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Smartphone-Based Digital Literacy Training for Older Adults

8 juli 2026 uppdaterad av: Barış Kılıç, Akdeniz University

Smartphone-based Digital Literacy Training for Older Adults in a Lifelong-learning Setting: a Nonrandomised Wait-list-controlled Study With 3-month Follow-up

This study examined whether a structured, classroom-based smartphone training programme can improve digital literacy and confidence in using a smartphone among adults aged 60 years and older enrolled in a lifelong-learning programme. The study used a non-randomised, wait-list-controlled design with two existing class cohorts: one cohort received the training first (intervention group), and the other continued with its usual programme activities and served as a comparison (wait-list control group). Digital literacy and smartphone self-efficacy were measured before the training, immediately after the training, and again three months later. The aim was to determine whether older adults who took part in the training showed greater improvement than those who did not.

Studieöversikt

Status

Avslutad

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljerad beskrivning

The training programme consisted of 12 sessions delivered over 6 weeks (two sessions per week, each lasting 90 to 105 minutes). Content was mapped to the DigComp 2.2 digital competence framework and covered practical smartphone skills for everyday life. Sessions used participants' own Android smartphones together with a projector for demonstration, a class messaging group for support, and between-session practice tasks. The intervention arm comprised the advanced-level cohort of the Akdeniz University 60+ Refresher (Tazelenme) University, and the wait-list control arm comprised the second-year cohort of the same programme.

Two instruments were used. Digital literacy was assessed with the Digital Literacy Scale (score range 12 to 60), the primary outcome. Smartphone self-efficacy was assessed with the Smartphone Self-Efficacy Scale (score range 20 to 100), a secondary outcome. Both were administered at baseline (T1), immediately after the intervention (T2), and at three-month follow-up (T3). Programme satisfaction was assessed with a short questionnaire after the intervention.

The primary analysis used a baseline-adjusted linear mixed model on the full analysis set, including a group-by-baseline interaction and adjustment for age, sex, education, and marital status. Robustness was examined through several pre-specified sensitivity analyses, including per-protocol analysis, difference-in-differences, propensity-score overlap weighting, multiple imputation, and a conservative worst-case (missing-not-at-random) analysis.

Studietyp

Interventionell

Inskrivning (Faktisk)

140

Fas

  • Inte tillämpbar

Kontakter och platser

Det här avsnittet innehåller kontaktuppgifter för dem som genomför studien och information om var denna studie genomförs.

Studieorter

  • Turkiet (Türkiye)
      • Antalya, Turkiet (Türkiye), 07070
        • Akdeniz University 60+ Tazelenme University

Deltagandekriterier

Forskare letar efter personer som passar en viss beskrivning, så kallade behörighetskriterier. Några exempel på dessa kriterier är en persons allmänna hälsotillstånd eller tidigare behandlingar.

Urvalskriterier

Åldrar som är berättigade till studier

  • Vuxen
  • Äldre vuxen

Tar emot friska volontärer

Ja

Beskrivning

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Aged 60 years or older
  • Enrolled in the Akdeniz University 60+ Refresher (Tazelenme) University programme
  • Owns and regularly uses an smartphone
  • Able to attend the scheduled training sessions
  • Provides written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Severe cognitive, visual, or hearing impairment that would prevent participation in the training

Studieplan

Det här avsnittet ger detaljer om studieplanen, inklusive hur studien är utformad och vad studien mäter.

Hur är studien utformad?

Designdetaljer

  • Primärt syfte: Övrig
  • Tilldelning: Icke-randomiserad
  • Interventionsmodell: Parallellt uppdrag
  • Maskning: Ingen (Open Label)

Vapen och interventioner

Deltagargrupp / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Experimentell: Smartphone-based digital literacy training
Advanced-level cohort receiving a structured smartphone training programme: 12 sessions over 6 weeks (two sessions per week, 90 to 105 minutes each), mapped to the DigComp 2.2 framework, using participants' own Android smartphones.
Beteende: Structured smartphone-based digital literacy training
Instructor-led smartphone training delivered in 12 sessions over 6 weeks (twice weekly, 90 to 105 minutes), mapped to the DigComp 2.2 framework, using participants' own Android smartphones, a projector for demonstration, a class messaging group, and between-session practice tasks.
Inget ingripande: Wait-list control
Second-year cohort continuing usual programme activities with the training deferred; served as the comparison group.

