Prenatal Androgen and Skills
2026년 5월 30일 업데이트: Rabia ZORLULAR, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University
Prenatal Androgen and Fine Motor Skills and Tactile Discrimination
Due to the difficulties and risks of directly measuring prenatal hormone levels, biomarkers that indirectly reflect this exposure are used in research.
In this context, the ratio of second to fourth finger length (2D:4D) is widely preferred because it is an easily applicable and non-invasive measurement.
Evidence shows that 2D:4D stabilizes from the second trimester of pregnancy onward and exhibits strong sex differences across populations.
The 2D:4D ratio is generally lower in men than in women.
2D is more strongly influenced by prenatal estrogen, while 4D is more strongly influenced by prenatal testosterone; this occurs during the first trimester of intrauterine fetal development.
To our knowledge, studies examining the relationship between the 2D:4D ratio, an indirect indicator of prenatal androgen exposure, and dexterity and tactile discrimination are limited.
Accordingly, the planned study aims to evaluate the relationship between the 2D:4D ratio and fine motor skills and tactile discrimination in healthy young adults.
연구 개요
상세 설명
Sex hormones experienced during prenatal exposure play a significant role in shaping certain lifelong characteristics by influencing both the physical and neurological development of individuals.
The effects of these hormones, particularly on the developing nervous system, contribute to the emergence of behavioral and functional differences.
Hand preference and certain behavioral traits in humans have been shown to be related to prenatal hormonal exposure.
However, the development of these traits is not limited to hormonal influences alone, but is shaped by the interaction of genetic, environmental, and sociocultural factors.
Due to the difficulties and risks of directly measuring prenatal hormone levels, biomarkers that indirectly reflect this exposure are used in research.
In this context, the ratio of second to fourth finger length (2D:4D) is widely preferred because it is an easily applicable and non-invasive measurement.
The 2D:4D ratio is generally lower in men than in women.
2D is more strongly influenced by prenatal estrogen, while 4D is more strongly influenced by prenatal testosterone; this occurs during the first trimester of intrauterine fetal development.
However, whether the 2D:4D ratio is a reliable indicator of prenatal hormonal exposure is still a controversial issue in the literature.
Therefore, examining the relationship between the 2D:4D ratio and various biological and functional characteristics remains important.
To our knowledge, studies examining the relationship between the 2D:4D ratio, an indirect indicator of prenatal androgen exposure, and dexterity and tactile discrimination are limited.
Accordingly, the planned study aims to evaluate the relationship between the 2D:4D ratio and fine motor skills and tactile discrimination in healthy young adults.
It is hypothesized that prenatal hormonal exposure may indirectly shape finger morphology and receptor distribution by affecting skin and nervous system development, which may be a determining factor in tactile sensitivity and dexterity.
연구 유형
관찰
등록 (추정된)
94
연락처 및 위치
이 섹션에서는 연구를 수행하는 사람들의 연락처 정보와 이 연구가 수행되는 장소에 대한 정보를 제공합니다.
연구 장소
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Merkez
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Niğde, Merkez, 터키 (Türkiye)
- Nigde Omer Halisdemir University
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참여기준
연구원은 적격성 기준이라는 특정 설명에 맞는 사람을 찾습니다. 이러한 기준의 몇 가지 예는 개인의 일반적인 건강 상태 또는 이전 치료입니다.
자격 기준
공부할 수 있는 나이
- 성인
건강한 자원 봉사자를 받아들입니다
예
샘플링 방법
비확률 샘플
연구 인구
- Healthy individuals aged 18-40
설명
Inclusion Criteria:
- Healthy individuals aged 18-40
- Having sufficient visual and auditory function to understand and administer the test,
- Voluntary agreement to participate in the study and providing informed consent.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Individuals with any musculoskeletal pathology,
- History of upper extremity trauma,
- Individuals diagnosed with metabolic, neurological, or genetic diseases,
- Individuals with a history of hand surgery within the last 6 months,
- Pregnancy or breastfeeding.
공부 계획
이 섹션에서는 연구 설계 방법과 연구가 측정하는 내용을 포함하여 연구 계획에 대한 세부 정보를 제공합니다.
연구는 어떻게 설계됩니까?
디자인 세부사항
코호트 및 개입
그룹/코호트 |
개입 / 치료 |
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Healthy adults
Young and healthy adults aged 18-40
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The second (2D) and fourth (4D) finger lengths of the participants will be measured separately in both hands by a physiotherapist with over thirteen years of clinical experience.
