Promoting Sport Participation During Early Parenthood

May 17, 2022 updated by: Ryan Rhodes, University of Victoria

The primary objective of this investigation is to test the efficacy of two sport participation formats (individual sport, team sport) on key psychosocial outcomes compared to a non-sport condition among parents of young children who were not participating in sport at baseline of the study.

Research of this type is important because parents represent a group dealing with numerous challenges and this is a period of time shown to have the greatest decline in physical activity. Furthermore, parents could reap great benefits in psychological health through the increase in physical activity and sport participation.

It is hypothesized that participation will be predicted by sports commitment as per the tenets of the Sport Commitment Model, and commitment will be predicted primarily by enjoyment (+), social constraints from family obligations/involvement alternatives (-), followed by social involvement opportunities/personal investments (+).

Study Overview

Status

Recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

This study is exploring the impact team sports has on psychological well-being of parents compared to individual sports or "personal time". Our research questions include:

Does 1) team sports participation (choice-based from existing adult recreation leagues in greater Victoria) increase psychosocial outcomes (quality of life, relationship satisfaction, social functioning, perceived parenting capability, enjoyment) compared with 2) individual sport participation (choice-based from adult recreation alternatives in greater Victoria), and 3) a control condition? Hypothesis: The team sports condition will show significantly larger changes in psychosocial outcomes compared to the two other conditions after three-months of participation (primary end-point). Furthermore, the individual sports condition will show significantly larger changes in psychosocial outcomes compared to the control condition after three-months of participation.

Secondary Research Questions

  1. Can participation in the team sports and individual sports conditions be explained by the constructs of the Sport Commitment model [21]? Hypothesis: Participation will be predicted by sports commitment as per the tenets of the Sport Commitment Model, and commitment will be predicted primarily by enjoyment (+), social constraints from family obligations/involvement alternatives (-), followed by social involvement opportunities/personal investments (+).
  2. Can group differences among parents with regard to these participation and psychosocial outcomes be explained through a mediation model? Hypothesis: The covariance of the assigned conditions on psychosocial outcomes will be explained by sport participation. In turn, the covariance between participation and assigned conditions will be explained by salient underlying motives from the Sport Commitment Model. In particular, enjoyment will explain the differences between both sport conditions but the better psychosocial outcomes from team sports will be explained by the additional social involvement opportunities.
  3. Is there a seasonal, gender, dual/single parent, age of child, or type of sport difference across primary outcomes by assigned condition? Hypothesis: These are exploratory research questions with no pre-set hypothesis. Both sport conditions may have participation lowered by weather conditions in the winter. Men may participate in sport more due to lower child-rearing expectations but there is limited research to support this conjecture at this time.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Anticipated)

240

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Locations

  • Canada
    • British Columbia
      • Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, V8P 5C2
        • Recruiting
        • Behavioural Medicine Laboratory
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Ryan E Rhodes, PhD
        • Contact:
          • Alison Quinlan
          • Phone Number: 250-472-5288
          • Email: bml@uvic.ca

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Men and women with children under the age of 13 who live in the Greater Victoria area
  • Must not have participated in any organized sport within the last month

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Parents who do not have a child under the age of 13
  • Parents who have or are currently playing an organized sport
  • Parents under the age of 18

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Other
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: Personal time condition
People randomized to this group will be asked to go on a "night out" with no kids (i.e. dinner, or a movie) once a month.
Behavioral: Night out
Participants in this group will be asked to go out to have a weekly night out or "personal time" of choice, such as dinner or a movie (only restrictions are they cannot go do a sport or physical activity and time must be spent without children).
Experimental: Individual sport condition
People randomized to this group will select an individual sport. They will be asked to participate in this individual sport for three months.
Behavioral: Individual sport condition
Participants will choose from a list of individual sports.
Experimental: Team sport condition
People randomized to this group will select a team sport. They will be asked to participate in the team sport for three months (length of the team sport season).
Behavioral: Team sports
Participants will choose from a list of team sports and will be signed up with the team.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in Parental Quality of Life
Time Frame: Baseline, six weeks and three months
Short Form 12 Health Survey will be administered in the baseline questionnaire
Baseline, six weeks and three months
Change in life satisfaction
Time Frame: Baseline, six weeks, and three months
Satisfaction with Life Scale will be examined at baseline. Citation: Diener E., Emmons R. A., Larsen R. J., Griffin S. (1985). The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49, 71-75.
Baseline, six weeks, and three months
Change in Parenting Stress
Time Frame: Baseline, six weeks and three months
Berry, JD, & Jones, W,H, (1995) The Parental Stress Scale : initial psychometric evidence. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 12, 463 - 472.
Baseline, six weeks and three months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Sport Commitment Model Questionnaire (Scanlan, 1993)
Time Frame: baseline, six-weeks, three months
Questionnaire measure from Scanlan, 1993
baseline, six-weeks, three months
Family functioning questionnaire
Time Frame: baseline, six weeks, three months
35 item questionnaire from Beavers, W. R., & Hampson, R. B. (1990). Successful families: Assessment and intervention. New York: Norton.
baseline, six weeks, three months
Relationship Satisfaction questionnaire
Time Frame: baseline, six weeks, three months

Relationship Assessment Scale Hendrick, S. S., Dicke, A., & Hendrick, C. (1998). The relationship assessment scale. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 15(1), 137-142.

HarperCollins.
baseline, six weeks, three months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

University of Victoria

Collaborators

Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

October 1, 2016

Primary Completion (Anticipated)

March 1, 2023

Study Completion (Anticipated)

March 1, 2023

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

August 30, 2016

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

September 7, 2016

First Posted (Estimate)

September 13, 2016

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

May 18, 2022

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

May 17, 2022

Last Verified

May 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

Other Study ID Numbers

  • BC16-207

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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