Diagnostic Utility of [18F]-FDG-PET/CT and [124I]-PET/CT for Detection of Recurrence in Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma
Effectiveness of [124I]-PET/CT and [18F]-FDG-PET/CT for Localizing Recurrence in Patients With Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma Who Have Elevated Serum Thyroglobulin Levels But Are Tumor-negative on Conventional Imaging Studies
研究概览
详细说明
<Inclusion Criteria> Patients with histologically proven DTC were studied. All patients had previously undergone total thyroidectomy and more than one session of postoperative RI therapy. More than 12 months of follow-up after the last RI therapy session, all patients showed increasing pathological Tg levels (Tg > 9-10 ng/ml) after TSH stimulation (TSH > 30 mU/l). However, neither tumor recurrence nor metastasis could be detected in any patient by post-therapeutic [131I] scanning, neck US, or chest radiography. Patients with obvious cervical pathology or positive fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) were excluded from the study. The work was approved by our Institutional Review Board and written informed consent was obtained from each patient.
<Study protocol> The study was prospectively designed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacies of [18F]-FDG-PET/CT and [124I]-PET/CT in patients with elevated Tg levels, but who yielded no pathological findings on conventional imaging. The [124I] radioisotope was supplied by the Radiopharmaceutical Research Team of the Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS). All involved patients underwent a diagnostic [131I] scan, [18F]-FDG-PET/CT, and [124I]-PET/CT. On the first day (D1) of the study, blood and urine were collected for routine examination; to measure blood TSH, Tg, and anti-Tg antibody levels; and to assess urine iodine excretion after 4 weeks of levothyroxine (LT4) withdrawal. All patients had consumed a low-iodine diet for the prior 2 weeks, following written instructions and assisted by a dietician. On the second day (D2) of the study, an [131I] scan was obtained 48 h after administration of 74 MBq of [131I]. On day 10 (D10) of the study, patients fasted for at least 4 h before examination, and were (intravenously) given 370 MBq [18F]-FDG. All patients were instructed to rest comfortably for 60 min and to empty the bladder before scanning. Whole-body PET/CT images were obtained using a Discovery ST scanner (GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI). Seven or eight frames (3 min/frame) of emission PET data were acquired in the two-dimensional mode after noncontrast CT scans had been performed from the base of the skull to the upper thigh (tube rotation time of 1 s per revolution; 120 kV; 60 mA; 7.5 mm per rotation; and an acquisition time of 60.9 s for a scan length of 867 mm). Emission PET images were reconstructed via non-contrast CT using an iterative method (ordered-subsets expectation maximization with two iterations and 30 subsets; field of view 600 mm; slice thickness 3.27 mm). Attenuation-corrected PET/CT images were reviewed on an Xeleris workstation (GE Healthcare). All images were independently interpreted by two experienced nuclear medicine physicians and screened for "hot spots" indicative of hypermetabolic abnormalities.
On day 11 (D11) of the study, 24 h after administration of an [124I] trace dose (74 MBq), whole-body PET/CT scans were obtained using the Discovery ST scanner. First, a non-enhanced CT scan was performed, from the base of the skull to the upper thigh (tube rotation time of 1 s per revolution; 140 kV; 80 mA; 3.75 mm per rotation; acquisition time of 23.9 s for a scan length of 804 mm). Subsequently, seven or eight frames (5 min per frame) of emission PET data were acquired in the two-dimensional mode and reconstructed via CT using an iterative method (software from General Electric Medical Systems; ordered-subsets expectation maximization with two iterations and 21 subsets; field of view 600 mm; slice thickness 3.27 mm).
