Overview of techniques to manage shoulder dystocia during vaginal birth

Anastasia Bothou, Dimitra-Maria Apostolidi, Panagiotis Tsikouras, Georgios Iatrakis, Aggeliki Sarella, Dimitrios Iatrakis, Panagiotis Peitsidis, Aggeliki Gerente, Xanthoula Anthoulaki, Nikolaos Nikolettos, Stefanos Zervoudis, Anastasia Bothou, Dimitra-Maria Apostolidi, Panagiotis Tsikouras, Georgios Iatrakis, Aggeliki Sarella, Dimitrios Iatrakis, Panagiotis Peitsidis, Aggeliki Gerente, Xanthoula Anthoulaki, Nikolaos Nikolettos, Stefanos Zervoudis

Abstract

Shoulder dystocia is an obstetric emergency which is unpredictable and complicates approximately 0.5-1% of vaginal births. This article discusses the risk factors and the associated fetal and maternal complications, while it is also an overview of techniques and algorithms to handle shoulder dystocia.

Keywords: McRoberts’ maneuver; Wood’s maneuver; axillary traction; delivery of the posterior arm; interventional delivery; shoulder dystocia.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors have completed and submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest and none was reported.

© 2021 Bothou A. et al.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Algorithms for the management of shoulder dystocia

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