Pharmacokinetics and Excretion of [¹⁴C]Etelcalcetide (AMG 416) in Patients With End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Receiving Dialysis

An Open-label, Single-dose Study to Evaluate the Pharmacokinetics, Biotransformation and Excretion of [¹⁴C]AMG 416 in Patients With End Stage Renal Disease Receiving Dialysis

The primary objectives of this study were to determine the rate, extent, and routes of radioactivity excretion of [¹⁴C]etelcalcetide in feces, dialysate, and urine over time and to measure radioactivity concentrations in whole blood and plasma over time.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Patients With ESRD on Hemodialysis
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: [¹⁴C]Etelcalcetide

Detailed Description

Six adult male or female patients with end stage renal disease requiring hemodialysis will be enrolled to receive 750 nCi of [¹⁴C]-labeled etelcalcetide formulated in 10 mg etelcalcetide administered as a single 2 mL intravenous dose at the end of hemodialysis.

Participants will spend the first approximately 12 days in confinement at the clinic (day -1 until completion of day 11 study procedures). Blood samples, and complete collections of dialysate, dialysis membrane (as necessary), urine (as available), and feces will be analyzed for radioactivity content by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). Following the confinement period, participants will return to the site on an outpatient basis in accordance to their routine dialysis sessions up to day 39. Blood and dialysate samples and dialysis membranes will be collected at specified times during the outpatient visit period.

Participants may be asked to return so the site for the Extended Pharmacokinetic Collection Period. During the Extended Pharmacokinetic Collection Period, participants will return to the site for 3 consecutive hemodialysis sessions (Collection Period 1) and then again approximately one month later, for an additional 3 consecutive hemodialysis sessions (Collection Period 2).

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 6
• Phase: Phase 1

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Minnesota
    • Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, 55404
      • Davita Clinical Research Center

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 80 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Subject has provided informed consent prior to initiation of any study-specific activities/procedures.
• Male or female subject ≥ 18 years of age at the time of screening, with end stage renal disease receiving hemodialysis;
• Body mass index is between 18 and 38 kg/m², inclusive;
• Corrected calcium (calculated) level is > 8.3 mg/dL and intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) level is between 300 - 1200, inclusive; all other laboratory tests within clinically acceptable range to the investigator and sponsor at screening;
• Female subjects must be of non-reproductive potential (ie, postmenopausal by history - no menses for 1 year and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level consistent with postmenopausal status; OR history of hysterectomy; OR history of bilateral tubal ligation);
• Negative screen for potential drugs of abuse at screening, unless positive result is expected based on approved concomitant medications;
• Negative alcohol test at screening;
• Subject has functioning permanent dialysis access via fistula, hemodialysis (HD) catheter, or arteriovenous (AV) graft;
• Subject must be receiving hemodialysis 3 times weekly for at least 1 year prior to day -1 (or is confirmed to be anuric based on historical and clinical assessment if on hemodialysis for less than one year), and have adequate hemodialysis with a delivered Kt/V ≥ 1.2 or urea reduction ratio (URR) ≥ 65% within 4 weeks to screening. The subject's routine hemodialysis session must be of 3-4.5 hours in duration, inclusive;
• Subject has stable dialysis prescription and this prescription is not anticipated to change significantly during the course of the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Female subjects who are lactating/breastfeeding or who plan to breastfeed while on study through 3 months after receiving the dose of study drug;
• Females with a positive pregnancy test at screening;
• Positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) at screening or known diagnosis of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS);
• Positive Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HepBsAg) at screening (indicative of chronic Hepatitis B);
• Positive for Hepatitis C virus ribonucleic acid (RNA) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) at screening (indicative of active hepatitis C - screening is generally done by hepatitis C antibody (HepCAb), followed by hepatitis C virus RNA by PCR if HepCAb is positive);
• Previous administration of AMG 416;
• Previous administration of any [¹⁴C] labeled drug substance within 1 year before study drug administration;
• Subject has received cinacalcet within the 30 days prior to study drug administration (treatment with cinacalcet is prohibited during the study);
• Subject has known sensitivity to any of the products or components to be administered during dosing;
• Use of concomitant medication other than that used in the management of end stage renal disease and its expected comorbidities that could in the opinion of the investigator or Amgen medical monitor interfere with the safety of subjects or interpretation of study results;
• Known illicit drug abuse within 12 months of day -1;
• Unwilling or unable to limit alcohol consumption throughout the course of the study;
• Alcohol is limited to no more than 2 units per day during the outpatient period of the study through completion of day 39. A standard unit is equivalent to 12 ounces of regular beer, 8-9 ounces of malt liquor, 5 ounces of wine, or 1.5 ounces of 80 proof distilled spirits;
• Receiving or has received any investigational drug (or is currently using an investigational device) within the 30 days before receiving study drug, or at least 10 times the respective elimination half-life (whichever is longer);
• Subject has lost 500 mL or more of blood or plasma within 8 weeks of study drug administration or during the study period;
• Subjects with hemodynamic instability during hemodialysis;
• Anticipated or scheduled kidney transplant during the study period
• Subject has an unstable medical condition based on medical history, physical examination, and routine laboratory tests, or is otherwise unstable in the judgment of the Investigator;
• Subject has an active infection at screening or day -1, or a history of any illness that, in the opinion of the Investigator, might confound the results of the study or pose additional risk to the subject;
• History of malignancy (within 5 years before day -1) of any type, other than surgically excised non-melanomatous skin cancers;
• Subject's 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) at screening suggests unstable arrhythmia or other cardiac abnormality that could place the subject at increased risk, based upon the Investigator's opinion
• Subject has poorly controlled hypertension;
• Subject has a history of symptomatic ventricular dysrhythmias or Torsades de Pointes;
• Subject has a history within the past 6 months of angina pectoris with symptoms that occur at rest or minimal activity or a history of congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association Classification III or IV);
• Subject has a history of myocardial infarction, coronary angioplasty, or coronary arterial bypass grafting within the past 6 months prior to screening;
• Subject is receiving treatment for a seizure disorder or has a history of a seizure within the last 12 months prior to screening;
• Subject has had major surgery (excluding minor surgery and hemodialysis access repair) within the last 8 weeks prior to screening;
• Subject likely to not be available to complete all protocol-required study visits or procedures, and/or to comply with all required study procedures to the best of the subject and Investigator's knowledge;
• History or evidence of any other clinically significant disorder, condition or disease that, in the opinion of the investigator or Amgen physician, if consulted, would pose a risk to subject safety or interfere with the study evaluation, procedures or completion.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Basic Science
• Allocation: N/A
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: [¹⁴C]Etelcalcetide; Participants received a single dose of 10 mg radiolabelled etelcalcetide administered by intravenous (IV) bolus injection at the end of hemodialysis on day 1.	Drug: [¹⁴C]Etelcalcetide; 750 nCi of [¹⁴C]etelcalcetide formulated as a single 10 mg dose of etelcaletide in 2 mL liquid solution for bolus intravenous (IV) administration at the end of hemodialysis.; Other Names: AMG 416; Parsabiv™

