Direct Measurement of Food Intake Behaviour in Obese Women Before and After Bariatric Surgery or Lifestyle Intervention (CIBuS)

Inclusion Criteria:

• Woman
• Age between 18 and 67 years of age (standard for eligibility for bariatric surgery)
• Patients must be able to adhere to the study visit schedule
• Independently mobile
• Patients must be able to give informed consent (IC) prior to any study procedures

• Surgical (1) and non-surgical (2) groups:

  1. Eligible for bariatric surgery (BMI > 35 kg/m2 and clinically indicated bariatric surgery operation in agreement with the IFSO criteria)
  2. Patients with a BMI of 30-40 kg/m2, who are planning to join the COOL-lifestyle program

Exclusion Criteria:

• Pre-operatively/lifestyle group: Factors impairing ability to consume meal such as: Significant dysphagia; Gastric outlet obstruction; Anything factor that prevents subjects from drinking or eating a meal
• Post-operatively: Factors impairing ability to consume meal such as: Significant and persistent surgical complications or anything that prevents subjects from drinking or eating a meal.
• Systemic or gastrointestinal condition which may affect food intake or preference (including diabetes mellitus)
• Pregnancy or lactation, or planning to get pregnant during the study period
• Patients who have an intolerance or allergy for one of the components of the test product (e.g. lactose)
• Active and significant psychiatric illness including substance misuse
• Significant cognitive or communication issues
• Medications with documented effect on food intake or food preference
• Participating in another scientific study at the same time, if