Adjunctive Oral Probiotics in Endodontic Retreatment: Effects on Postoperative Pain and RANKL/OPG Levels (RANKL/OPG)
1 juli 2026 uppdaterad av: Amina Mamdouh Badawy, Ain Shams University
The Effect of Systemic Administration of Probiotics and Intra-Canal Medications on Level of Nuclear Factor Kappa B Ligand, Osteoprotegerin and Postoperative Pain in Patients With Chronic Apical Periodontitis: (Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial)
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of oral administration of probiotics as an adjunctive treatment to local intracanal medicaments, namely propolis and calcium hydroxide or empty canal, on the levels of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG), as well as on postoperative pain following root canal retreatment of teeth with chronic apical periodontitis
Studieöversikt
Status
Avslutad
Betingelser
Detaljerad beskrivning
Post-treatment chronic apical periodontitis is an inflammatory condition caused by persistent microbial infection within the root canal system, characterized by progressive periapical bone destruction mediated by host immune-inflammatory mechanisms. Root canal retreatment remains the treatment of choice for failed endodontic cases; however, postoperative pain and incomplete resolution of inflammatory mediators remain common concerns. Clinical evidence demonstrates that postoperative pain following endodontic retreatment is influenced by microbial persistence, host inflammatory response, and intracanal medication protocols.
The RANK/RANKL/OPG axis is a key regulator of osteoclastic activity and periapical bone resorption. Elevated RANKL levels and altered RANKL/OPG ratio are associated with active periapical bone destruction. Modulation of this pathway may improve healing outcomes. Recent studies suggest that probiotics can regulate immune response, reduce inflammatory cytokines, and decrease RANKL expression.
This randomized clinical trial includes patients diagnosed with previously root-filled teeth presenting with chronic apical periodontitis indicated for non-surgical retreatment.
Standardized retreatment procedures are performed under aseptic conditions. Periapical exudate samples collected for biochemical analysis of RANKL and OPG levels at predetermined time points. Postoperative pain is assessed to investigate whether systemic probiotic administration can act as a host-modulating adjunct in endodontic retreatment and improve both symptomatic and biological healing outcomes.
Studietyp
Interventionell
Inskrivning (Faktisk)
72
Fas
- Fas 4
Kontakter och platser
Det här avsnittet innehåller kontaktuppgifter för dem som genomför studien och information om var denna studie genomförs.
Studieorter
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Cairo Governorate
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Cairo, Cairo Governorate, Egypten, 11566
- Faculty of dentistry, Ain shams university
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Deltagandekriterier
Forskare letar efter personer som passar en viss beskrivning, så kallade behörighetskriterier. Några exempel på dessa kriterier är en persons allmänna hälsotillstånd eller tidigare behandlingar.
Urvalskriterier
Åldrar som är berättigade till studier
- Vuxen
Tar emot friska volontärer
Nej
Beskrivning
Inclusion Criteria:
- Previously treated failed single rooted teeth with chronic apical periodontitis.
- No use of antibiotic three months before treatment.
- Patients are free of any systemic disease.
- Positive patient acceptance for participation
Exclusion Criteria:
- Teeth that are badly broken down with difficult isolation.
- Signs of acute infection, root fracture, root surface caries, swellings or ankylosis
- Periodontally affected teeth with pockets deeper than 4mm.
- Pregnant or lactating woman.
- Patients who needs any prophylactic antibiotic.
- Patients with allergy to pollen.
Studieplan
Det här avsnittet ger detaljer om studieplanen, inklusive hur studien är utformad och vad studien mäter.
Hur är studien utformad?
Designdetaljer
- Primärt syfte: Behandling
- Tilldelning: Randomiserad
- Interventionsmodell: Parallellt uppdrag
- Maskning: Dubbel
Vapen och interventioner
Deltagargrupp / Arm |
Intervention / Behandling |
|---|---|
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Experimentell: Oral probiotics + Local Ca(OH)2 ICM
Following endodontic retreatment, calcium hydroxide placed as an intracanal medicament .
Participants receive Linex Adult® (oral probiotics: Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium animalis ), one capsule daily for 21 days.
|
Linex Adult® is an oral probiotic formulation containing Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium animalis, It is administered as one capsule once daily for 21 days.
Andra namn:
Intracanal medication kept for 21 days
Andra namn:
|
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Experimentell: Oral probiotics + Local Propolis ICM
Following endodontic retreatment, propolis placed as an intracanal medicament.