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Cumulative Excretion of Radioactivity	The total radioactivity in excreta (urine and feces) or dialysate and dialysis membrane is expressed as a percentage of the total radioactive [¹⁴C] administered (dose). Total radioactive counts in dialysate, dialyzer, feces, and urine were determined by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). Radioactivity excreted during non-sampled days was estimated by interpolation and extrapolation of the measured data.	Day 1 to day 176
Time to Maximum Observed Concentration (Tmax) of [¹⁴C]Etelcalcetide-derived Radioactivity in Plasma	Total radioactive counts in plasma was determined by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS).	Samples were collected from pre-dose on day 1 to day 39; additional samples were collected at 3 consecutive hemodialysis sessions from days 129 -148 and approximately 1 month later at an additional 3 consecutive hemodialysis sessions from days 157-176.
Maximum Observed Concentration (Cmax) of [¹⁴C]Etelcalcetide-derived Radioactivity in Plasma		Samples were collected from pre-dose on day 1 to day 39; additional samples were collected at 3 consecutive hemodialysis sessions from days 129 -148 and approximately 1 month later at an additional 3 consecutive hemodialysis sessions from days 157-176.
Time to Last Observed Plasma Concentration of [¹⁴C]Etelcalcetide-derived Radioactivity in Plasma		Samples were collected from pre-dose on day 1 to day 39; additional samples were collected at 3 consecutive hemodialysis sessions from days 129 -148 and approximately 1 month later at an additional 3 consecutive hemodialysis sessions from days 157-176.
Last Observed Plasma Concentration (Clast) of [¹⁴C]Etelcalcetide-derived Radioactivity in Plasma		Samples were collected from pre-dose on day 1 to day 39; additional samples were collected at 3 consecutive hemodialysis sessions from days 129 -148 and approximately 1 month later at an additional 3 consecutive hemodialysis sessions from days 157-176.
Apparent Terminal Half-life (T½) of [¹⁴C]Etelcalcetide-derived Radioactivity in Plasma		Samples were collected from pre-dose on day 1 to day 39; additional samples were collected at 3 consecutive hemodialysis sessions from days 129 -148 and approximately 1 month later at an additional 3 consecutive hemodialysis sessions from days 157-176.
Area Under the Curve From Time Zero to 3 Days Post-dose (AUC3d) of [¹⁴C]Etelcalcetide-derived Radioactivity in Plasma		Samples were collected from pre-dose on day 1 to day 39; additional samples were collected at 3 consecutive hemodialysis sessions from days 129 -148 and approximately 1 month later at an additional 3 consecutive hemodialysis sessions from days 157-176.
Area Under the Curve From Time Zero to 10 Days Post-dose (AUC10d) of [¹⁴C]Etelcalcetide-derived Radioactivity in Plasma		Samples were collected from pre-dose on day 1 to day 39; additional samples were collected at 3 consecutive hemodialysis sessions from days 129 -148 and approximately 1 month later at an additional 3 consecutive hemodialysis sessions from days 157-176.
Area Under the Arterial Plasma Concentration-time Curve Obtained During Hemodialysis on Day 4 for Etelcalcetide	Etelcalcetide plasma concentrations were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).	Day 4 within 10 minutes after the start of hemodialysis, at 2 hours after the start of hemodialysis, and within 10 minutes before the end of hemodialysis.
Area Under the Venous Plasma Concentration-time Curve Obtained During Hemodialysis on Day 4 for Etelcalcetide	Etelcalcetide plasma concentrations were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).	Day 4 within 10 minutes after the start of hemodialysis, at 2 hours after the start of hemodialysis, and within 10 minutes before the end of hemodialysis.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Time to Maximum Observed Concentration (Tmax) of Etelcalcetide	Etelcalcetide plasma concentrations were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).	Samples were collected from pre-dose on day 1 to day 39; additional samples were collected at 3 consecutive hemodialysis sessions from days 129 -148 and approximately 1 month later at an additional 3 consecutive hemodialysis sessions from days 157-176.
Maximum Observed Concentration (Cmax) of Etelcalcetide		Samples were collected from pre-dose on day 1 to day 39; additional samples were collected at 3 consecutive hemodialysis sessions from days 129 -148 and approximately 1 month later at an additional 3 consecutive hemodialysis sessions from days 157-176.
Time to Last Observed Plasma Concentration of Etelcalcetide		Samples were collected from pre-dose on day 1 to day 39; additional samples were collected at 3 consecutive hemodialysis sessions from days 129 -148 and approximately 1 month later at an additional 3 consecutive hemodialysis sessions from days 157-176.
Last Observed Plasma Concentration (Clast) of Etelcalcetide		Samples were collected from pre-dose on day 1 to day 39; additional samples were collected at 3 consecutive hemodialysis sessions from days 129 -148 and approximately 1 month later at an additional 3 consecutive hemodialysis sessions from days 157-176.
Area Under the Curve From Time Zero to 3 Days Post-dose (AUC3d) of Etelcalcetide		Samples were collected from pre-dose on day 1 to day 39; additional samples were collected at 3 consecutive hemodialysis sessions from days 129 -148 and approximately 1 month later at an additional 3 consecutive hemodialysis sessions from days 157-176.
Area Under the Curve From Time Zero to 10 Days Post-dose (AUC10d) of Etelcalcetide		Samples were collected from pre-dose on day 1 to day 39; additional samples were collected at 3 consecutive hemodialysis sessions from days 129 -148 and approximately 1 month later at an additional 3 consecutive hemodialysis sessions from days 157-176.
Hemodialysis Clearance of Etelcalcetide During Hemodialysis on Day 4		Day 4 within 10 minutes after the start of hemodialysis, at 2 hours after the start of hemodialysis, and within 10 minutes before the end of hemodialysis.
Hemodialysis Extraction Ratio for Etelcalcetide During Hemodialysis on Day 4		Day 4 within 10 minutes after the start of hemodialysis, at 2 hours after the start of hemodialysis, and within 10 minutes before the end of hemodialysis.
Number of Participants With Adverse Events	A treatment-related adverse event (TRAE) is any adverse event (AE) that per investigator review has a reasonable possibility of being caused by the investigational product.	From first dose of etelcalcetide to day 39
Number of Participants With Anti-etelcalcetide Antibodies	The presence of anti-etelcalcetide antibodies was assessed and confirmed using a dual-flow cell biosensor immunoassay at baseline (day -1) and at the end of study visit (day 39).	Day -1 and day 39

