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Reliability and Concordance of 15-metre (15-m) Sprint Performance on Sand and Firm Surfaces

9. juni 2026 oppdatert av: Édison Andrés Pérez Bedoya, Federal University of Vicosa

Within-Session and Between-Day Reliability of the 15-metre (15-m) Sprint on Sand and Firm Surfaces, and Concordance Between Conditions, in Male Beach-Sport Athletes

This observational repeated-measures methodological study evaluated the reliability and agreement of a 15-m linear sprint test performed on sand and firm surfaces in male beach-sport athletes. Participants completed three maximal sprint attempts on each surface during up to two testing sessions conducted on separate days.

The study examined trial-to-trial reliability within each session, stability between testing days, and concordance between sprint times obtained on sand and firm surfaces. No therapeutic or training intervention was administered. Sand and firm surfaces were used exclusively as assessment conditions.

Studieoversikt

Status

Fullført

Forhold

Detaljert beskrivelse

Male athletes participating in beach soccer, beach volleyball, or beach handball completed three maximal 15-m linear sprint attempts on both sand and firm surfaces. Each attempt was performed from a standardised standing start, with at least two minutes of passive recovery between attempts.

Testing comprised up to two sessions per participant on separate days. The order of the surface conditions was counterbalanced to reduce potential order and fatigue effects. Participants who attended two sessions completed the surfaces in the opposite order during the second session.

The primary measured variable was 15-m sprint time in seconds. The arithmetic mean of the three attempts and the fastest individual attempt were calculated for each surface and session. Within-session and between-day reliability were evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients, coefficients of variation, standard errors of measurement, typical errors, and minimal detectable changes. Agreement between sand and firm-surface measurements was assessed using Lin's concordance correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman analysis.

Studietype

Observasjonsmessig

Registrering (Faktiske)

16

Kontakter og plasseringer

Denne delen inneholder kontaktinformasjon for de som utfører studien, og informasjon om hvor denne studien blir utført.

Studiesteder

  • Colombia
    • Antioquia
      • Guarne, Antioquia, Colombia, 054080
        • Universidad de Antioquia

Deltakelseskriterier

Forskere ser etter personer som passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kalt kvalifikasjonskriterier. Noen eksempler på disse kriteriene er en persons generelle helsetilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Kvalifikasjonskriterier

Alder som er kvalifisert for studier

  • Voksen
  • Eldre voksen

Tar imot friske frivillige

Ja

Prøvetakingsmetode

Ikke-sannsynlighetsprøve

Studiepopulasjon

The study population consisted of male athletes participating in beach soccer, beach volleyball, or beach handball in Antioquia, Colombia. Participants were recruited using convenience sampling based on their availability during the data-collection period. Eligible athletes had completed at least six months of regular beach-sport training. Athletes with a musculoskeletal injury during the preceding six weeks, an acute illness during the preceding seven days, or who were unable to complete at least one full testing session were excluded.

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria

  • Male athlete participating in beach soccer, beach volleyball, or beach handball.
  • Minimum of six months of regular beach-sport training.
  • Able to complete maximal 15-m sprint assessments on sand and firm surfaces.
  • Provision of written informed consent before participation.

Exclusion Criteria

  • Musculoskeletal injury during the six weeks preceding testing.
  • Acute illness during the seven days preceding testing.
  • Failure to complete at least one full testing session.

Studieplan

Denne delen gir detaljer om studieplanen, inkludert hvordan studien er utformet og hva studien måler.

Hvordan er studiet utformet?

Designdetaljer

Kohorter og intervensjoner

Gruppe / Kohort
Male Beach-Sport Athletes
Sixteen male athletes participating in beach soccer, beach volleyball, or beach handball completed repeated 15-m sprint assessments on both sand and firm surfaces. Each participant performed three maximal sprint attempts per surface during each completed testing session. Ten participants completed two sessions on separate days, and six participants completed one session. No therapeutic or training intervention was administered; sand and firm surfaces were used exclusively as repeated assessment conditions to evaluate sprint-test reliability and between-surface concordance.

Hva måler studien?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Tiltaksbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Mean 15-m Sprint Time on Sand and Firm Surfaces
Tidsramme: During up to two testing sessions, each lasting approximately 45 minutes, conducted on separate days within one week.
Time, measured in seconds, required to complete a maximal 15-metre linear sprint. For each surface and testing session, the outcome was calculated as the arithmetic mean of three maximal sprint attempts. For the between-surface analysis, one participant-level value per surface was derived by averaging session means for participants who completed two sessions or by using the single available session for participants who completed one session.
During up to two testing sessions, each lasting approximately 45 minutes, conducted on separate days within one week.

