FCR and Bevacizumab in the Treatment of Relapsed Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)

Fludarabine, Cyclophosphamide, Rituximab and Bevacizumab in the Treatment of Relapsed Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

The goal of this clinical research study is to learn if the combination of fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, rituximab, and bevacizumab is effective in treating chronic lymphocytic leukemia in patients who have already been treated with chemotherapy. The safety of this treatment will also be studied.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Fludarabine; Drug: Cyclophosphamide; Drug: Rituximab; Drug: Bevacizumab

Detailed Description

During the study, you will have up to 6 "cycles" of treatment. A cycle is made up of treatment with the study drugs for 3-4 days and then about 3-1/2 weeks (25 days) of no treatment (about 4 weeks total). Treatment with the study drugs will be given for 4 days in a row on the first cycle, and 3 days in a row on Cycles 2-6. On Day 1 of each cycle, you will receive rituximab through a needle in a vein. On Cycle 1, since it is your first exposure to rituximab, it must be given slowly, so it may take 6-8 hours to complete. On the cycles after that, it can be given more rapidly, over 3-4 hours. Cyclophosphamide and fludarabine will be given separately through a needle in a vein on Days 2-4 of Cycle 1 and Days 1-3 of Cycles 2-6. Cyclophosphamide and fludarabine will each be given over 30 minutes. Bevacizumab will be given through a needle in a vein over 90 minutes on Day 3 of Cycle 1. If it is well tolerated, the next dose of Bevacizumab will be given over 60 minutes on Day 2 of Cycle 2. If the Cycle 2 dose is well tolerated, the next doses of Bevacizumab will be given over 30 minutes on Day 2 of Cycles 2-6. In addition to the study drugs, you may also be given fluids by vein to help flush the kidneys, to help prevent possible kidney damage. You may receive up to 6 cycles of treatment. Treatment will be given on an outpatient basis. The injections for each daily treatment visit should take less than 6 hours.

Up to 66 patients will take part in the study. All will be enrolled at M.D. Anderson.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 64
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Texas
    • Houston, Texas, United States, 77030
      • University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Child; Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Diagnosis of B-cell CLL
• Relapsed, fludarabine-sensitive (duration of response > 6 months as assessed by prior treating physician) or fludarabine-naive patients
• Rai Stage III or IV, or Rai Stage I or II if determined to have disease progression as evidenced by rapid doubling of peripheral lymphocyte count, progressive lymphadenopathy, progressive splenomegaly, or B symptoms.
• Prestudy WHO Performance Status </= 2.
• Signed, written Institutional Review Board (IRB)approved informed consent.
• Men and women of reproductive potential must agree to follow accepted birth control methods during treatment and for 3 months after completion of treatment.
• Acceptable liver function: Bilirubin </= 2.0 mg/dL (26 umol/L), AST (SGOT) and/or ALT (SGPT) </= 2 times upper limit of normal.
• Acceptable hematologic status: Platelet count >/= 50 x 10^9/L., absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >/= 1 x 10^9/L.
• Acceptable renal function: Serum creatinine </= 2.0 mg/dL

Exclusion Criteria:

• Cancer radiotherapy, radioimmunotherapy, biological therapy, chemotherapy, or other investigational therapy within 4 weeks prior to Study Day 1.
• Known infection with HIV, hepatitis B, or hepatitis C
• Transformation to aggressive B-cell malignancy (e.g., large B-cell lymphoma, Richter's Syndrome, or prolymphocyte leukemia [PLL]).
• Patients with secondary malignancy requiring active treatment (except hormonal therapy).
• Active uncontrolled bacterial, viral, or fungal infections.
• New York Heart Association Class II-IV cardiac disease or myocardial infarction within the past 6 months prior to Study Day 1.
• Pregnant or currently breast-feeding.
• Current, recent (within 4 weeks of the first infusion of this study), or planned participation in an experimental drug study other than a Genentech-sponsored bevacizumab cancer study.
• Blood pressure of > 150/100 mmHg
• Unstable angina
• History of stroke within 6 months
• Clinically significant peripheral vascular disease
• Evidence of bleeding diathesis or coagulopathy
• Major surgical procedure, open biopsy, or significant traumatic injury within 28 days prior to Day 1, anticipation of need for major surgical procedure during the course of the study.
• Minor surgical procedures, fine needle aspirations or core biopsies within 7 days prior to Day 1.
• Urine protein:creatinine ratio >/= 1.0 at screening.
• History of abdominal fistula, gastrointestinal perforation, or intra-abdominal abscess within 6 months prior to Day 1.
• Serious, non-healing wound, ulcer, or bone fracture.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: N/A
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Intervention / Treatment

Experimental: FCR + Bevacizumab; FCR = Fludarabine 25 mg/m^2 intravenous (IV) , Cyclophosphamide 250 mg/m^2 IV daily for 3 days, Rituximab 375 mg/m^2 IV Day 1, followed by 500 mg/m^2 IV. FCR daily for 3 days. Bevacizumab 10 mg/Kg IV on Day 3, course 1.