Participants receive Linex Adult® (oral probiotics: Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium animalis), one capsule daily for 21 days.
|
Linex Adult® is an oral probiotic formulation containing Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium animalis, It is administered as one capsule once daily for 21 days.
Andra namn:
Intracanal medication kept for 21 days
Andra namn:
|
|
Experimentell: Oral probiotics + Empty canal
Following endodontic retreatment, the canal was left empty without intracanal medicament.
Participants received Linex Adult® (oral probiotics: Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium animalis), one capsule daily for 21 days.
|
Linex Adult® is an oral probiotic formulation containing Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium animalis, It is administered as one capsule once daily for 21 days.
Andra namn:
Empty canal for 21 days
Andra namn:
|
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Aktiv komparator: Oral placebo + Local Ca(OH)2 ICM
Following endodontic retreatment, Ca(OH)2 was placed as an intracanal medicament.
Participants received placebo, one capsule daily for 21 days
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Intracanal medication kept for 21 days
Andra namn:
Placebo capsule for 21 days
Andra namn:
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Aktiv komparator: Oral placebo+ Local propolis ICM
Following endodontic retreatment, propolis was placed as an intracanal medicament.
Participants received placebo, one capsule daily for 21 days
|
Intracanal medication kept for 21 days
Andra namn:
Placebo capsule for 21 days
Andra namn:
|
|
Placebo-jämförare: Oral placebo + Empty canal
Following endodontic retreatment, the canal was left empty without intracanal medicament.
Participants received Linex Adult® (oral probiotics: Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium animalis), one capsule daily for 21 days.
|
Empty canal for 21 days
Andra namn:
Placebo capsule for 21 days
Andra namn:
|
Vad mäter studien?
Primära resultatmått
Resultatmått |
Åtgärdsbeskrivning |
Tidsram |
|---|---|---|
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The effect on RANKL and OPG levels in teeth with chronic apical periodontitis.
Tidsram: (S1) measured in the first visit Immediately post-instrumentation and before ICM placement or oral supplement administration. (S2) After 21 days, immediately after removal of ICM and before obturation.
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Level of RANKL and OPG measured with periapical samples (S1) and (S2) and analysed using ELISA test
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(S1) measured in the first visit Immediately post-instrumentation and before ICM placement or oral supplement administration. (S2) After 21 days, immediately after removal of ICM and before obturation.
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Sekundära resultatmått
Resultatmått |
Åtgärdsbeskrivning |
Tidsram |
|---|---|---|
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The effect on postoperative pain.
Tidsram: Inter-appointment pain: baseline (start of the first visit), 4, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours, and Week 1 and Week 2 after the first visit. Post-obturation pain: baseline (start of the second visit), 4, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours after obturation.
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Pain level measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst possible pain), to evaluate inter-appointment pain between the first and second retreatment visits and post-obturation pain after the second retreatment visit and root canal obturation.
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Inter-appointment pain: baseline (start of the first visit), 4, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours, and Week 1 and Week 2 after the first visit. Post-obturation pain: baseline (start of the second visit), 4, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours after obturation.
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Samarbetspartners och utredare
Det är här du hittar personer och organisationer som är involverade i denna studie.
Sponsor
Utredare
- Studierektor: Abeer A.Elhakim El Gendy, PHD, Professor of Endodontics, AinShams university
Publikationer och användbara länkar
Den som ansvarar för att lägga in information om studien tillhandahåller frivilligt dessa publikationer. Dessa kan handla om allt som har med studien att göra.
Studieavstämningsdatum
Dessa datum spårar framstegen för inlämningar av studieposter och sammanfattande resultat till ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieposter och rapporterade resultat granskas av National Library of Medicine (NLM) för att säkerställa att de uppfyller specifika kvalitetskontrollstandarder innan de publiceras på den offentliga webbplatsen.
Studera stora datum
Studiestart (Faktisk)
4 oktober 2025
Primärt slutförande (Faktisk)
4 juni 2026
Avslutad studie (Faktisk)
20 juni 2026
Studieregistreringsdatum
Först inskickad
26 juni 2026
Först inskickad som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna
1 juli 2026
Första postat (Faktisk)
6 juli 2026
Uppdateringar av studier
Senaste uppdatering publicerad (Faktisk)
6 juli 2026
Senaste inskickade uppdateringen som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna
1 juli 2026
Senast verifierad
1 juli 2026
Mer information
Termer relaterade till denna studie
Ytterligare relevanta MeSH-villkor
Andra studie-ID-nummer
- END 20-15 P
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