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Prenatal Androgen and Skills

30 mei 2026 bijgewerkt door: Rabia ZORLULAR, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University

Prenatal Androgen and Fine Motor Skills and Tactile Discrimination

Due to the difficulties and risks of directly measuring prenatal hormone levels, biomarkers that indirectly reflect this exposure are used in research. In this context, the ratio of second to fourth finger length (2D:4D) is widely preferred because it is an easily applicable and non-invasive measurement. Evidence shows that 2D:4D stabilizes from the second trimester of pregnancy onward and exhibits strong sex differences across populations. The 2D:4D ratio is generally lower in men than in women. 2D is more strongly influenced by prenatal estrogen, while 4D is more strongly influenced by prenatal testosterone; this occurs during the first trimester of intrauterine fetal development. To our knowledge, studies examining the relationship between the 2D:4D ratio, an indirect indicator of prenatal androgen exposure, and dexterity and tactile discrimination are limited. Accordingly, the planned study aims to evaluate the relationship between the 2D:4D ratio and fine motor skills and tactile discrimination in healthy young adults.

Studie Overzicht

Toestand

Aanmelden op uitnodiging

Conditie

Interventie / Behandeling

Gedetailleerde beschrijving

Sex hormones experienced during prenatal exposure play a significant role in shaping certain lifelong characteristics by influencing both the physical and neurological development of individuals. The effects of these hormones, particularly on the developing nervous system, contribute to the emergence of behavioral and functional differences. Hand preference and certain behavioral traits in humans have been shown to be related to prenatal hormonal exposure. However, the development of these traits is not limited to hormonal influences alone, but is shaped by the interaction of genetic, environmental, and sociocultural factors. Due to the difficulties and risks of directly measuring prenatal hormone levels, biomarkers that indirectly reflect this exposure are used in research. In this context, the ratio of second to fourth finger length (2D:4D) is widely preferred because it is an easily applicable and non-invasive measurement. The 2D:4D ratio is generally lower in men than in women. 2D is more strongly influenced by prenatal estrogen, while 4D is more strongly influenced by prenatal testosterone; this occurs during the first trimester of intrauterine fetal development. However, whether the 2D:4D ratio is a reliable indicator of prenatal hormonal exposure is still a controversial issue in the literature. Therefore, examining the relationship between the 2D:4D ratio and various biological and functional characteristics remains important. To our knowledge, studies examining the relationship between the 2D:4D ratio, an indirect indicator of prenatal androgen exposure, and dexterity and tactile discrimination are limited. Accordingly, the planned study aims to evaluate the relationship between the 2D:4D ratio and fine motor skills and tactile discrimination in healthy young adults. It is hypothesized that prenatal hormonal exposure may indirectly shape finger morphology and receptor distribution by affecting skin and nervous system development, which may be a determining factor in tactile sensitivity and dexterity.

Studietype

Observationeel

Inschrijving (Geschat)

94

Contacten en locaties

In dit gedeelte vindt u de contactgegevens van degenen die het onderzoek uitvoeren en informatie over waar dit onderzoek wordt uitgevoerd.

Studie Locaties

  • Turkije (Türkiye)
    • Merkez
      • Niğde, Merkez, Turkije (Türkiye)
        • Nigde Omer Halisdemir University

Deelname Criteria

Onderzoekers zoeken naar mensen die aan een bepaalde beschrijving voldoen, de zogenaamde geschiktheidscriteria. Enkele voorbeelden van deze criteria zijn iemands algemene gezondheidstoestand of eerdere behandelingen.

Geschiktheidscriteria

Leeftijden die in aanmerking komen voor studie

  • Volwassen

Accepteert gezonde vrijwilligers

Ja

Bemonsteringsmethode

Niet-waarschijnlijkheidssteekproef

Studie Bevolking

- Healthy individuals aged 18-40

Beschrijving

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Healthy individuals aged 18-40
  • Having sufficient visual and auditory function to understand and administer the test,
  • Voluntary agreement to participate in the study and providing informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Individuals with any musculoskeletal pathology,
  • History of upper extremity trauma,
  • Individuals diagnosed with metabolic, neurological, or genetic diseases,
  • Individuals with a history of hand surgery within the last 6 months,
  • Pregnancy or breastfeeding.

Studie plan

Dit gedeelte bevat details van het studieplan, inclusief hoe de studie is opgezet en wat de studie meet.

