Activation of Opioid Receptors Attenuates Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Skeletal Muscle Induced by Tourniquet Placement
Yue-Xian Guo, Gui-Ying Wang, Wen-Jie Cheng, Cai-Zhen Yan, Shuang Zhao, Zhao Li, Peng Liu, Xiu-Li Wang, Yue-Xian Guo, Gui-Ying Wang, Wen-Jie Cheng, Cai-Zhen Yan, Shuang Zhao, Zhao Li, Peng Liu, Xiu-Li Wang
Abstract
Method: Mice were randomly assigned to the sham, I/R, Oxy, and I/R with Oxy groups. Oxy was injected intraperitoneally 30 min before tourniquet placement. Morphological changes of the gastrocnemius muscle in these mice were assessed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and electron microscopy. Expression levels of TLR4, NF-κB, SIRT1, and PGC-1α in the skeletal muscles were detected by western blot. Blood TNF-α levels, gastrocnemius muscle contractile force, and ATP concentration were examined.
Results: Compared with the I/R group, Oxy pretreatment attenuated skeletal muscle damage, decreased serum TNF-α levels, and inhibited the expression levels of TLR4/NF-κB in the gastrocnemius muscle. Furthermore, Oxy treatment significantly increased serum ATP levels and the contractility of the skeletal muscles. SIRT1 and PGC-1α levels were significantly reduced in gastrocnemius muscle after I/R. Oxy pretreatment recovered these protein expression levels.
Conclusion: Tourniquet-induced acute limb I/R results in morphological and functional impairment in skeletal muscle. Pretreatment with Oxy attenuates skeletal muscle from acute I/R injury through inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB-dependent inflammatory response and protects SIRT1/PGC-1α-dependent mitochondrial function.
Conflict of interest statement
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article.
Copyright © 2021 Yue-Xian Guo et al.
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