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Clinical Trial Results:
A multicenter Phase I/II trial investigating the safety and efficacy (CR rate and OS) of low dose AraC with Clofarabine in patients ≥60 years with AML not eligible for conventional Chemotherapy

Summary
EudraCT number
2009-017347-33
Trial protocol
DE  
Global end of trial date
13 Dec 2013

Results information
Results version number
v1(current)
This version publication date
15 Aug 2020
First version publication date
15 Aug 2020
Other versions
Summary report(s)
Final report 2014-02-20

Trial information

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Trial identification
Sponsor protocol code
Clofarabine
Additional study identifiers
ISRCTN number
-
US NCT number
-
WHO universal trial number (UTN)
-
Sponsors
Sponsor organisation name
University of Leipzig
Sponsor organisation address
Ritterstrasse 26, Leipzig, Germany, D 04109
Public contact
University of Leipzig Indep. Department for Haematology, Internistic Oncology and Haemostastogy, University of Leipzig Indep. Department for Haematology, Internistic Oncology and Haemostastogy, +49 341 97-13050, haematologie@medizin.uni-leipzig.de
Scientific contact
University of Leipzig Indep. Department for Haematology, Internistic Oncology and Haemostastogy, University of Leipzig Indep. Department for Haematology, Internistic Oncology and Haemostastogy, +49 341 97-13050, haematologie@medizin.uni-leipzig.de
Paediatric regulatory details
Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
No
Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
No
Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
No
Results analysis stage
Analysis stage
Final
Date of interim/final analysis
28 Jan 2014
Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
Yes
Primary completion date
25 Oct 2013
Global end of trial reached?
Yes
Global end of trial date
13 Dec 2013
Was the trial ended prematurely?
Yes
General information about the trial
Main objective of the trial
Phase I – Dose evaluation To investigate feasibility of induction therapy with low dose Ara-C (20 mg/m2 sc injection d1-d14) and clofarabine at three different dose levels for the first induction cycle (Clofarabine 10, 15 or 20 mg/m2 1h iv infusion d1-d5). Phase II – Safety To assess safety (in terms of AEs/ARs, SAEs/SARs and Adverse reactions CTC grade 4 (AR4)) of induction therapy with low dose AraC in combination with Clofarabine (at the dose level resulting from the dose evaluation phase of the trial).
Protection of trial subjects
A DMC was installed. However, the trial ended prematurely before the first meeting of the DMC. Toxicities and adverse events were captured at the end of every treatment period. Patients who experience ≥ grade 3 drug-related non-hematologic toxicity or asymptomatic grade 2 serum creatinine or serum total bilirubin elevation during any clofarabine administration period should have the drug held until recovery to baseline or grade <2 before resuming treatment. If the patient suffers subsequently a grade 3 drug related non-hematologic toxicity, he will be excluded from the study. There will be no dose modifications.
Background therapy
Application of filgrastim /pegfilgrastim was documented for 3 patients. Prophylactic steroid administration to minimize the occurrence and/or severity of the following potential clofarabine-related toxicities: nausea, vomiting, skin rash/desquamation, and capillary leak syndrome was suggested.
Evidence for comparator
In comparison to the “golden standard” of low dose AraC, Clofarabine monotherapy increases response rates in a historical control analysis (Burnett et al). For patients with secondary AML the response rate was only 4% with low dose AraC compared to 31 % with clofarabine. The combination of clofarabine and low-dose AraC increased the CR rate (63 vs. 31%) and event free survival (7.1 vs. 1.7 months; p=0.04) even more (see Faderl et al. 2008)).
Actual start date of recruitment
03 Mar 2011
Long term follow-up planned
Yes
Long term follow-up rationale
Safety, Efficacy
Long term follow-up duration
12 Months
Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
Yes
Population of trial subjects
Number of subjects enrolled per country
Country: Number of subjects enrolled
Germany: 13
Worldwide total number of subjects
13
EEA total number of subjects
13
Number of subjects enrolled per age group
In utero
0
Preterm newborn - gestational age
0
Newborns (0-27 days)
0
Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
0
Children (2-11 years)
0
Adolescents (12-17 years)
0
Adults (18-64 years)
0
From 65 to 84 years
12
85 years and over
1