Drug: Fludarabine; 25 mg/m^2 IV over 30 minutes daily for 3 days; Other Names: Fludara; Fludarabine Phosphate; Drug: Cyclophosphamide; 250 mg/m^2 IV over 30 minutes daily for 3 days; Other Names: Cytoxan; Neosar; Drug: Rituximab; 375 mg/m^2 IV on Day 1 by prolonged infusion. All subsequent doses 500 mg/m^2 IV 30-minute infusion.; Other Names: Rituxan; Drug: Bevacizumab; 10 mg/Kg IV on Day 3, course 1 over 30-90 minutes; Other Names: Avastin; Anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody; rhuMAb-VEGF

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Progression Free Survival (PFS) Rate	Progression free survival (PFS) was defined as the time from the start of treatment to progression, which included treatment failure, relapse, or death. Progression is defined using Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.0), as a 20% increase in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions, or a measurable increase in a non-target lesion, or the appearance of new lesions	Baseline up to 5 years

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Number of Participants With Complete or Partial Response to Fludarabine, Cyclophosphamide, Rituximab, and Bevacizumab Therapy in Previously Treated Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)	Response criteria for Complete response (CR) - Nodes: None; Liver/Spleen Size: Not palpable; Symptoms: None; polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN): >1,500/μl; Platelets >100,000/μl; Hemoglobin (untransfused): >11,0 g/dl; Lymphocytes: <4,000/μl; Bone Marrow aspirate: <30% lymphocytes; Biopsy: No lymphocyte infiltrate; and for Partial Response (PR), Nodes: >/= 50% decrease; Liver/Spleen Size: >/= 50% decrease; Symptoms: None; Platelets >100,000/μl or > 50% improvement from baseline; Hemoglobin (untransfused): >11.0 g/dl or >50% improvement from baseline; Lymphocytes: >50% decrease; Biopsy: <30% lymphocytes with residual disease on biopsy for nodular PR (NPR).	Response assessed after three 4-week courses and after six courses, up to 24 weeks
Overall Response Rate (ORR) to Fludarabine, Cyclophosphamide, Rituximab, and Bevacizumab Therapy in Previously Treated CLL	ORR defined as CR and PR response where response criteria for Complete response (CR) - Nodes: None; Liver/Spleen Size: Not palpable; Symptoms: None; polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN): >1,500/μl; Platelets >100,000/μl; Hemoglobin (untransfused): >11,0 g/dl; Lymphocytes: <4,000/μl; Bone Marrow aspirate: <30% lymphocytes; Biopsy: No lymphocyte infiltrate; and for Partial Response (PR), Nodes: >/= 50% decrease; Liver/Spleen Size: >/= 50% decrease; Symptoms: None; Platelets >100,000/μl or > 50% improvement from baseline; Hemoglobin (untransfused): >11.0 g/dl or >50% improvement from baseline; Lymphocytes: >50% decrease; Biopsy: <30% lymphocytes with residual disease on biopsy for nodular PR (NPR).	Response assessed after three 4-week courses and after six courses, up to 24 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
• Collaborators: Genentech, Inc.
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Susan O'Brien, MD, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Jain P, Lee HJ, Qiao W, Wierda W, Benjamini O, Burger J, Ferrajoli A, Estrov Z, Kantarjian H, Keating M, O'Brien S. FCR and bevacizumab treatment in patients with relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Cancer. 2014 Nov 15;120(22):3494-501. doi: 10.1002/cncr.28910. Epub 2014 Jul 15.

Helpful Links

• University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Website

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: February 1, 2007
• Primary Completion (Actual): October 1, 2014
• Study Completion (Actual): October 1, 2014

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 13, 2007
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 14, 2007
• First Posted (Estimate): March 15, 2007

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): November 1, 2015
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 5, 2015
• Last Verified: October 1, 2015

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Bevacizumab; Rituximab; Cyclophosphamide; CLL; Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia; Fludarabine
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Immune System Diseases; Neoplasms by Histologic Type; Neoplasms; Lymphoproliferative Disorders; Lymphatic Diseases; Immunoproliferative Disorders; Leukemia, B-Cell; Leukemia; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Antirheumatic Agents; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Antimetabolites; Antineoplastic Agents; Immunosuppressive Agents; Immunologic Factors; Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; Alkylating Agents; Myeloablative Agonists; Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological; Angiogenesis Inhibitors; Angiogenesis Modulating Agents; Growth Substances; Growth Inhibitors; Cyclophosphamide; Bevacizumab; Rituximab; Fludarabine; Fludarabine phosphate
• Other Study ID Numbers: MDACC-2005-0992; NCI-2010-00591 (Registry Identifier: NCI CTRP)