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The Restorative Role of Daytime Naps in Mentally Fatigued Endurance Athletes (Nap&Run)

5 maggio 2026 aggiornato da: Jacopo Vitale, L.U.de.S. Sagl

The Restorative Role of Daytime Naps in Mentally Fatigued Endurance Athletes: a Randomized Controlled Trial

This randomized, counterbalanced crossover study investigated whether a 30-minute daytime nap can mitigate the effects of experimentally induced mental fatigue in amateur master endurance athletes. Male athletes completed two home-based experimental sessions separated by one week: a mental fatigue condition, in which a 30-minute cognitively demanding task battery preceded the nap, and a control condition, in which participants took only the nap. Sleep parameters during the nap were monitored by wrist actigraphy, and perceived sleep quality was assessed after awakening. Subjective sleepiness, perceived mental fatigue, and cognitive performance were evaluated before the nap, immediately after the nap, and/or 30 minutes after the nap.

The study examined whether mental fatigue influenced nap characteristics and whether the nap improved recovery-related outcomes. The main outcomes included actigraphy-derived nap parameters, perceived sleep quality, sleepiness assessed with the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale, perceived mental fatigue assessed using a visual analogue scale, and cognitive performance assessed with a Flanker task.

Panoramica dello studio

Stato

Completato

Condizioni

Intervento / Trattamento

Tipo di studio

Interventistico

Iscrizione (Effettivo)

11

Fase

  • Non applicabile

Contatti e Sedi

Questa sezione fornisce i recapiti di coloro che conducono lo studio e informazioni su dove viene condotto lo studio.

Luoghi di studio

  • Italia
      • Milan, Italia
        • University of Milan

Criteri di partecipazione

I ricercatori cercano persone che corrispondano a una certa descrizione, chiamata criteri di ammissibilità. Alcuni esempi di questi criteri sono le condizioni generali di salute di una persona o trattamenti precedenti.

Criteri di ammissibilità

Età idonea allo studio

  • Adulto

Accetta volontari sani

No

Descrizione

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Male amateur master endurance athletes
  • Age between 28 and 50 years
  • Peak oxygen uptake (VO₂peak) ≥55 mL·kg-¹·min-¹
  • Habitual nocturnal sleep duration of at least 7 hours
  • Able and willing to complete both experimental sessions and daytime nap procedures

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Diagnosed medical condition or injury
  • Diagnosed sleep disorder
  • Use of medications or supplements affecting sleep or cognition, including melatonin
  • Habitual sleep duration of less than 7 hours per night
  • Inability to nap during the experimental sessions

Piano di studio

Questa sezione fornisce i dettagli del piano di studio, compreso il modo in cui lo studio è progettato e ciò che lo studio sta misurando.

Come è strutturato lo studio?

Dettagli di progettazione

  • Scopo principale: Trattamento
  • Assegnazione: Randomizzato
  • Modello interventistico: Assegnazione incrociata
  • Mascheramento: Separare

Armi e interventi

Gruppo di partecipanti / Arm
Intervento / Trattamento
Sperimentale: Mental Fatigue + Daytime Nap
Participants completed a 30-minute mental fatigue induction protocol consisting of cognitively demanding tasks, followed by a 30-minute daytime nap performed at home between 14:00 and 15:00. Subjective sleepiness, perceived mental fatigue, nap characteristics, perceived sleep quality, and cognitive performance were assessed before and/or after the nap.
Comportamentale: Mental Fatigue Induction Protocol
Participants completed a 30-minute computerized cognitive task battery designed to induce mental fatigue before the daytime nap. The protocol consisted of three consecutive 10-minute cognitively demanding tasks: a Flanker task, a memory task, and a Stroop task.
Comportamentale: Daytime Nap
Participants took a 30-minute daytime nap at home between 14:00 and 15:00, at least one hour after lunch, in a quiet and dimly lit room. Nap characteristics were monitored using wrist actigraphy, and perceived sleep quality was assessed after awakening.
Comparatore attivo: Daytime Nap Control
Participants completed the control condition consisting of a 30-minute daytime nap performed at home between 14:00 and 15:00, without the preceding mental fatigue induction protocol. Subjective sleepiness, perceived mental fatigue, nap characteristics, perceived sleep quality, and cognitive performance were assessed before and/or after the nap.
Comportamentale: Daytime Nap
Participants took a 30-minute daytime nap at home between 14:00 and 15:00, at least one hour after lunch, in a quiet and dimly lit room. Nap characteristics were monitored using wrist actigraphy, and perceived sleep quality was assessed after awakening.

Cosa sta misurando lo studio?

Misure di risultato primarie

Misura del risultato
Misura Descrizione
Lasso di tempo
Perceived mental fatigue
Lasso di tempo: Before the nap, immediately after the nap, and 30 minutes after the nap in each experimental condition.
Perceived mental fatigue was assessed using a 100-mm visual analogue scale for mental fatigue (VAS-MF), anchored from 0-mm "No mental fatigue" to 100-mm "Maximum mental fatigue." Participants marked the point that best represented their perceived level of mental fatigue.
Before the nap, immediately after the nap, and 30 minutes after the nap in each experimental condition.

