Effects of Low-Speed and High-Speed Resistance Training Programs on Frailty Status (RTF)

Effects of Low-Speed and High-Speed Resistance Training Programs on Frailty Status, Physical Performance, Cognitive Function, and Blood Pressure in Prefrail and Frail Older Adults

The present study refers to a three-arm randomized controlled trial that investigated the effects of two types of RT on frailty status, physical performance, cognitive function, and blood pressure of prefrail and frail older adults.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Frailty
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: Physical Exercise

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 122
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Brazil
  • SP
    • Poá, SP, Brazil
      • Cantinho do Idoso Senior Center
    • Poá, SP, Brazil
      • Mãe Maria Nursing Home

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 60 years to 99 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• a) aged 60 years or over; b) were prefrail or frail according to Fried's criteria; c) performed the sit-to-stand test alone, with a mobility aid, or researcher's help; d) possessed sufficient physical and cognitive abilities to perform exercise sessions; and e) had a physician authorization to participate.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Exclusion criteria included having participated in a structured physical exercise training program in the past six months, prescription of hormone replacement therapy and/or psychotropic drugs, and any unstable cardiovascular event (e.g., myocardial infarction) or complication in the past 6 months.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: High-Speed Resistance Training; Participants performed exercises 8 times (sets) with 3-5 repetitions at 70%-75% of the maximal strength.	Behavioral: Physical Exercise; Exercise interventions were carried out over a total of 16 weeks in the mornings (08:00 am-12:00 am) under the supervision of at least two fitness instructors. Participants performed four exercises for lower limbs (Figure 9): 1st) squat on the chair, 2nd) seated unilateral hip flexion, 3rd) seated unilateral knee extension, and 4th) bilateral calf raise with 12-15 submaximal repetitions avoiding fatigue (i.e., inability to complete a repetition in a full range of motion). The number of sets was increased linearly during the first month, such that one set was performed in the 1st week, two sets in the 2nd week, 3 sets in the 3rd week, and 4 sets in the 4th week. Subsequently, participants performed the main exercise period. After a brief warm-up, participants performed the same exercises that were performed during the familiarization period using an adjustable weight vest and ankle weights (DOMYOS®, Shangai, China).; Other Names: Resistance Training
Experimental: Low-Speed Resistance Training; Participants performed exercises 4 times (sets) with 8-10 repetitions at 70%-75% of the maximal strength.	Behavioral: Physical Exercise; Exercise interventions were carried out over a total of 16 weeks in the mornings (08:00 am-12:00 am) under the supervision of at least two fitness instructors. Participants performed four exercises for lower limbs (Figure 9): 1st) squat on the chair, 2nd) seated unilateral hip flexion, 3rd) seated unilateral knee extension, and 4th) bilateral calf raise with 12-15 submaximal repetitions avoiding fatigue (i.e., inability to complete a repetition in a full range of motion). The number of sets was increased linearly during the first month, such that one set was performed in the 1st week, two sets in the 2nd week, 3 sets in the 3rd week, and 4 sets in the 4th week. Subsequently, participants performed the main exercise period. After a brief warm-up, participants performed the same exercises that were performed during the familiarization period using an adjustable weight vest and ankle weights (DOMYOS®, Shangai, China).; Other Names: Resistance Training
No Intervention: Control Group; No activities

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Frailty Status	Frailty status will be assessed using the Fried Frailty Phenotype Scale published in 2001.	16 weeks
Physical Performance	Physical Performance will be assessed using the sit-to-stand test.	16 weeks
Cognitive Function	Cognition will be assessed using the Mini Mental State Examination	16 weeks
Blood Pressure		16 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Campinas, Brazil

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Coelho-Junior HJ, Uchida MC. Effects of Low-Speed and High-Speed Resistance Training Programs on Frailty Status, Physical Performance, Cognitive Function, and Blood Pressure in Prefrail and Frail Older Adults. Front Med (Lausanne). 2021 Jul 26;8:702436. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.702436. eCollection 2021.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): October 1, 2017
• Primary Completion (Actual): August 29, 2019
• Study Completion (Actual): August 29, 2019

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: April 22, 2021
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 27, 2021
• First Posted (Actual): April 30, 2021

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 30, 2021
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 27, 2021
• Last Verified: April 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pathologic Processes; Frailty
• Other Study ID Numbers: 20021919.7.0000.5404

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No