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Reliability and Concordance of 15-metre (15-m) Sprint Performance on Sand and Firm Surfaces

9 juni 2026 uppdaterad av: Édison Andrés Pérez Bedoya, Federal University of Vicosa

Within-Session and Between-Day Reliability of the 15-metre (15-m) Sprint on Sand and Firm Surfaces, and Concordance Between Conditions, in Male Beach-Sport Athletes

This observational repeated-measures methodological study evaluated the reliability and agreement of a 15-m linear sprint test performed on sand and firm surfaces in male beach-sport athletes. Participants completed three maximal sprint attempts on each surface during up to two testing sessions conducted on separate days.

The study examined trial-to-trial reliability within each session, stability between testing days, and concordance between sprint times obtained on sand and firm surfaces. No therapeutic or training intervention was administered. Sand and firm surfaces were used exclusively as assessment conditions.

Studieöversikt

Status

Avslutad

Betingelser

Detaljerad beskrivning

Male athletes participating in beach soccer, beach volleyball, or beach handball completed three maximal 15-m linear sprint attempts on both sand and firm surfaces. Each attempt was performed from a standardised standing start, with at least two minutes of passive recovery between attempts.

Testing comprised up to two sessions per participant on separate days. The order of the surface conditions was counterbalanced to reduce potential order and fatigue effects. Participants who attended two sessions completed the surfaces in the opposite order during the second session.

The primary measured variable was 15-m sprint time in seconds. The arithmetic mean of the three attempts and the fastest individual attempt were calculated for each surface and session. Within-session and between-day reliability were evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients, coefficients of variation, standard errors of measurement, typical errors, and minimal detectable changes. Agreement between sand and firm-surface measurements was assessed using Lin's concordance correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman analysis.

Studietyp

Observationell

Inskrivning (Faktisk)

16

Kontakter och platser

Det här avsnittet innehåller kontaktuppgifter för dem som genomför studien och information om var denna studie genomförs.

Studieorter

  • Colombia
    • Antioquia
      • Guarne, Antioquia, Colombia, 054080
        • Universidad de Antioquia

Deltagandekriterier

Forskare letar efter personer som passar en viss beskrivning, så kallade behörighetskriterier. Några exempel på dessa kriterier är en persons allmänna hälsotillstånd eller tidigare behandlingar.

Urvalskriterier

Åldrar som är berättigade till studier

  • Vuxen
  • Äldre vuxen

Tar emot friska volontärer

Ja

Testmetod

Icke-sannolikhetsprov

Studera befolkning

The study population consisted of male athletes participating in beach soccer, beach volleyball, or beach handball in Antioquia, Colombia. Participants were recruited using convenience sampling based on their availability during the data-collection period. Eligible athletes had completed at least six months of regular beach-sport training. Athletes with a musculoskeletal injury during the preceding six weeks, an acute illness during the preceding seven days, or who were unable to complete at least one full testing session were excluded.

Beskrivning

Inclusion Criteria

  • Male athlete participating in beach soccer, beach volleyball, or beach handball.
  • Minimum of six months of regular beach-sport training.
  • Able to complete maximal 15-m sprint assessments on sand and firm surfaces.
  • Provision of written informed consent before participation.

Exclusion Criteria

  • Musculoskeletal injury during the six weeks preceding testing.
  • Acute illness during the seven days preceding testing.
  • Failure to complete at least one full testing session.

Studieplan

Det här avsnittet ger detaljer om studieplanen, inklusive hur studien är utformad och vad studien mäter.

Hur är studien utformad?

Designdetaljer

Kohorter och interventioner

Grupp / Kohort
Male Beach-Sport Athletes
Sixteen male athletes participating in beach soccer, beach volleyball, or beach handball completed repeated 15-m sprint assessments on both sand and firm surfaces. Each participant performed three maximal sprint attempts per surface during each completed testing session. Ten participants completed two sessions on separate days, and six participants completed one session. No therapeutic or training intervention was administered; sand and firm surfaces were used exclusively as repeated assessment conditions to evaluate sprint-test reliability and between-surface concordance.

Vad mäter studien?

