World Health Organization declares global emergency: A review of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19)

Catrin Sohrabi, Zaid Alsafi, Niamh O'Neill, Mehdi Khan, Ahmed Kerwan, Ahmed Al-Jabir, Christos Iosifidis, Riaz Agha, Catrin Sohrabi, Zaid Alsafi, Niamh O'Neill, Mehdi Khan, Ahmed Kerwan, Ahmed Al-Jabir, Christos Iosifidis, Riaz Agha

Abstract

An unprecedented outbreak of pneumonia of unknown aetiology in Wuhan City, Hubei province in China emerged in December 2019. A novel coronavirus was identified as the causative agent and was subsequently termed COVID-19 by the World Health Organization (WHO). Considered a relative of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), COVID-19 is caused by a betacoronavirus named SARS-CoV-2 that affects the lower respiratory tract and manifests as pneumonia in humans. Despite rigorous global containment and quarantine efforts, the incidence of COVID-19 continues to rise, with 90,870 laboratory-confirmed cases and over 3,000 deaths worldwide. In response to this global outbreak, we summarise the current state of knowledge surrounding COVID-19.

Keywords: COVID-19; Global health emergency; Novel coronavirus; Viral transmission; Wuhan.

Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest No conflicts of interest to declare.

Copyright © 2020 IJS Publishing Group Ltd. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Illustration of the geographical spread of confirmed COVID-19. Data accurate as of 3rd March 2020 [23].
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Illustration of the SARS-CoV-2 virion [56].

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Source: PubMed

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