Subject disposition

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Recruitment
Recruitment details
13 patients were recruited in two trial sites from March 3rd, 2011 to January 17, 2012

Pre-assignment
Screening details
Not available

Period 1
Period 1 title
Phase I: Dose escalation
Is this the baseline period?
Yes
Allocation method
Not applicable
Blinding used
Not blinded

Arms
Arm title
Clofarabine
Arm description
Therapy with Clofarabine / AraC following a dose escalation scheme
Arm type
Experimental

Investigational medicinal product name
Clofarabine
Investigational medicinal product code
Other name
Pharmaceutical forms
Solution for injection
Routes of administration
Intravenous use
Dosage and administration details
following the dose-escalation scheme

Investigational medicinal product name
Ara-C
Investigational medicinal product code
Other name
Cytarabin, AraC
Pharmaceutical forms
Solution for injection
Routes of administration
Subcutaneous use
Dosage and administration details
20 mg/m² from day 1 to day 14 of the cycle

Number of subjects in period 1
Clofarabine
Started
13
Completed
13
Period 2
Period 2 title
Phase II: 2nd Induction / Consolidation
Is this the baseline period?
No
Allocation method
Not applicable
Blinding used
Not blinded
Blinding implementation details
Only one arm

Arms
Arm title
Clofarabine
Arm description
Therapy with Clofarabine / AraC following a dose escalation scheme
Arm type
Experimental

Investigational medicinal product name
Clofarabine
Investigational medicinal product code
Other name
Pharmaceutical forms
Solution for injection
Routes of administration
Intravenous use
Dosage and administration details
following the dose-escalation scheme

Investigational medicinal product name
Ara-C
Investigational medicinal product code
Other name
Cytarabin, AraC
Pharmaceutical forms
Solution for injection
Routes of administration
Subcutaneous use
Dosage and administration details
20 mg/m² from day 1 to day 14 of the cycle

Number of subjects in period 2 [1]
Clofarabine
Started
12
Completed
12
Notes
[1] - The number of subjects starting the period is not consistent with the number completing the preceding period. It is expected the number of subjects starting the subsequent period will be the same as the number completing the preceding period.
Justification: One patient withdrew consent.

Baseline characteristics

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Baseline characteristics reporting groups
Reporting group title
Clofarabine
Reporting group description
Therapy with Clofarabine / AraC following a dose escalation scheme

Reporting group values
Clofarabine Total
Number of subjects
13 13
Age categorical
Units: Subjects
    In utero
0
    Preterm newborn infants (gestational age < 37 wks)
0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
0
    Children (2-11 years)
0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
0
    Adults (18-64 years)
0
    From 65-84 years
0
    85 years and over
0
Age continuous
Age (years)
Units: years
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
79.6 ± 3.2 -
Gender categorical
Units: Subjects
    Female
6 6
    Male
7 7
AML
AML Type
Units: Subjects
    Primary AML
7 7
    Secondary AML
5 5
    AML after Myelofibrosis
1 1
ECOG state
Units: Subjects
    Grade 0
2 2
    Grade 1
6 6
    Grade 2
2 2
    Grade 3
1 1
    Not available
2 2
BMI
body mass index
Units: kg/m²
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
27.1 ± 4.2 -
Subject analysis sets

Subject analysis set title
Safety set
Subject analysis set type
Safety analysis
Subject analysis set description
Full Analysis Set = Safety Set

Subject analysis sets values
Safety set
Number of subjects
13
Age categorical
Units: Subjects
    In utero
    Preterm newborn infants (gestational age < 37 wks)
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    Children (2-11 years)
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    Adults (18-64 years)
    From 65-84 years
    85 years and over
Age continuous
Age (years)
Units: years
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
79.6 ± 3.2
Gender categorical
Units: Subjects
    Female
6
    Male
7
AML
AML Type
Units: Subjects
    Primary AML
7
    Secondary AML
5
    AML after Myelofibrosis
1
ECOG state
Units: Subjects
    Grade 0
2
    Grade 1
6
    Grade 2
2
    Grade 3
1
    Not available
2
BMI
body mass index
Units: kg/m²
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
27.1 ± 4.2