Hoe is de studie opgezet?

Ontwerpdetails

Cohorten en interventies

Groep / Cohort
Interventie / Behandeling
Healthy adults
Young and healthy adults aged 18-40
Ander: Digit Ratio
The second (2D) and fourth (4D) finger lengths of the participants will be measured separately in both hands by a physiotherapist with over thirteen years of clinical experience.
Gedragsmatig: Fine motor skills
Hand dexterity will be assessed using the Purdue Pegboard Test. The test will be administered according to standard procedure with participants seated at a table. Participants will be asked to place the pegs into the corresponding holes as quickly and accurately as possible within a specified time (30 seconds).
Gedragsmatig: Tactile Discrimination
To perform the 2-point discrimination tests, the Baseline® two-point discriminator will be used. Measurements will be applied to the distal phalangeal pulp of the index finger on both hands while participants are seated in a comfortable position with their eyes closed.

Wat meet het onderzoek?

Primaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
2-point discrimination test
Tijdsspanne: 12 months
To perform 2-point discrimination tests, the Baseline® two-point discriminator will be used. Measurements will be applied to the distal phalangeal pulp of the index finger on both hands while participants are seated in a comfortable position with their eyes closed. The test will begin at a distance of 8 mm, allowing participants to perceive the stimulus as two points, and then the distance will be gradually reduced. After 5 mm, measurements will continue at 1 mm intervals. In each application, both contact points will be applied to the skin simultaneously and with equal pressure, and participants will be asked to indicate whether the perceived stimulus is a single point or two points.
12 months
Digit Ratio
Tijdsspanne: 12 months

Measurements will be taken after participants' hands are placed on a flat surface with palms facing upwards. Finger length is defined as the distance from the midpoint of the proximal crease line where the finger joins the palm to the distal point of the fingertip.

Measurements will be performed using a digital caliper with 0.01 mm accuracy, two separate measurements will be taken for each finger, and the average value will be recorded. Based on the obtained measurements, the 2D:4D finger ratio will be calculated by dividing the 2D length by the 4D length in both hands .
12 months
Fine motor skills
Tijdsspanne: 12 months
The test will be administered according to standard procedure while participants are seated at a table. Participants will be asked to place the pegs into the corresponding holes as quickly and accurately as possible within the specified time (30 seconds). In the dominant and non-dominant hand tests, participants will be asked to place pegs with one hand for 30 seconds, while in the both-hand test, the simultaneous use of both hands will be evaluated. The number of correctly placed pegs for each subtest will be recorded, and higher scores will be considered as better fine motor skill performance.
12 months

Medewerkers en onderzoekers

Hier vindt u mensen en organisaties die betrokken zijn bij dit onderzoek.

Sponsor

Nigde Omer Halisdemir University

Onderzoekers

  • Hoofdonderzoeker: Rabia ZORLULAR, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University

Publicaties en nuttige links

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Algemene publicaties

Studie record data

Deze datums volgen de voortgang van het onderzoeksdossier en de samenvatting van de ingediende resultaten bij ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieverslagen en gerapporteerde resultaten worden beoordeeld door de National Library of Medicine (NLM) om er zeker van te zijn dat ze voldoen aan specifieke kwaliteitscontrolenormen voordat ze op de openbare website worden geplaatst.

Bestudeer belangrijke data

Studie start (Geschat)

1 juli 2026

Primaire voltooiing (Geschat)

1 juli 2027

Studie voltooiing (Geschat)

1 juli 2027

Studieregistratiedata

Eerst ingediend

30 mei 2026

Eerst ingediend dat voldeed aan de QC-criteria

30 mei 2026

Eerst geplaatst (Werkelijk)

4 juni 2026

Updates van studierecords

Laatste update geplaatst (Werkelijk)

4 juni 2026

Laatste update ingediend die voldeed aan QC-criteria

30 mei 2026

Laatst geverifieerd

1 mei 2026

Meer informatie

Termen gerelateerd aan deze studie

Trefwoorden

Aanvullende relevante MeSH-voorwaarden

Andere studie-ID-nummers

  • Androgen and Skills

Plan Individuele Deelnemersgegevens (IPD)

Bent u van plan om gegevens van individuele deelnemers (IPD) te delen?

NEE

Informatie over medicijnen en apparaten, studiedocumenten

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd geneesmiddel

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Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd apparaatproduct

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