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Effect of TMS Treatment on Defense Mechanisms and Functionality in Patients With Depression

2026年10月7日 更新者：Kardelen Erdoğan、Namik Kemal University

The Effect of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) Treatment on Defense Mechanisms and Functionality in Patients With Depression

This prospective observational study aims to evaluate changes in psychological defense mechanisms in patients with non-psychotic major depressive disorder (MDD) undergoing repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) therapy. The study investigates whether rTMS induces a shift from immature to more mature defense mechanisms and assesses how these changes relate to improvements in depressive symptom severity, anxiety levels, and overall functionality at baseline, 1-month, and 3-month follow-ups.

研究概览

地位

尚未招聘

条件

详细说明

Major depressive disorder (MDD) significantly impacts mood, cognitive function, and psychological defense structures. While repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) is an established non-invasive neuromodulation therapy for depression, its influence on psychodynamic constructs such as defense mechanisms remains insufficiently explored.

This single-center prospective study will enroll 50 adult participants (aged 18-65) diagnosed with non-psychotic MDD according to DSM-5 criteria (confirmed via SCID-5). Participants will receive rTMS treatment as part of their standard clinical care. Clinical assessments will be conducted by a blinded researcher at three time points: baseline (pre-treatment), 1 month, and 3 months post-baseline.

Primary outcomes will measure shifts in defense mechanism styles (mature, neurotic, immature) using the Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ). Secondary outcomes will assess depressive symptom severity (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale - HAM-D), anxiety levels (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale - HAM-A), clinical severity and improvement (Clinical Global Impression Scale - CGI), and functional impairment (World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 - WHODAS 2.0).

研究类型

观察性的

注册 (估计的)

50

联系人和位置

本节提供了进行研究的人员的详细联系信息，以及有关进行该研究的地点的信息。

学习联系方式

学习地点

参与标准

研究人员寻找符合特定描述的人，称为资格标准。这些标准的一些例子是一个人的一般健康状况或先前的治疗。

资格标准

适合学习的年龄

18年 至 65年 (成人、年长者)

接受健康志愿者

不

有资格学习的性别

全部

取样方法

非概率样本

研究人群

Adults aged 18-65 years with non-psychotic major depressive disorder (MDD) who are evaluated for suitability for transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) treatment at the Psychiatry Clinic/TMS Unit of Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University Hospital. The diagnosis of MDD will be confirmed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders (SCID). Approximately 50 participants who meet the eligibility criteria and provide written informed consent will be included.

描述

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age between 18 and 65 years
  • Diagnosis of major depressive disorder without psychotic features according to DSM-5 criteria
  • Confirmation of diagnosis via SCID
  • Major depressive disorder as the primary reason for admission
  • Willingness to participate and signing the written informed consent form

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Presence of contraindications for TMS (e.g., metallic implants)
  • Known active psychotic symptoms
  • History of TMS treatment in the past 3 months
  • Presence of known organic brain syndrome, neurological, or major systemic medical conditions
  • Presence of known intellectual disability or significant cognitive impairment
  • Active substance or alcohol use disorder
  • Illiteracy

学习计划

本节提供研究计划的详细信息，包括研究的设计方式和研究的衡量标准。

研究是如何设计的？

设计细节

  • 观测模型：COHORT
  • 时间观点：PROSPECTIVE

队列和干预

团体/队列
TMS Treatment Group

Patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder receiving Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation therapy.

研究衡量的是什么？

主要结果指标

结果测量
措施说明
大体时间
Change in Defense Mechanisms (Defense Style Questionnaire - DSQ)
大体时间：Baseline, 1 month, and 3 months

Evaluates shifts in mature, neurotic, and immature psychological defense mechanism styles in patients with major depressive disorder following TMS treatment.
Baseline, 1 month, and 3 months

次要结果测量

结果测量
措施说明
大体时间
Change in Anxiety Symptom Severity (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale - HAM-A)
大体时间：Baseline, 1 month and 3 months

Assesses psychic and somatic anxiety symptom severity.
Baseline, 1 month and 3 months
Change in Depressive Symptom Severity (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale - HAM-D)
大体时间：Baseline, 1 month, and 3 months

Assesses the severity of depressive symptoms
Baseline, 1 month, and 3 months
Change in Clinical Global Impression (CGI)
大体时间：Baseline, 1 month, and 3 months

Measures overall illness severity and clinical improvement.
Baseline, 1 month, and 3 months
Change in Disability and Functionality (World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 - WHODAS 2.0)
大体时间：Baseline, 1 month, and 3 months

Evaluates level of functional disability across six domains (understanding/communicating, mobility, self-care, getting along, life activities, participation).
Baseline, 1 month, and 3 months

合作者和调查者

在这里您可以找到参与这项研究的人员和组织。

赞助

Namik Kemal University

研究记录日期

这些日期跟踪向 ClinicalTrials.gov 提交研究记录和摘要结果的进度。研究记录和报告的结果由国家医学图书馆 (NLM) 审查，以确保它们在发布到公共网站之前符合特定的质量控制标准。

研究主要日期

学习开始 (估计的)

2026年10月1日

初级完成 (估计的)

2027年4月1日

研究完成 (估计的)

2027年7月1日

研究注册日期

首次提交

2026年9月27日

首先提交符合 QC 标准的

2026年9月27日

首次发布 (实际的)

2026年10月2日

研究记录更新

最后更新发布 (实际的)

2026年10月13日

上次提交的符合 QC 标准的更新

2026年10月7日

最后验证

2026年10月1日

更多信息

与本研究相关的术语

关键字

其他相关的 MeSH 术语

其他研究编号

  • 2026.197.07.01

计划个人参与者数据 (IPD)

计划共享个人参与者数据 (IPD)？

不

药物和器械信息、研究文件

研究美国 FDA 监管的药品

不

研究美国 FDA 监管的设备产品

不

此信息直接从 clinicaltrials.gov 网站检索，没有任何更改。如果您有任何更改、删除或更新研究详细信息的请求，请联系 register@clinicaltrials.gov. clinicaltrials.gov 上实施更改，我们的网站上也会自动更新.

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