severity scale. Depress Anxiety. 2002;15(4): 183–5. 10.1002/da.10049
    1. Mattick RP, Clarke JC. Development and validation of measures of social phobia scrutiny fear and social interaction anxiety. Behav Res Ther. 1998;36(4): 455–70.
    1. Campbell-Sills L, Norman SB, Craske MG, Sullivan G, Lang AJ, Chavira DA, et al. Validation of a brief measure of anxiety-related severity and impairment: the Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale (OASIS). J Affect Disord. 2009;112(1–3): 92–101. 10.1016/j.jad.2008.03.014
    1. Norman SB, Hami Cissell S, Means-Christensen AJ, Stein MB. Development and validation of an Overall Anxiety Severity And Impairment Scale (OASIS). Depress Anxiety. 2006;23(4): 245–9. 10.1002/da.20182
    1. Norman SB, Campbell-Sills L, Hitchcock CA, Sullivan S, Rochlin A, Wilkins KC, et al. Psychometrics of a brief measure of anxiety to detect severity and impairment: the Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale (OASIS). J Psychiatr Res. 2011;45(2): 262–8. 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.06.011
    1. Ziegler M, Kemper CJ, Kruyen P. Short Scales–Five Misunderstandings and Ways to Overcome Them. J Individ Differ. 2014;35(4): 185–9.
    1. Haynes SN, Richard D, Kubany ES. Content validity in psychological assessment: a functional approach to concepts and methods. Psychol Assess. 1995;7(3): 238–47.
    1. Barlow DH, Allen LB, Choate ML. Toward a unified treatment for emotional disorders. Behav Ther. 2004;35(2): 205–30.
    1. Bragdon LB, Diefenbach GJ, Hannan S, Tolin DF. Psychometric properties of the Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale (OASIS) among psychiatric outpatients. J Affect Disord. 2016;201: 112–5. 10.1016/j.jad.2016.05.005
    1. Ito M, Oe Y, Kato N, Nakajima S, Fujisato H, Miyamae M, et al. Validity and clinical interpretability of Overall Anxiety Severity And Impairment Scale (OASIS). J Affect Disord. 2015;170: 217–24. 10.1016/j.jad.2014.08.045
    1. Moore SA, Welch SS, Michonski J, Poquiz J, Osborne TL, Sayrs J, et al. Psychometric evaluation of the Overall Anxiety Severity And Impairment Scale (OASIS) in individuals seeking outpatient specialty treatment for anxiety-related disorders. J Affect Disord. 2015;175: 463–70. 10.1016/j.jad.2015.01.041
    1. Sheehan D-V, Lecrubier Y, Sheehan KH, Amorim P, Janavs J, Weiller E, et al. The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. J Clin Psychiatry. 1998; 59 Suppl 20: 22–33.
    1. Ferrando L, Franco-Alfonso L, Soto M, Bobes J, Soto O, Franco L, et al. M.I.N.I. Mini International Neuropsychiatric interview Spanish version 5.0.0. DSM-IV. Madrid: Instituto IAP; 1998.
    1. Beck AT, Steer RA, Brown GK. Beck Depression Inventory San Antonio: The Psychological Corporation; 1996.
    1. Sanz J, García-Vera MP, Espinosa R, Fortún M, Vázquez C. Adaptación española del Inventario para la Depresión de Beck-II (BDI-II): 3. Propiedades psicométricas en pacientes con trastornos psicológicos. Clínica y Salud. 2005;16(2): 121–42.
    1. Storch EA, Roberti JW, Roth DA. Factor structure, concurrent validity, and internal consistency of the beck depression inventory?–second edition in a sample of college students. Depress Anxiety. 2004;19(3): 187–9. 10.1002/da.20002
    1. Bentley KH, Gallagher MW, Carl JR, Barlow DH. Development and validation of the Overall Depression Severity and Impairment Scale. Psychol Assess. 2014;26(3): 815–30. 10.1037/a0036216
    1. Watson D, Clark LA, Tellegen A. Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: the PANAS scales. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1988;54(6): 1063–70.
    1. Crawford JR, Henry JD. The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS): Construct validity, measurement properties and normative data in a large non-clinical sample. Br J Clin Psychol. 2004;43(3): 245–65.
    1. Sandín B, Chorot P, Lostao L, Joiner TE, Santed MA, Valiente RM. Escalas PANAS de afecto positivo y negativo: Validacion factorial y convergencia transcultural. Psicothema. 1999;11(1): 37–51.
    1. Mezzich JE, Cohen NL, Ruiperez MA, Banzato CEM, Zapata-Vega MI. The Multicultural Quality of Life Index: presentation and validation. J Eval Clin Pract. 2011;17(2): 357–64. 10.1111/j.1365-2753.2010.01609.x
    1. Mezzich JE, Ruipérez MA, Pérez C, Yoon G, Liu J, Mahmud S. The Spanish version of the quality of life index: presentation and validation. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2000;188(5): 301–5.
    1. DeVellis RF. Classical Test Theory. Med Care. 2006;44(Suppl 3): S50–9.