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Tiltaksbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Within-Session Reliability of 15-m Sprint Time
Tidsramme: Across the three sprint attempts performed during each surface condition within a single testing session (45 minutes).
Trial-to-trial reliability of the three sprint attempts performed on each surface within each testing session, quantified using the absolute-agreement intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC(A,1)], coefficient of variation, standard error of measurement, typical error, and 95% minimal detectable change.
Across the three sprint attempts performed during each surface condition within a single testing session (45 minutes).
Between-Day Reliability of 15-m Sprint Time
Tidsramme: Across two testing sessions conducted on separate days within one week (each of 45 minutes).
Stability of mean sprint time between two testing sessions conducted on separate days, quantified using the absolute-agreement intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC(A,1)], coefficient of variation, standard error of measurement, typical error, and 95% minimal detectable change.
Across two testing sessions conducted on separate days within one week (each of 45 minutes).
Concordance Between Sand and Firm-Surface Sprint Times
Tidsramme: Participant-level measurements derived from up to two testing sessions conducted within one week (each of 45 minutes).
Agreement between participant-level mean 15-m sprint times obtained on sand and firm surfaces, evaluated using Lin's concordance correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman systematic bias and 95% limits of agreement.
Participant-level measurements derived from up to two testing sessions conducted within one week (each of 45 minutes).
Best 15-m Sprint Time on Sand and Firm Surfaces
Tidsramme: During up to two testing sessions, each lasting approximately 45 minutes, conducted on separate days within one week.
Fastest time, measured in seconds, recorded from the three maximal 15-metre sprint attempts performed on each surface during each testing session.
During up to two testing sessions, each lasting approximately 45 minutes, conducted on separate days within one week.

Samarbeidspartnere og etterforskere

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Sponsor

Federal University of Vicosa

Publikasjoner og nyttige lenker

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Generelle publikasjoner

Studierekorddatoer

Disse datoene sporer fremdriften for innsending av studieposter og sammendragsresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieposter og rapporterte resultater gjennomgås av National Library of Medicine (NLM) for å sikre at de oppfyller spesifikke kvalitetskontrollstandarder før de legges ut på det offentlige nettstedet.

Studer hoveddatoer

Studiestart (Faktiske)

1. mars 2026

Primær fullføring (Faktiske)

15. mars 2026

Studiet fullført (Faktiske)

15. mars 2026

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først innsendt

5. juni 2026

Først innsendt som oppfylte QC-kriteriene

5. juni 2026

Først lagt ut (Faktiske)

10. juni 2026

Oppdateringer av studieposter

Sist oppdatering lagt ut (Faktiske)

11. juni 2026

Siste oppdatering sendt inn som oppfylte QC-kriteriene

9. juni 2026

Sist bekreftet

1. juni 2026

Mer informasjon

Begreper knyttet til denne studien

Nøkkelord

Andre studie-ID-numre

  • SANDSPRINT-OBS-01

Plan for individuelle deltakerdata (IPD)

Planlegger du å dele individuelle deltakerdata (IPD)?

JA

IPD-planbeskrivelse

De-identified individual participant data underlying the results reported in the publication may be shared upon reasonable request. Requests will be evaluated by the principal investigator and the responsible institution, considering the scientific purpose of the proposed use, participant confidentiality, ethical requirements, and compliance with applicable data-protection regulations. Data will be provided only after approval of the request and completion of an appropriate data-use agreement.

IPD-delingstidsramme

Data may be made available beginning after publication of the primary study results and will remain available for five years.

Tilgangskriterier for IPD-deling

Researchers who submit a methodologically sound proposal may request access to the de-identified data. Requests must describe the research objectives, planned analyses, data-security procedures, and intended outputs. Access will be subject to approval by the principal investigator and the responsible institution, as well as completion of a data-use agreement.

IPD-deling Støtteinformasjonstype

  • SEVJE
  • ANALYTIC_CODE

Legemiddel- og utstyrsinformasjon, studiedokumenter

Studerer et amerikansk FDA-regulert medikamentprodukt

Nei

Studerer et amerikansk FDA-regulert enhetsprodukt

Nei

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