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Effects of Multi-component Exercise on Physical Performance and Sleep Quality in Older Adults

16 juli 2026 bijgewerkt door: Yi-Ling Tseng, Tunghai University

Effects of a Multi-component Group Exercise Program on Physical Performance and Sleep Quality in Older Adults: A Quasi-Experimental Study

This quasi-experimental study evaluated the effects of an 8-week multi-component group exercise program on physical performance and sleep quality among community-dwelling older adults in Taiwan. Participants were recruited from four community care sites in central Taiwan. The intervention group participated in a structured exercise program consisting of aerobic, resistance, balance, and flexibility training conducted at a university-affiliated senior fitness club, while the control group maintained their usual community activities.

Primary outcomes included physical performance and sleep quality. Physical performance was assessed using gait speed, chair stand, arm curl, grip strength, balance, and walking tests. Sleep quality was measured using the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (CPSQI). Heart rate recovery was evaluated as a secondary outcome. Pre- and post-intervention assessments were conducted to determine the effectiveness of the intervention.

Studie Overzicht

Toestand

Voltooid

Conditie

Interventie / Behandeling

Gedetailleerde beschrijving

Population ageing increases the importance of interventions that promote healthy ageing and prevent functional decline. Exercise interventions have demonstrated benefits for mobility, muscular strength, balance, cardiovascular health, and quality of life in older adults. However, evidence regarding structured multi-component exercise programs integrated with senior-friendly smart fitness equipment and their effects on sleep quality remains limited.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of an 8-week multi-component group exercise program on physical performance and sleep quality in community-dwelling older adults in Taiwan. The intervention was designed according to the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) recommendations for older adults and incorporated aerobic exercise, resistance training, balance training, and flexibility exercises.

Participants in the intervention group attended weekly 100-minute exercise sessions consisting of warm-up activities, whole-body vibration training, treadmill or stationary bicycle aerobic exercise, hydraulic-based isokinetic resistance training, and cool-down exercises. Exercise intensity was monitored using heart rate and session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE). The control group maintained their regular community activities without structured exercise intervention.

The primary outcomes were changes in physical performance and sleep quality. Secondary outcomes included heart rate recovery as an indicator of cardiovascular fitness. This study provides evidence regarding the feasibility and effectiveness of community-based multi-component exercise programs for older adults.

Studietype

Ingrijpend

Inschrijving (Werkelijk)

80

Fase

  • Niet toepasbaar

Contacten en locaties

In dit gedeelte vindt u de contactgegevens van degenen die het onderzoek uitvoeren en informatie over waar dit onderzoek wordt uitgevoerd.

Studie Locaties

  • Taiwan
      • Taichung, Taiwan, 407224
        • Tunghai University

Deelname Criteria

Onderzoekers zoeken naar mensen die aan een bepaalde beschrijving voldoen, de zogenaamde geschiktheidscriteria. Enkele voorbeelden van deze criteria zijn iemands algemene gezondheidstoestand of eerdere behandelingen.

Geschiktheidscriteria

Leeftijden die in aanmerking komen voor studie

  • Oudere volwassene

Accepteert gezonde vrijwilligers

Ja

Beschrijving

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Community-dwelling older adults aged 65 to 90 years.
  • Able to communicate in Mandarin or Taiwanese.
  • Able to participate in exercise activities.
  • Provided written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Contraindications to exercise, including recent myocardial infarction, acute cardiovascular events, acute infection, or renal disease symptoms.
  • Use of ambulatory assistive devices.
  • Regular physical activity exceeding 150 minutes per week.
  • Positive responses indicating elevated exercise risk on the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q).

Studie plan

Dit gedeelte bevat details van het studieplan, inclusief hoe de studie is opgezet en wat de studie meet.

Hoe is de studie opgezet?

Ontwerpdetails

  • Primair doel: Onderzoek naar gezondheidsdiensten
  • Toewijzing: Niet-gerandomiseerd
  • Interventioneel model: Parallelle opdracht
  • Masker: Geen (open label)

Wapens en interventies

Deelnemersgroep / Arm
Interventie / Behandeling
Experimenteel: an 8-week multi-component group exercise program
Participants attended weekly 100-minute supervised exercise sessions including warm-up stretching, aerobic exercise using treadmills and stationary bicycles, whole-body vibration training, resistance exercise using hydraulic isokinetic equipment, and cool-down activities. Exercise intensity was monitored using heart rate and perceived exertion.
Gedragsmatig: Multi-component Group Exercise Program
Participants attended weekly 100-minute supervised exercise sessions including warm-up stretching, aerobic exercise using treadmills and stationary bicycles, whole-body vibration training, resistance exercise using hydraulic isokinetic equipment, and cool-down activities. Exercise intensity was monitored using heart rate and perceived exertion.
Andere namen:
  • Oefening
Geen tussenkomst: Routine community activities
Control Group: Participants continued their routine community activities without participating in the structured exercise intervention.