Primära resultatmått

Resultatmått
Åtgärdsbeskrivning
Tidsram
Mean 15-m Sprint Time on Sand and Firm Surfaces
Tidsram: During up to two testing sessions, each lasting approximately 45 minutes, conducted on separate days within one week.
Time, measured in seconds, required to complete a maximal 15-metre linear sprint. For each surface and testing session, the outcome was calculated as the arithmetic mean of three maximal sprint attempts. For the between-surface analysis, one participant-level value per surface was derived by averaging session means for participants who completed two sessions or by using the single available session for participants who completed one session.
During up to two testing sessions, each lasting approximately 45 minutes, conducted on separate days within one week.

Sekundära resultatmått

Resultatmått
Åtgärdsbeskrivning
Tidsram
Within-Session Reliability of 15-m Sprint Time
Tidsram: Across the three sprint attempts performed during each surface condition within a single testing session (45 minutes).
Trial-to-trial reliability of the three sprint attempts performed on each surface within each testing session, quantified using the absolute-agreement intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC(A,1)], coefficient of variation, standard error of measurement, typical error, and 95% minimal detectable change.
Across the three sprint attempts performed during each surface condition within a single testing session (45 minutes).
Between-Day Reliability of 15-m Sprint Time
Tidsram: Across two testing sessions conducted on separate days within one week (each of 45 minutes).
Stability of mean sprint time between two testing sessions conducted on separate days, quantified using the absolute-agreement intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC(A,1)], coefficient of variation, standard error of measurement, typical error, and 95% minimal detectable change.
Across two testing sessions conducted on separate days within one week (each of 45 minutes).
Concordance Between Sand and Firm-Surface Sprint Times
Tidsram: Participant-level measurements derived from up to two testing sessions conducted within one week (each of 45 minutes).
Agreement between participant-level mean 15-m sprint times obtained on sand and firm surfaces, evaluated using Lin's concordance correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman systematic bias and 95% limits of agreement.
Participant-level measurements derived from up to two testing sessions conducted within one week (each of 45 minutes).
Best 15-m Sprint Time on Sand and Firm Surfaces
Tidsram: During up to two testing sessions, each lasting approximately 45 minutes, conducted on separate days within one week.
Fastest time, measured in seconds, recorded from the three maximal 15-metre sprint attempts performed on each surface during each testing session.
During up to two testing sessions, each lasting approximately 45 minutes, conducted on separate days within one week.

Samarbetspartners och utredare

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Sponsor

Federal University of Vicosa

Publikationer och användbara länkar

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Allmänna publikationer

Studieavstämningsdatum

Dessa datum spårar framstegen för inlämningar av studieposter och sammanfattande resultat till ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieposter och rapporterade resultat granskas av National Library of Medicine (NLM) för att säkerställa att de uppfyller specifika kvalitetskontrollstandarder innan de publiceras på den offentliga webbplatsen.

Studera stora datum

Studiestart (Faktisk)

1 mars 2026

Primärt slutförande (Faktisk)

15 mars 2026

Avslutad studie (Faktisk)

15 mars 2026

Studieregistreringsdatum

Först inskickad

5 juni 2026

Först inskickad som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna

5 juni 2026

Första postat (Faktisk)

10 juni 2026

Uppdateringar av studier

Senaste uppdatering publicerad (Faktisk)

11 juni 2026

Senaste inskickade uppdateringen som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna

9 juni 2026

Senast verifierad

1 juni 2026

Mer information

Termer relaterade till denna studie

Nyckelord

Andra studie-ID-nummer

  • SANDSPRINT-OBS-01

Plan för individuella deltagardata (IPD)

Planerar du att dela individuella deltagardata (IPD)?

JA

IPD-planbeskrivning

De-identified individual participant data underlying the results reported in the publication may be shared upon reasonable request. Requests will be evaluated by the principal investigator and the responsible institution, considering the scientific purpose of the proposed use, participant confidentiality, ethical requirements, and compliance with applicable data-protection regulations. Data will be provided only after approval of the request and completion of an appropriate data-use agreement.

Tidsram för IPD-delning

Data may be made available beginning after publication of the primary study results and will remain available for five years.

Kriterier för IPD Sharing Access

Researchers who submit a methodologically sound proposal may request access to the de-identified data. Requests must describe the research objectives, planned analyses, data-security procedures, and intended outputs. Access will be subject to approval by the principal investigator and the responsible institution, as well as completion of a data-use agreement.

IPD-delning som stöder informationstyp

  • SAV
  • ANALYTIC_CODE

Läkemedels- och apparatinformation, studiedokument

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Nej

Studerar en amerikansk FDA-reglerad produktprodukt

Nej

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