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Amgen

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Wu B, Melhem M, Subramanian R, Chen P, Jaramilla Sloey B, Fouqueray B, Hock MB, Skiles GL, Chow AT, Lee E. Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Etelcalcetide, a Novel Calcimimetic for Treatment of Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease on Hemodialysis. J Clin Pharmacol. 2018 Jun;58(6):717-726. doi: 10.1002/jcph.1090. Epub 2018 Mar 13.
• Wu L, Melhem M, Subramanian R, Wu B. Drug disposition model of radiolabeled etelcalcetide in patients with chronic kidney disease and secondary hyperparathyroidism on hemodialysis. J Pharmacokinet Pharmacodyn. 2017 Feb;44(1):43-53. doi: 10.1007/s10928-016-9503-z. Epub 2017 Jan 6.

Helpful Links

• AmgenTrials clinical trials website

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): February 7, 2014
• Primary Completion (Actual): April 15, 2014
• Study Completion (Actual): August 15, 2014

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: February 3, 2014
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 3, 2014
• First Posted (Estimate): February 4, 2014

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): August 31, 2018
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 2, 2018
• Last Verified: August 1, 2018

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: AMG 416, ESRD, hemodialysis
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Kidney Diseases; Urologic Diseases; Endocrine System Diseases; Renal Insufficiency; Parathyroid Diseases; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Hyperparathyroidism; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary
• Other Study ID Numbers: 20130147