Hand dexterity will be assessed using the Purdue Pegboard Test.
The test will be administered according to standard procedure with participants seated at a table.
Participants will be asked to place the pegs into the corresponding holes as quickly and accurately as possible within a specified time (30 seconds).
To perform the 2-point discrimination tests, the Baseline® two-point discriminator will be used.
Measurements will be applied to the distal phalangeal pulp of the index finger on both hands while participants are seated in a comfortable position with their eyes closed.
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연구는 무엇을 측정합니까?
주요 결과 측정
결과 측정 |
측정값 설명 |
기간 |
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2-point discrimination test
기간: 12 months
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To perform 2-point discrimination tests, the Baseline® two-point discriminator will be used.
Measurements will be applied to the distal phalangeal pulp of the index finger on both hands while participants are seated in a comfortable position with their eyes closed.
The test will begin at a distance of 8 mm, allowing participants to perceive the stimulus as two points, and then the distance will be gradually reduced.
After 5 mm, measurements will continue at 1 mm intervals.
In each application, both contact points will be applied to the skin simultaneously and with equal pressure, and participants will be asked to indicate whether the perceived stimulus is a single point or two points.
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12 months
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Digit Ratio
기간: 12 months
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Measurements will be taken after participants' hands are placed on a flat surface with palms facing upwards. Finger length is defined as the distance from the midpoint of the proximal crease line where the finger joins the palm to the distal point of the fingertip. Measurements will be performed using a digital caliper with 0.01 mm accuracy, two separate measurements will be taken for each finger, and the average value will be recorded. Based on the obtained measurements, the 2D:4D finger ratio will be calculated by dividing the 2D length by the 4D length in both hands . |
12 months
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Fine motor skills
기간: 12 months
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The test will be administered according to standard procedure while participants are seated at a table.
Participants will be asked to place the pegs into the corresponding holes as quickly and accurately as possible within the specified time (30 seconds).
In the dominant and non-dominant hand tests, participants will be asked to place pegs with one hand for 30 seconds, while in the both-hand test, the simultaneous use of both hands will be evaluated.
The number of correctly placed pegs for each subtest will be recorded, and higher scores will be considered as better fine motor skill performance.
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12 months
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공동 작업자 및 조사자
여기에서 이 연구와 관련된 사람과 조직을 찾을 수 있습니다.
수사관
- 수석 연구원: Rabia ZORLULAR, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University
간행물 및 유용한 링크
연구에 대한 정보 입력을 담당하는 사람이 자발적으로 이러한 간행물을 제공합니다. 이것은 연구와 관련된 모든 것에 관한 것일 수 있습니다.
일반 간행물
- Butovskaya M, Adam Y, Batsevich V, Shackelford TK, Fink B. Associations between 2D:4D from direct and radiographic measurements with handgrip strength in young adult Tuvans. Early Hum Dev. 2024 Jun;193:106037. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2024.106037. Epub 2024 May 8.
- Fink B, Manning JT, Neave N, Tan U. Second to fourth digit ratio and hand skill in Austrian children. Biol Psychol. 2004 Nov;67(3):375-84. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2004.03.012.
연구 기록 날짜
이 날짜는 ClinicalTrials.gov에 대한 연구 기록 및 요약 결과 제출의 진행 상황을 추적합니다. 연구 기록 및 보고된 결과는 공개 웹사이트에 게시되기 전에 특정 품질 관리 기준을 충족하는지 확인하기 위해 국립 의학 도서관(NLM)에서 검토합니다.
연구 주요 날짜
연구 시작 (추정된)
2026년 7월 1일
기본 완료 (추정된)
2027년 7월 1일
연구 완료 (추정된)
2027년 7월 1일
연구 등록 날짜
최초 제출
2026년 5월 30일
QC 기준을 충족하는 최초 제출
2026년 5월 30일
처음 게시됨 (실제)
2026년 6월 4일
연구 기록 업데이트
마지막 업데이트 게시됨 (실제)
2026년 6월 4일
QC 기준을 충족하는 마지막 업데이트 제출
2026년 5월 30일
마지막으로 확인됨
2026년 5월 1일
추가 정보
이 연구와 관련된 용어
기타 연구 ID 번호
- Androgen and Skills
개별 참가자 데이터(IPD) 계획
개별 참가자 데이터(IPD)를 공유할 계획입니까?
아니요
약물 및 장치 정보, 연구 문서
미국 FDA 규제 의약품 연구
아니
미국 FDA 규제 기기 제품 연구
아니
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