<Data analysis> To ensure that the interpretation of [18F]-FDG-PET/CT and [124I]-PET/CT data was performed under similar conditions, all physicians who initially read images of one type were deliberately blinded to the results of the other type of imaging, and to patient clinical data. This was achieved by ensuring that the interpreting physicians were not involved in patient clinical care. Findings on [18F]-FDG-PET and [124I]-PET scanning were compared with data from diagnostic and post-therapeutic [131I] scans. Moreover, the data were compared with those of radiological imaging (US, CT, and MRI information), and/or those of cytological investigation (FNAC), to confirm (or otherwise) the findings of the [131I] scans, and those of both forms of PET/CT (using [18F]-FDG and [124I]). For each patient, the presence or absence, and number and localization of any recurrent lesions (if present) were determined. The data of both types of PET/CT scans were classified as follows: 1) True-positive, if pathologic [18F]-FDG or [124I] uptake was proven by histology, cytology, or other imaging techniques, and caused therapy to be changed; 2) False-positive, if no pathologic [18F]-FDG or [124I] uptake was seen (such observations were of no clinical consequence); 3) True-negative, if no [18F]-FDG or [124I] uptake was found and the patient had neither an elevated Tg level nor any evidence of recurrence upon subsequent follow-up; and, 4) False-negative if no [18F]-FDG or [124I] uptake was noted despite elevated Tg levels, even if positive findings were obtained when other imaging methods were employed.
研究类型
注册 (预期的)
联系人和位置
学习联系方式
- 姓名:Jandee Lee, MD
- 电话号码:82-31-219-5200
- 邮箱:jandee@ajou.ac.kr
学习地点
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Suwon、大韩民国
- 招聘中
- Jandee Lee
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接触:
- Jandee Lee, MD
- 电话号码:82-31219-5200
- 邮箱:jandee@ajou.ac.kr
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参与标准
资格标准
适合学习的年龄
接受健康志愿者
有资格学习的性别
取样方法
研究人群
描述
Inclusion Criteria:
- Study patients with histologically proven DTC were studied. All patients had previously undergone total thyroidectomy and more than one session of postoperative RI therapy.During follow-up after the last RI therapy session, all patients showed increasing pathological Tg levels (Tg > 9-10 ng/ml) after TSH stimulation (TSH > 30 mU/l). However, neither tumor recurrence nor metastasis could be detected in any patient by post-therapeutic [131I] scanning, neck US, or chest radiography.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Patients with obvious cervical pathology or positive fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) were excluded from the study. The work was approved by our Institutional Review Board and written informed consent was obtained from each patient.
学习计划
研究是如何设计的?
设计细节
队列和干预
团体/队列 |
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Study patients
Study patients with histologically proven DTC were studied.
All patients had previously undergone total thyroidectomy and more than one session of postoperative RI therapy.
After the last RI therapy session, all patients showed increasing pathological Tg levels (Tg > 9-10 ng/ml) after TSH stimulation (TSH > 30 mU/l).
However, neither tumor recurrence nor metastasis could be detected in any patient by post-therapeutic [131I] scanning, neck US, or chest radiography.
Patients with obvious cervical pathology or positive fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) were excluded from the study.
The work was approved by our Institutional Review Board and written informed consent was obtained from each patient.
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研究衡量的是什么?
主要结果指标
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
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Diagnostic values of [124I]-PET/CT and [18F]-FDG-PET/CT imaging
大体时间:Follow up in more than 10 months after treatment
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1) True-positive, if pathologic [18F]-FDG or [124I] uptake(;PET-uptake) was proven by histology, cytology, or other imaging techniques, and caused therapy to be changed; 2) False-positive, if no pathologic PET-uptake was seen; 3) True-negative, if no PET-uptake was found and the patient had neither an elevated Tg level nor any evidence of recurrence upon subsequent follow-up; and, 4) False-negative if no PET-uptake was noted despite elevated Tg levels, even if positive findings were obtained when other imaging methods were employed.
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Follow up in more than 10 months after treatment
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合作者和调查者
调查人员
- 首席研究员:Jandee Lee, MD、Korean Association of Endocrine Surgeons
研究记录日期
研究主要日期
学习开始
初级完成 (实际的)
研究完成 (预期的)
研究注册日期
首次提交
首先提交符合 QC 标准的
首次发布 (估计)
研究记录更新
最后更新发布 (估计)
上次提交的符合 QC 标准的更新
最后验证
更多信息
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