Development of an Exergame to Deliver a Sustained Dose of High-Intensity Training: Formative Pilot Randomized Trial

Thomas McBain, Matthew Weston, Paul Crawshaw, Catherine Haighton, Iain Spears, Thomas McBain, Matthew Weston, Paul Crawshaw, Catherine Haighton, Iain Spears

Abstract

Background: Sport science can play a critical role in reducing health inequalities. The inverse relationship between life expectancy, cardiorespiratory fitness, and socioeconomic status could be addressed by performing high-intensity training (HIT), delivered in a class salient and accessible approach. Commercially available exergames have shown encouraging compliance rates but are primarily designed for entertainment purposes rather than focusing on health-related outcomes. A serious game tailored toward delivering an exercise stimulus, while reducing the aversive protocols associated with HIT, could be beneficial to engage and improve health outcomes in socially deprived males.

Objective: The aims of this study were to develop an exergame capable of delivering HIT and evaluate the effect on selected health outcomes in men recruited in regions of socioeconomic deprivation.

Methods: We conducted an exploratory trial in our target population, and participants were allocated to intervention (n=14) or control groups (n=10) by third-party minimization. The intervention was a 6-week training program consisting of three sessions of exergaming per week. The sessions involved a structured warm-up, then brief intermittent repetitions in the form of boxing rounds (10 s, 20 s, and 30 s) against their peers with a work/rest ratio of 0.25.

Results: Retention to the intervention was 87.5% (21/24). Over the duration of the intervention, session attendance was 67.5% (170/252); repetition mean and peak heart rates (% of maximal) and session ratings of perceived exertion (AU, arbitrary units) were 86.3 (5.4%), 89.9 (6.1%), and 7.5 (2.2 AU), respectively. The effect of the intervention, when compared with the control, was a likely small beneficial improvement in predicted maximum oxygen consumption (VO2 max, 3.0; 90% confidence limits ±2.6%). Effects on body mass, waist circumference, and blood pressure were either trivial or unclear.

Conclusions: Over the 6-week intervention, the exergame delivered a consistent and sustained dose of HIT, with some beneficial effects on aerobic fitness in the target population.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03477773; https://ichgcp.net/clinical-trials-registry/NCT03477773 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6yDLgVs35).

Keywords: boxing; heart rate; high-intensity interval training; metabolic syndrome; video games.

Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest: None declared.

©Thomas McBain, Matthew Weston, Paul Crawshaw, Catherine Haighton, Iain Spears. Originally published in JMIR Serious Games (http://games.jmir.org), 27.03.2018.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The exergaming system comprising hardware and software with real-time avatar mapping.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Machine state variables used in controlling the game.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The three visual outputs communicating instructions and actual game play to the users.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Participant flow though the trial.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Group mean (large open squares) and individual (small closed triangles) heart rates (session mean and session peak) and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) across the 6-week exergaming intervention period (session numbers 1-18). AU: arbitrary unit.

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Source: PubMed

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