    1. Marsh HW, Hau KT, Wen Z. In Search of Golden Rule: Comment on Hypothesis Testing Approaches to Setting Cutoff Value for Fit Indexes and Danger in Overgeneralizing Hu and Bentler’s (1999) Findings. Struct Equ Modeling. 2004; 11(3): 320–41.
    1. McNeish D, An J, Hancock GR. The thorny relation between measurement quality and fit index cutoffs in latent variable models. J Pers Assess. 2018;100(1): 43–52. 10.1080/00223891.2017.1281286
    1. Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences 2nd ed Hillsdale: Erlbaum; 1988.
    1. Beck AT, Epstein N, Brown G, Steer RA. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety. J Consult Clin Psych. 1988;56(6): 893–97.
    1. Argimon JM, Jiménez J. Métodos de investigación clínica epidemiológica (4th ed). Barcelona: Elsevier España; 2013.
    1. Unal I. Defining an optimal cut-point value in ROC analysis: An alternative approach. Comput Math Methods Med. 2017. 10.1155/2017/3762651
    1. Mira A, Bretón-López J, García-Palacios A, Quero S, Baños RM, Botella C. An internet-based program for depressive symptoms using human and automated support: A randomized controlled trial. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2017;13: 987–1006. 10.2147/NDT.S130994
    1. Gonzalez-Robles A, Garcia-Palacios A, Banos R, Riera A, Llorca G, Traver F, et al. Effectiveness of a transdiagnostic internet-based protocol for the treatment of emotional disorders versus treatment as usual in specialized care: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2015;16: 488 10.1186/s13063-015-1024-3
    1. Díaz-García A, González-Robles A, Fernández-Álvarez J, García-Palacios A, Baños RM, Botella C. Efficacy of a Transdiagnostic internet-based treatment for emotional disorders with a specific component to address positive affect: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry. BMC Psychiatry; 2017;17(1): 145 10.1186/s12888-017-1297-z
    1. Barlow DH, Ellard KK, Fairholme CP, Farchione TJ, Boisseau CL, Allen LB, Ehrenreich-May J. The unified protocol for transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders: Client workbook New York: Oxford University Press; 2011.
    1. Lejuez CW, Hopko DR, Hopko SD. A brief behavioral activation treatment for depression: Treatment manual. Behav Modif. 2001; 25, 225–86.
    1. Seligman ME, Steen TA, Park N, Peterson C. Positive psychology progress: Empirical validation of interventions. Am Psychol. 2005; 60: 410–21. 10.1037/0003-066X.60.5.410
    1. Sin NL, Lyubomirsky S. Enhancing well-being and alleviating depressive symptoms with positive psychology interventions: A practice-friendly metaanalysis. J Clin Psychol. 2009;65: 467–87. 10.1002/jclp.20593
    1. Barlow DH, Farchione TJ, Fairholme CP, Ellard KK, Boisseau CL, Allen LB, Ehrenreich-May J. The unified protocol for transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders: therapist guide New York: Oxford University Press; 2011.
    1. Linehan MM. Skills training manual for treating borderline personality disorder Diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders. New York: Guilford Press; 1993.
    1. Morris SB, DeShon RP. Combining effect size estimates in meta-analysis with repeated measures and independent-groups designs. Psychol Methods. 2002;7(1): 105–25.
    1. Rubio-Aparicio M, Marín-Martínez F, Sánchez-Meca J, López-López JA. A methodological review of meta-analyses of the effectiveness of clinical psychology treatments. Behav Res Methods. 2017: 1–17. 10.3758/s13428-015-0685-x
    1. Kessler RC, Chiu WT, Demler O, Merikangas KR, Walters EE. Prevalence, severity, and comorbidity of 12-month DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2005;62(6): 617–27. 10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.617
    1. Hermans M, Korrelboom K, Visser S. A Dutch version of the Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale (OASIS): Psychometric properties and validation. J Affect Disord. 2015;172: 127–32. 10.1016/j.jad.2014.09.033
    1. Julian LJ. Measures of anxiety: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale Anxiety (HADS-A). Arthrit Care Res. 2011;63(S11): S467–S72.
    1. Piotrowski C. The status of the Beck inventories (BDI, BAI) in psychology training and practice: A major shift in clinical acceptance. J Appl Biobehav Res. 2017: e12112.
    1. Piotrowski C, Gallant N. Research Use of Clinical Measures for Anxiety in the Recent Psychological Literature. J Instruct Psychol. 2009;36(1): 84–6.
    1. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders 5th ed Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2013.

Source: PubMed

Sponsors et collaborateurs

Les conditions médicales

Interventions en matière de drogue

3
S'abonner