End points

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End points reporting groups
Reporting group title
Clofarabine
Reporting group description
Therapy with Clofarabine / AraC following a dose escalation scheme
Reporting group title
Clofarabine
Reporting group description
Therapy with Clofarabine / AraC following a dose escalation scheme

Subject analysis set title
Safety set
Subject analysis set type
Safety analysis
Subject analysis set description
Full Analysis Set = Safety Set

Primary: SAEs during induction therapy

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End point title
SAEs during induction therapy [1]
End point description
safety endpoint
End point type
Primary
End point timeframe
induction therapy
Notes
[1] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
Justification: Only one arm in study, thus, no confirmative analysis.
End point values
Clofarabine Safety set
Number of subjects analysed
13
13
Units: events
    SAE
7
7
    No SAE
6
6
No statistical analyses for this end point

Primary: Adverse events during induction therapy

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End point title
Adverse events during induction therapy [2]
End point description
End point type
Primary
End point timeframe
Induction therapy
Notes
[2] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
Justification: Only one arm in study. Thus, no confirmatory analysis was possible.
End point values
Clofarabine Safety set
Number of subjects analysed
13
13
Units: events
    AE present
13
13
    No AE
0
0
No statistical analyses for this end point

Secondary: Induction response

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End point title
Induction response
End point description
End point type
Secondary
End point timeframe
induction therapy
End point values
Clofarabine Safety set
Number of subjects analysed
13
13
Units: patients
    CR
1
1
    CRi
5
5
    PR
0
0
    SD
3
3
    PD
3
3
    Death
1
1
No statistical analyses for this end point

Secondary: Death from every cause

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End point title
Death from every cause
End point description
End point type
Secondary
End point timeframe
study duration
End point values
Clofarabine Safety set
Number of subjects analysed
12
12
Units: months
    median (confidence interval 95%)
2.3 (1.0 to 3.6)
2.3 (1.0 to 3.6)
Attachments
Untitled (Filename: Clofarabine_OS.jpg)
No statistical analyses for this end point

Adverse events

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Adverse events information
Timeframe for reporting adverse events
First induction therapy
Assessment type
Non-systematic
Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
Dictionary name
MedDRA
Dictionary version
15.0
Reporting groups
Reporting group title
Clofarabine
Reporting group description
-

