Transcranial Direct Current Brain Stimulation to Treat Patients With Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia

December 11, 2019 updated by: National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)

Safety of Transcranial Direct Current Brain Stimulation (TDCS) for Improvement of Psychotic Symptoms and Cognitive Functioning in Childhood Onset Schizophrenia (COS)

This study will test whether transcranial direct current stimulation (TDCS) can be used safely in children with schizophrenia and if it can improve memory and attention span or auditory hallucinations in these children, at least temporarily. TDCS has temporarily improved memory and attention span in healthy adults and a similar method called TMS has relieved auditory hallucinations in adults with schizophrenia. For the TDCS procedure, the child sits in a chair and two soft sponge electrodes are placed on the child s forehead and held in place with a soft wrapping. One sponge electrode is placed on an arm. The electrodes are attached to a stimulator with a wire.

Children with schizophrenia who meet the following criteria may be eligible for this study:

  • Are 10 yrs or older age.
  • Are participating in NIH protocol 03-M-0035.
  • Are on a stable medication regimen for at least 6 months.
  • Have problems with memory and attention span or have auditory hallucinations.

Participants are randomly assigned to receive either real or sham TDCS on an inpatient or outpatient basis in 20-minute sessions daily, except weekends, for 10 days. For real TDCS, patients receive stimulation to the front of the brain. For sham stimulation, the children have electrodes placed on the forehead, but no actual stimulation is delivered. In addition to TDCS, patients have the following procedures:

  • Checks of blood pressure, pulse and breathing rate before, during and right after each stimulation and again 8 hours later.
  • Electrocardiogram (EKG) and electroencephalogram (EEG) before starting stimulation and after completing the 10 days of TDCS.
  • Interviews and examinations to check for side effects of TDCS.
  • Pen-and-paper or computer tests of learning, attention and memory.
  • At the end of the 10 sessions, children who were in the sham TDCS group are offered the same number of sessions of active TDCS.
  • Follow-up telephone call 1 month after the end of stimulation to see how the child is doing.
  • 1- to 2-day outpatient visit 6 months after the stimulation. This visit includes interviews with the parent and the child, rating of the child s psychiatric symptoms, and pen-and-paper or computer tests of thinking, attention and memory.

Study Overview

Status

Terminated

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Background: The majority (about 75%) of patients with childhood onset schizophrenia still have impairing cognitive and psychotic symptoms after drug treatment optimization. Recent studies with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) indicate moderate efficacy in symptom reduction in adult patients with schizophrenia. Transcranial direct current stimulation (TDCS) may be a safe and effective additional treatment of residual symptoms of schizophrenia in medication stable patients. Recent research into adult-onset schizophrenia established both safety and efficacy in 20-minute daily DC polarization (TDSC).

Objective: To establish whether bilateral DC polarization (using TDCS) of either dorsolateral prefrontal cortex or superior temporal cortex is safe in patients with childhood onset schizophrenia and whether it is associated with improvement in cognitive performance or reduction in auditory hallucination (psychotic symptoms) respectively.

Study population: Up to 40 patients with schizophrenia, ages 10 and older will be recruited. All patients will be on optimized medications for at least 2 months prior to this study.

Design: The design has two concurrent study options; both double-blind sham controlled, with 10-day, 40-minute daily DC polarization. Patients will be selected for one of the two treatment options: 1. Bilateral Anodal DC polarization of prefrontal cortex or 2. Bilateral Cathodal DC polarization of superior temporal cortex. A small battery powered device (Phoresor II Auto Model PM850) approved by the FDA for iontophoretic transdermal drug delivery will be used to administer the DC current. Sham treatment will be electrode placement without current.

Outcome Measures: The primary outcome measure would be to determine whether TDCS treatment is safe in children and adults with schizophrenia, as assessed by vital signs monitoring, reporting/evaluation of adverse effects, clinical ratings and neurocognitive performance.

Secondary outcome measures: The secondary outcome measures would be improvement on 1) Hallucination Change Scale (HCS) and Auditory Hallucinations Rating Scale (AHRS) for auditory hallucinations; SAPS, SANS and BPRS scales for psychotic symptoms and 2) performance on the working memory (verbal and non verbal), attention/vigilance, and verbal learning sub tests for cognitive improvement.

Exploratory Measure: Effect of DC polarization on regional GM cortical thickness in DLPFC and STG regions.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

20

Phase

  • Phase 1

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Maryland
      • Bethesda, Maryland, United States, 20892
        • National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 9000 Rockville Pike

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

10 years and older (ADULT, OLDER_ADULT, CHILD)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

  • INCLUSION CRITERIA:

COS patients (age 10 and above) recruited and followed under the current protocol 03-M-0035, where subjects have been stable (in the judgment of the investigator) on their medications for 2 months with or without PRN medications but continue to experience either:

  1. Cognitive difficulties as evidenced by information from parents and teachers, clinical interview, and performance (below average based on published norms for each test) on neurocognitive tests (WMS-III Spatial Span (nonverbal) and WMS-III Letter-Number Sequencing (verbal) attention/vigilance (CPT-IP), and verbal learning (HVLT-R), all sub tests of the NIMH MATRICS battery).
  2. Significant auditory hallucinations as measured by SAPS (scores above 2) or BPRS (scores above 3).

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

In addition to the exclusion criteria under protocol 03-M-0035, the following will be exclusionary:

  1. Broken or abnormal skin in the area of the electrodes.
  2. Presence of metal in the cranial cavity.
  3. Holes in the skull from trauma or surgery.
  4. Positive pregnancy test.
  5. Presence of other psychiatric illness (e.g. severe anxiety, OCD etc) unless the patient has been on stable medication for the prior 2 months

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: TREATMENT
  • Allocation: RANDOMIZED
  • Interventional Model: PARALLEL

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
TDCS treatment is safe in childhood onset schizophrenia

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Improvement in cognition and psychosis

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Nitin Gogtay, M.D., National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

September 17, 2008

Study Completion (ACTUAL)

August 18, 2015

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

September 20, 2008

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

September 20, 2008

First Posted (ESTIMATE)

September 23, 2008

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (ACTUAL)

December 12, 2019

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

December 11, 2019

Last Verified

August 18, 2015

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 080211
  • 08-M-0211

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

Clinical Trials on Mental Disorders

Clinical Trials on Electrical Polarization

Search Similar Trials

Sponsors and Collaborators

Medical Conditions

Drug Interventions

CROs by country

CROs in Angola

Conditions

Rare Diseases

Drug Interventions

Dietary Supplements

Sponsor/Collaborators

Locations

3
Subscribe