Development of NIC5-15 in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of NIC5-15in the treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Dementia; Alzheimer Disease
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Placebo; Drug: NIC5-15

Detailed Description

Recent epidemiologic evidence, has suggested that diabetes mellitus significantly increases risk for the development of Alzheimer's disease, independent of vascular risk factors. Moreover, even patients who are simply insulin resistant, without frank diabetes, have been shown to share this elevated risk for the development of AD. As insulin's role as a neuromodulator in the brain has been revealed, several potential mechanisms for the interaction of diabetes or insulin resistance with AD have been suggested such as decreased cortical glucose utilization particularly in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex; increased oxidative stress through the formation of advanced glycation end products; increased Tau phosphorylation and neurofibrillary tangle formation; and increased beta-amyloid aggregation through inhibition of insulin-degrading enzyme. The future treatment of AD might involve pharmacologic and dietary manipulations of insulin and glucose regulation

NIC5-15 is a single, small, naturally occurring molecule. Animal studies and some human trials have shown NIC5-15 to be safe and a potent insulin sensitizer at doses equivalent to 800-2000mg per day. In preclinical studies at doses higher than those previously studied in clinical trials, we found that NIC5-15 interferes with the accumulation of beta amyloid, an important step in the development of Alzheimer's pathology. These data suggest that NIC5-15 may be a reasonable therapeutic agent for the treatment of Alzheimer Disease for two reasons:

1. It is a -secretase inhibitor that is Notch-sparing.
2. It is potentially an insulin-sensitizer.

However critical safety and human efficacy studies must be conducted. This application proposes to conduct these early critical human studies. The goal of the studies contained in this proposal is to establish safety and efficacy of NIC5-15 for the treatment of AD. The specific objectives of this study are to:

Specific Objective #1) Conduct a multiple dose safety study of NIC5-15 to establish safety in the doses that appear to block amyloid accumulation. These studies will characterize the safety profile, pharmacokinetics, and tolerability

Specific Objective #2) Conduct a double blind placebo controlled pilot efficacy study of NIC5-15 in patients with AD. The goals of this study are to:

A) Demonstrate feasibility for a multi-site trial that will be used to guide the design of a future larger effort. Demonstration of feasibility will include examination of accrual rate, overall recruitment, adherence to protocol, compliance with medication and willingness to complete a randomized trial, and lack of short term toxicity.

B) Collect preliminary evidence of efficacy in terms of cognitive and global measures as well as secondary efficacy outcomes of activities of daily living, behavioral disturbances and AD biomarkers.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 15
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • New York
    • Bronx, New York, United States, 10468
      • VA Medical Center, Bronx

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: ADULT; OLDER_ADULT; CHILD
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• NINCDS/ADRDA criteria for probable AD
• MMSE between 12-27
• Treatment with a cholinesterase inhibitor or an NMDA (N-methyl-D-asparate) antagonist with stable dose for at least 12 weeks
• Home monitoring available for supervision of medications
• Caregiver available to accompany patient to all visits and willing to participate in study as informant
• Fluent in English or Spanish
• Medical stability for this study as confirmed by review of records, internist's physical exam, neurological exam, and laboratory tests
• Stable doses of non-excluded medication
• No evidence of hepatic insufficiency
• Able to swallow oral medications
• Ability to participate in the informed consent process

Exclusion Criteria:

• History of Diabetes Mellitus (OGTT criteria) requiring treatment with an excluded antidiabetic medication (see below) or history of hypoglycemia
• Active hepatic or renal disease
• Cardiac disease including history of congestive heart failure or current treatment for CHF; history of recent myocardial infarction
• Use of another investigational drug within the past two months
• History of clinically significant stroke
• History of seizure or head trauma with disturbance of consciousness within the past two years
• Major mental illness including psychotic disorders, bipolar disorder, or major depressive episode within the past two years Medication Exclusion
• Current use of oral hypoglycemic agents including sulfonylureas and meglintinides
• Current use of a lipid-lowering agent (excluded from Study #1, see discussion below)
• Current or past treatment with insulin for longer than two weeks
• Current use of drugs with significant anticholinergic or antihistaminic properties

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: TREATMENT
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Interventional Model: PARALLEL
• Masking: QUADRUPLE

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
OTHER: NIC5-15; Subjects with Alzheimer's Disease	Drug: NIC5-15; a natural product, found in many foods and plants with mild insulin sensitizing effects; Other Names: d-Pinitol
PLACEBO_COMPARATOR: Placebo; Subjects with Alzheimer's Disease	Drug: Placebo; placebo comparator

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Safety Assessments: Number of Participants With Adverse Events	vital signs, physical exam, Symptom Checklist, complete blood count, serum chemistries, urinalysis, and electrocardiogram	Safety Labs, Physical Exams: 6 times over 7 weeks. Adverse Events assessed 21 times over the course of 7 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Changes From Baseline in Clinical Measures of Cognition at Terminal Visit	Mini-Mental Status Exam (MMSE) 0(worst)-30(best); ADAS-cog 0 (best cognitive performance across multiple domains) - 70(worst); Activities of Daily Living (ADCS-ADL) 0(least capable of function in daily and instrumental activities)-54(best)	baseline and six weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: VA Office of Research and Development
• Collaborators: National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH); Humanetics Corporation
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Hillel Grossman, MD, VA Medical Center, Bronx

Publications and helpful links

Helpful Links

• Mount Sinai School Of Medicine's Alzheimer's Disease Research Center

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: January 1, 2007
• Primary Completion (ACTUAL): August 1, 2008
• Study Completion (ACTUAL): March 1, 2010

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: May 4, 2007
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 4, 2007
• First Posted (ESTIMATE): May 7, 2007

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (ESTIMATE): January 9, 2017
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 5, 2017
• Last Verified: January 1, 2017

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: diabetes; dementia; Alzheimer's Disease; clinical trial; Therapeutics; Alzheimer Disease; dietary supplements; Alzheimer Type Senile Dementia; Senile Dementia, Alzheimer Type
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Mental Disorders; Brain Diseases; Central Nervous System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Neurocognitive Disorders; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Tauopathies; Dementia; Alzheimer Disease
• Other Study ID Numbers: MHBB-009-06S (Department of Veterans Affairs); R21AT003302-01A1 (NIH)