Vad mäter studien?

Primära resultatmått

Resultatmått
Åtgärdsbeskrivning
Tidsram
Change in Digital Literacy Scale (DLS) score
Tidsram: Baseline (T1), immediately post-intervention (approximately week 6, T2), and 3-month follow-up (T3)
Digital literacy assessed with the Digital Literacy Scale. Scores range from a minimum of 12 to a maximum of 60. Higher scores indicate greater digital literacy (a better outcome).
Baseline (T1), immediately post-intervention (approximately week 6, T2), and 3-month follow-up (T3)

Sekundära resultatmått

Resultatmått
Åtgärdsbeskrivning
Tidsram
Change in Smartphone Self-Efficacy Scale (SSES) score
Tidsram: Baseline (T1), immediately post-intervention (approximately week 6, T2), and 3-month follow-up (T3)
Smartphone self-efficacy assessed with the Smartphone Self-Efficacy Scale. Scores range from a minimum of 20 to a maximum of 100. Higher scores indicate greater smartphone self-efficacy (a better outcome).
Baseline (T1), immediately post-intervention (approximately week 6, T2), and 3-month follow-up (T3)
Programme satisfaction
Tidsram: Immediately post-intervention (approximately week 6, T2)
Participant satisfaction with the training programme, assessed with a 10-item satisfaction questionnaire. Scores range from a minimum of 10 to a maximum of 50. Higher scores indicate greater satisfaction (a better outcome).
Immediately post-intervention (approximately week 6, T2)

Samarbetspartners och utredare

Det är här du hittar personer och organisationer som är involverade i denna studie.

Sponsor

Akdeniz University

Utredare

  • Studierektor: Gülüşan Özgün Başıbüyük, Akdeniz University

Studieavstämningsdatum

Dessa datum spårar framstegen för inlämningar av studieposter och sammanfattande resultat till ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieposter och rapporterade resultat granskas av National Library of Medicine (NLM) för att säkerställa att de uppfyller specifika kvalitetskontrollstandarder innan de publiceras på den offentliga webbplatsen.

Studera stora datum

Studiestart (Faktisk)

15 april 2025

Primärt slutförande (Faktisk)

22 augusti 2025

Avslutad studie (Faktisk)

22 augusti 2025

Studieregistreringsdatum

Först inskickad

4 juli 2026

Först inskickad som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna

8 juli 2026

Första postat (Faktisk)

9 juli 2026

Uppdateringar av studier

Senaste uppdatering publicerad (Faktisk)

9 juli 2026

Senaste inskickade uppdateringen som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna

8 juli 2026

Senast verifierad

1 juli 2026

Mer information

Termer relaterade till denna studie

Nyckelord

Ytterligare relevanta MeSH-villkor

Andra studie-ID-nummer

  • TBAEK-181

Plan för individuella deltagardata (IPD)

Planerar du att dela individuella deltagardata (IPD)?

JA

IPD-planbeskrivning

De-identified individual participant data underlying the reported results are available from the corresponding author (B.K.) on reasonable request, subject to ethics and participant-confidentiality restrictions. The analysis code is likewise available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Tidsram för IPD-delning

Available beginning after publication of the main results, with no fixed end date.

Kriterier för IPD Sharing Access

Requests are reviewed by the corresponding author (B.K.). De-identified data and analytic code will be shared with researchers who submit a methodologically sound proposal and sign a data-access and confidentiality agreement, subject to applicable ethics approvals and participant-confidentiality restrictions.

IPD-delning som stöder informationstyp

  • ANALYTIC_CODE

Läkemedels- och apparatinformation, studiedokument

Studerar en amerikansk FDA-reglerad läkemedelsprodukt

Nej

Studerar en amerikansk FDA-reglerad produktprodukt

Nej

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