Misure di risultato secondarie

Misura del risultato
Misura Descrizione
Lasso di tempo
Subjective sleepiness
Lasso di tempo: Before the nap, immediately after the nap, and 30 minutes after the nap
Subjective sleepiness was assessed using the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS), a 9-point scale ranging from 1, "not sleepy at all," to 9, "extremely sleepy."
Before the nap, immediately after the nap, and 30 minutes after the nap
Flanker Task Reaction Time
Lasso di tempo: 30 minutes after the nap in each experimental condition.
Accuracy during the computerized Flanker task was calculated as the percentage of correct responses and used as an indicator of executive function performance. Accuracy ranges from 0 to 100%.
30 minutes after the nap in each experimental condition.
Perceived Nap Sleep Quality
Lasso di tempo: Immediately after the nap in each experimental condition.
Perceived sleep quality after the nap was assessed using a 10-point Likert scale, from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating better perceived sleep quality.
Immediately after the nap in each experimental condition.
Actigraphy-Derived nap start time
Lasso di tempo: During the 30-minute daytime nap in each experimental condition.
Clock time at which the nap period begins, usually identified from the rest interval or sleep diary. Nap start time is expressed as clock time, using the 24-hour format.
During the 30-minute daytime nap in each experimental condition.
Actigraphy-Derived nap time in bed
Lasso di tempo: During the 30-minute daytime nap in each experimental condition.
Total time spent in bed or within the defined nap/rest interval, from nap start time to nap end time. Values are expressed in minutes.
During the 30-minute daytime nap in each experimental condition.
Actigraphy-Derived nap total sleep time
Lasso di tempo: During the 30-minute daytime nap in each experimental condition.
Total duration of epochs scored as sleep during the nap/rest interval. Values are expressed in minutes.
During the 30-minute daytime nap in each experimental condition.
Actigraphy-Derived nap sleep onset latency
Lasso di tempo: During the 30-minute daytime nap in each experimental condition.
Time elapsed between nap start time and the first epoch scored as sleep. Values are expressed in minutes.
During the 30-minute daytime nap in each experimental condition.
Actigraphy-Derived nap sleep efficiency
Lasso di tempo: During the 30-minute daytime nap in each experimental condition.
Sleep efficiency is expressed as a percentage, ranging from 0% to 100%, and is calculated as the ratio between total sleep time and time in bed multiplied by 100
During the 30-minute daytime nap in each experimental condition.
Actigraphy-Derived nap fragmentation index
Lasso di tempo: During the 30-minute daytime nap in each experimental condition.
An index reflecting sleep disruption or restlessness, based on movement and short immobility bouts during the sleep period. Higher values indicate more fragmented sleep. Fragmentation index is expressed as a percentage from 0% to 100%
During the 30-minute daytime nap in each experimental condition.

Collaboratori e investigatori

Qui è dove troverai le persone e le organizzazioni coinvolte in questo studio.

Sponsor

L.U.de.S. Sagl

Collaboratori

University of Rennes
Universty of Milan
University of Physical Culture in Cracow
Universita Telematica E-Campus

Pubblicazioni e link utili

La persona responsabile dell'inserimento delle informazioni sullo studio fornisce volontariamente queste pubblicazioni. Questi possono riguardare qualsiasi cosa relativa allo studio.

Pubblicazioni generali

Studiare le date dei record

Queste date tengono traccia dell'avanzamento della registrazione dello studio e dell'invio dei risultati di sintesi a ClinicalTrials.gov. I record degli studi e i risultati riportati vengono esaminati dalla National Library of Medicine (NLM) per assicurarsi che soddisfino specifici standard di controllo della qualità prima di essere pubblicati sul sito Web pubblico.

Studia le date principali

Inizio studio (Effettivo)

11 gennaio 2021

Completamento primario (Effettivo)

15 maggio 2021

Completamento dello studio (Effettivo)

15 maggio 2021

Date di iscrizione allo studio

Primo inviato

28 aprile 2026

Primo inviato che soddisfa i criteri di controllo qualità

5 maggio 2026

Primo Inserito (Effettivo)

12 maggio 2026

Aggiornamenti dei record di studio

Ultimo aggiornamento pubblicato (Effettivo)

12 maggio 2026

Ultimo aggiornamento inviato che soddisfa i criteri QC

5 maggio 2026

Ultimo verificato

1 maggio 2026

Maggiori informazioni

Termini relativi a questo studio

Parole chiave

Termini MeSH pertinenti aggiuntivi

Altri numeri di identificazione dello studio

  • Nap&Run01

Piano per i dati dei singoli partecipanti (IPD)

Hai intenzione di condividere i dati dei singoli partecipanti (IPD)?

NO

Descrizione del piano IPD

Individual participant data will not be made publicly available. Data supporting the findings of this study may be available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Informazioni su farmaci e dispositivi, documenti di studio

Studia un prodotto farmaceutico regolamentato dalla FDA degli Stati Uniti

No

Studia un dispositivo regolamentato dalla FDA degli Stati Uniti

No

Queste informazioni sono state recuperate direttamente dal sito web clinicaltrials.gov senza alcuna modifica. In caso di richieste di modifica, rimozione o aggiornamento dei dettagli dello studio, contattare register@clinicaltrials.gov. Non appena verrà implementata una modifica su clinicaltrials.gov, questa verrà aggiornata automaticamente anche sul nostro sito web .

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