Strengthening Effect on Hamstring's Passive Mechanical Properties

Effects Of Different Strengthening Methods On Hamstring Muscle Group's Passive Mechanical Properties in Healthy Individuals

The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of different strengthening methods on hamstring muscle group's passive mechanical properties and to investigate this effect's relation with performance changes in healthy individuals. 42 healthy sedentary male participated in this study. Passive mechanical properties and strength of hamstring and quadriceps muscles, flexibility of hamstring muscles, anaerobic explosive strength, reaction time, agility were measured. Participants randomized evenly into one of three groups; eccentric, concentric and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES). After 8 weeks training period, participants were measured again.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Sports Physical Therapy
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Concentric Exercise; Other: Nordic Eccentric exercise; Other: Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 42
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Ankara, Turkey, 06100
    • Hacettepe University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 30 years (ADULT)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: Male

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• being sedentary

Exclusion Criteria:

• Having knee, hip and/or back pain
• Having a cardiovascular condition/disease
• History of previous knee and/or hip surgery
• Having a diagnose of any systemic disease
• History of previous hamstring injury
• Being physically active within last year ( Regular activity at least 3 days a week and continuity of at least 2 months was accepted as being physically active)

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: BASIC_SCIENCE
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Interventional Model: PARALLEL
• Masking: NONE

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
ACTIVE_COMPARATOR: Concentric; Leg Curl Training	Other: Concentric Exercise; Leg Curl Machine: 1st week - 1st day is 10 maximum repeat test. 2nd week - 2 days of training - 2 sets of 6 repeats. %60 percent of maximum load. 3rd week - 3 days of training - 3 sets of 6-8 repeats. %60-80 of maximum load. 4th-8th week - 3 days of training - 3 sets of 8-12 repeats. when 3 sets of 12 achieved, load was increased with 2.5kg.
ACTIVE_COMPARATOR: Eccentric; Nordic Hamstring Training	Other: Nordic Eccentric exercise; st week - 1 day - 2 sets of 5 repeats.; nd week - 2 days - 2 sets of 6 repeats.; rd week - 3 days - 3 sets of 6-8 repeats.; th week - 3 days - 3 sets of 8-10 repeats. 5-8th weeks - 3 days - 3 sets of 12-8 repeats. When achieved 3 sets of 12 repeats with full range, speed was increased.
ACTIVE_COMPARATOR: Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation; Stimulation Training	Other: Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation; 8 weeks, three times per week, 15 minutes of bilateral hamstring stimulation. 100 Hz. frequency, 600 microsecond duration rectangular current

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Passive Mechanical Properties	Tone, Elasticity and Stiffness evaluation. Evaluated with Myotonometer-3	Change from baseline passive mechanical properties at 8 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Flexibility Measurement	Sit and reach test was used for hamstring flexibility	Change from baseline flexibility at 8 weeks
Muscle Strength Measurement	Hamstring and Quadriceps strength were measured with LaFayette Manuel Muscle Tester	Change from baseline muscle strength at 8 weeks
Agility Measurement	Illinois Agility Test was used for agility measurement	Change from baseline agility time at 8 weeks
Anaerobic Explosive Power	Jump and Reach test was administered	Change from baseline anaerobic explosive power at 8 weeks
Reaction Time	ruler drop test was used for reaction timing	Change from baseline reaction time at 8 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Hacettepe University
• Investigators: Study Director: tuzun fırat, Assoc. Prof., Hacettepe University

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Ayala F, Sainz de Baranda P, De Ste Croix M, Santonja F. Reproducibility and criterion-related validity of the sit and reach test and toe touch test for estimating hamstring flexibility in recreationally active young adults. Phys Ther Sport. 2012 Nov;13(4):219-26. doi: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2011.11.001. Epub 2012 Jan 23.
• Mentiplay BF, Perraton LG, Bower KJ, Adair B, Pua YH, Williams GP, McGaw R, Clark RA. Assessment of Lower Limb Muscle Strength and Power Using Hand-Held and Fixed Dynamometry: A Reliability and Validity Study. PLoS One. 2015 Oct 28;10(10):e0140822. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140822. eCollection 2015.
• Amiri-Khorasani M, Sahebozamani M, Tabrizi KG, Yusof AB. Acute effect of different stretching methods on Illinois agility test in soccer players. J Strength Cond Res. 2010 Oct;24(10):2698-704. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181bf049c.
• Schwesig R, Koke A, Fischer D, Fieseler G, Jungermann P, Delank KS, Hermassi S. Validity and Reliability of the New Handball-Specific Complex Test. J Strength Cond Res. 2016 Feb;30(2):476-86. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001061.
• Mjolsnes R, Arnason A, Osthagen T, Raastad T, Bahr R. A 10-week randomized trial comparing eccentric vs. concentric hamstring strength training in well-trained soccer players. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2004 Oct;14(5):311-7. doi: 10.1046/j.1600-0838.2003.367.x.
• Glaviano NR, Langston WT, Hart JM, Saliba S. Influence of patterned electrical neuromuscular stimulation on quadriceps activation in individuals with knee joint injury. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2014 Dec;9(7):915-23.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (ACTUAL): March 21, 2019
• Primary Completion (ACTUAL): December 1, 2019
• Study Completion (ACTUAL): December 1, 2019

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 18, 2019
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 20, 2019
• First Posted (ACTUAL): March 21, 2019

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (ACTUAL): April 22, 2020
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 20, 2020
• Last Verified: April 1, 2020

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Electric Stimulation Therapy; Elasticity; Physical Conditioning, Human; Muscle Tonus
• Other Study ID Numbers: HacettepeSportsPhysio

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No