Wat meet het onderzoek?

Primaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Chair Stand Test
Tijdsspanne: Baseline and week 8
The Chair Stand Test assesses lower-body muscle strength by measuring the time required for participants to complete five chair stands consecutively with arms crossed over the chest.
Baseline and week 8
30-second Arm Curl Test
Tijdsspanne: baseline and week 8
The 30-second Arm Curl Test assesses upper-body muscle endurance by counting the number of arm curls completed within 30 seconds using a dumbbell weighing 2.27 kg for women and 3.63 kg for men.
baseline and week 8
Grip Strength Test
Tijdsspanne: baseline and week 8
The Grip Strength Test assesses hand muscle strength using a hand dynamometer. Participants perform maximal grip force with the dominant hand, and the measured force is recorded in kilograms.
baseline and week 8
Side-by-Side Stand Test
Tijdsspanne: baseline and week 8
The Side-by-Side Stand Test assesses static balance by measuring the participant's ability to maintain a side-by-side standing position without assistance.
baseline and week 8
Tandem Stand Test
Tijdsspanne: baseline and week 8
The Tandem Stand Test assesses static balance by measuring the length of time participants can maintain a heel-to-toe standing position, up to a maximum of 10 seconds.
baseline and week 8
2.44-meter Timed Walk Test
Tijdsspanne: baseline and week 8
The 2.44-meter Timed Walk Test assesses mobility and dynamic balance by recording the time required for participants to stand up from a seated position, walk 2.44 meters around a cone, and return to the chair.
baseline and week 8
Time to Walk 4 Meters
Tijdsspanne: Baseline and week 8
Time required to walk 4 meters at usual pace. Gait speed is expressed in meters per second (m/s).
Baseline and week 8
Sleep Quality
Tijdsspanne: Baseline and week 8
Sleep quality was assessed with the Chinese version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (CPSQI), a validated translation of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). It includes nine self-reported items scored across seven domains: subjective sleep quality, latency, duration, habitual efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleep medication, and daytime dysfunction, all assessed over the past month. Scores range from 0 to 21, with scores greater than 5 indicating poor sleep quality.
Baseline and week 8

Secundaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Heart Rate Recovery
Tijdsspanne: Week 1 and Week 8
Heart rate recovery (HRR) was assessed two minutes after treadmill exercise and defined as the difference between heart rate immediately post-exercise and at two minutes recovery.
Week 1 and Week 8

Medewerkers en onderzoekers

Hier vindt u mensen en organisaties die betrokken zijn bij dit onderzoek.

Sponsor

Tunghai University

Medewerkers

Ministry of Education, Taiwan

Onderzoekers

  • Hoofdonderzoeker: Yi-Ling Tseng, MSN, Tunghai University

Publicaties en nuttige links

De persoon die verantwoordelijk is voor het invoeren van informatie over het onderzoek stelt deze publicaties vrijwillig ter beschikking. Dit kan gaan over alles wat met het onderzoek te maken heeft.

Algemene publicaties

Studie record data

Deze datums volgen de voortgang van het onderzoeksdossier en de samenvatting van de ingediende resultaten bij ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieverslagen en gerapporteerde resultaten worden beoordeeld door de National Library of Medicine (NLM) om er zeker van te zijn dat ze voldoen aan specifieke kwaliteitscontrolenormen voordat ze op de openbare website worden geplaatst.

Bestudeer belangrijke data

Studie start (Werkelijk)

29 mei 2024

Primaire voltooiing (Werkelijk)

19 december 2024

Studie voltooiing (Werkelijk)

18 mei 2025

Studieregistratiedata

Eerst ingediend

12 mei 2026

Eerst ingediend dat voldeed aan de QC-criteria

18 mei 2026

Eerst geplaatst (Werkelijk)

20 mei 2026

Updates van studierecords

Laatste update geplaatst (Werkelijk)

10 augustus 2026

Laatste update ingediend die voldeed aan QC-criteria

16 juli 2026

Laatst geverifieerd

1 juli 2026

Meer informatie

Termen gerelateerd aan deze studie

Trefwoorden

Aanvullende relevante MeSH-voorwaarden

Andere studie-ID-nummers

  • CS1-24033

Plan Individuele Deelnemersgegevens (IPD)

Bent u van plan om gegevens van individuele deelnemers (IPD) te delen?

NEE

Informatie over medicijnen en apparaten, studiedocumenten

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd geneesmiddel

Nee

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd apparaatproduct

Nee

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