Serious adverse events
Clofarabine
Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
     subjects affected / exposed
13 / 13 (100.00%)
     number of deaths (all causes)
13
     number of deaths resulting from adverse events
4
Vascular disorders
Oedema peripheral
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 1
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
Cardiac disorders
Cardiac failure
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 1
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
Cardiovascular insufficiency
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 1
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
Blood and lymphatic system disorders
Lymph node abscess
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
1 / 1
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Pneumonia
     subjects affected / exposed
2 / 13 (15.38%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
1 / 2
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
1 / 2
Respiratory failure
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
1 / 1
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
1 / 1
Nervous system disorders
Disorientation
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
1 / 1
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
1 / 1
General disorders and administration site conditions
Pyrexia
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 1
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
General physical health deterioration
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 1
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
Gastrointestinal disorders
Enteritis
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 1
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
Renal and urinary disorders
Nephropathy toxic
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
1 / 1
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
1 / 1
Metabolism and nutrition disorders
Metabolic acidosis
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 1
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 1
Infections and infestations
Sepsis
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
1 / 1
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
1 / 1
Enterococcal sepsis
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 1
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 1
Klebsiella sepsis
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences causally related to treatment / all
0 / 1
     deaths causally related to treatment / all
0 / 0
Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
Non-serious adverse events
Clofarabine
Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
     subjects affected / exposed
13 / 13 (100.00%)
Vascular disorders
Ascites
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences all number
1
Oedema peripheral
     subjects affected / exposed
6 / 13 (46.15%)
     occurrences all number
6
Haemorrhage
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences all number
1
Phlebitis
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences all number
1
Immune system disorders
Mucosal inflammation
     subjects affected / exposed
2 / 13 (15.38%)
     occurrences all number
2
Hypersensitivity
     subjects affected / exposed
4 / 13 (30.77%)
     occurrences all number
4
Cystitis
     subjects affected / exposed
2 / 13 (15.38%)
     occurrences all number
2
General disorders and administration site conditions
Fatigue
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences all number
1
Pain
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences all number
1
Pyrexia
     subjects affected / exposed
13 / 13 (100.00%)
     occurrences all number
13
Fall
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences all number
1
Psychiatric disorders
Depression
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences all number
1
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
excoriation
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences all number
1
Investigations
Alanine aminotransferase increased
     subjects affected / exposed
10 / 13 (76.92%)
     occurrences all number
10
Aspartate aminotransferase increased
     subjects affected / exposed
13 / 13 (100.00%)
     occurrences all number
13
Blood alkaline phosphatase increased
     subjects affected / exposed
10 / 13 (76.92%)
     occurrences all number
10
Blood bilirubin increased
     subjects affected / exposed
13 / 13 (100.00%)
     occurrences all number
13
Blood iron
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences all number
1
Weight decreased
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences all number
1
Weight increased
     subjects affected / exposed
3 / 13 (23.08%)
     occurrences all number
3
Cardiac disorders
Arrhythmia
     subjects affected / exposed
6 / 13 (46.15%)
     occurrences all number
6
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Cough
     subjects affected / exposed
3 / 13 (23.08%)
     occurrences all number
3
Dyspnoea
     subjects affected / exposed
5 / 13 (38.46%)
     occurrences all number
5
Epistaxis
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences all number
1
Pleural effusion
     subjects affected / exposed
5 / 13 (38.46%)
     occurrences all number
5
Nervous system disorders
Altered state of consciousness
     subjects affected / exposed
4 / 13 (30.77%)
     occurrences all number
4
Dizziness
     subjects affected / exposed
2 / 13 (15.38%)
     occurrences all number
2
Headache
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences all number
1
Eye disorders
Eye haemorrhage
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences all number
1
Eye pain
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences all number
1
Gastrointestinal disorders
Abdominal pain
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences all number
1
Abdominal pain upper
     subjects affected / exposed
2 / 13 (15.38%)
     occurrences all number
2
Diarrhoea
     subjects affected / exposed
4 / 13 (30.77%)
     occurrences all number
4
Intestinal obstruction
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences all number
1
Mouth haemorrhage
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences all number
1
Nausea
     subjects affected / exposed
6 / 13 (46.15%)
     occurrences all number
6
Vomiting
     subjects affected / exposed
2 / 13 (15.38%)
     occurrences all number
2
Renal and urinary disorders
Haematuria
     subjects affected / exposed
7 / 13 (53.85%)
     occurrences all number
7
Renal failure
     subjects affected / exposed
5 / 13 (38.46%)
     occurrences all number
5
Urethral haemorrhage
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences all number
1
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Alopecia
     subjects affected / exposed
7 / 13 (53.85%)
     occurrences all number
7
Blood blister
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences all number
1
Decubitus ulcer
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences all number
1
Dermatitis
     subjects affected / exposed
6 / 13 (46.15%)
     occurrences all number
6
Intertrigo
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences all number
1
Palmar-plantar erythrodysaesthesia syndrome
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences all number
1
Petechiae
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences all number
1
Pruritus
     subjects affected / exposed
2 / 13 (15.38%)
     occurrences all number
2
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Arthralgia
     subjects affected / exposed
2 / 13 (15.38%)
     occurrences all number
2
Musculoskeletal pain
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences all number
1
Pain in extremity
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences all number
1
Metabolism and nutrition disorders
Hyperproteinaemia
     subjects affected / exposed
9 / 13 (69.23%)
     occurrences all number
9
Infections and infestations
Erysipelas
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences all number
1
Infection
     subjects affected / exposed
2 / 13 (15.38%)
     occurrences all number
2
Soft tissue infection
     subjects affected / exposed
1 / 13 (7.69%)
     occurrences all number
1
Urinary tract infection
     subjects affected / exposed
2 / 13 (15.38%)
     occurrences all number
2

More information

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Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
Date
Amendment
01 Dec 2011
Changes for patients with renal insufficiency, Permission of concomitant medication with Litalir, Events related to tumour progression are not more documented as SAE.

Interruptions (globally)

Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

Limitations and caveats

Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
The trial was finished prematurely after 13 patients had been enrolled.
3
S'abonner