The Association Between Restricted Ankle Joint Dorsiflexion and Dynamic Knee Valgus (TOBROD)

The Association Between Restricted Ankle Joint Dorsiflexion and Dynamic Knee Valgus in Non-injured Youth Federated Basketball Players: a Cross-sectional Study

The purpose of this study was to analyze if a low ankle dorsiflexion range is associate with dynamic knee valgus in youth basketball players.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Knee Injuries; Adolescent Development; Movement, Abnormal; Ankle Injuries and Disorders
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: Observation

Detailed Description

Cross-sectional study. Ankle dorsiflexion range of motion was assessed by the Weight-bearing lunge test and the dynamic knee valgus by the Single leg squat test.

The participants were basketball players who belonged to youth basketball de-velopmental teams in the under-12 (U12), under-14 (U14), under-16 (U16) and under-17 (U17) categories. All participants were recruited by means of simple random sampling from the Catalan Basketball Federation during the 2018-2019 season. The participants were classified according to gender and age as stipulated by the rules determined an-nually for the respective official competitions. The study was carried out in the facilities of each club. The inclusion criteria were being age >12 and ≤17 at testing and actively competing during the study. Subjects were excluded if they had sustained any type of injury in the lower limbs before screening; presented any injury (overuse or acute) at the time of testing; if they had any oncological, psychological and/or psychiatric illnesses; or if they did not attend on the day of the assessment.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 791

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Spain
  • Barcelona, Spain, 08018
    • Federación Catalana de Baloncesto

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 8 years to 13 years (Child)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: N/A

• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

The participants were basketball players who belonged to youth basketball de-velopmental teams in the under-12 (U12), under-14 (U14), under-16 (U16) and under-17 (U17) categories.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Being age >12 and ≤17 at testing and actively competing during the study

Exclusion Criteria:

• Subjects were excluded if they had sustained any type of injury in the lower limbs before screening; presented any injury (overuse or acute) at the time of testing; if they had any oncological, psychological and/or psychiatric illnesses; or if they did not attend on the day of the assessment.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Observational Models: Ecologic or Community
• Time Perspectives: Cross-Sectional

Number of groups / cohorts

1

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort

Intervention / Treatment

Experimental group; All participants allowed three practice trials for each test in this order: the Weight-bearing lunge test and the Single-leg squat test. Both of them were evaluated through the Leg Motion system (LegMotion, your MOtion®, Albacete, Spain)

Behavioral: Observation; Ankle joint dorsiflexion was evaluated with the Weight-bearing lunge test through the Leg Motion system (LegMotion, your MOtion®, Albacete, Spain). Subjects were instructed to try to bring the knee to touch the metal rod (initially placed at a distance of 10 cm) without lifting the heel off the ground. The distance achieved was recorded in centimeters. Single-leg squat test was analyzed through the Leg Motion system (LegMotion, your MOtion®, Albacete, Spain). It consists of performing a monopodial squat to test dynamic knee valgus. They were to perform a single-leg squat to 30° knee flexion. The knee was considered to be aligned if the patella was over the second toe.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Ankle joint dorsiflexion	he Weight-bearing Lunge Test measured with the Leg Motion® system (Check Your Motion, Albacete) was used. Ankle dorsiflexion was recorded in centimeters.	1 year
Dynamic lower extremity valgus	The Single Leg Squat Test was used. The evaluator recorded a frontal and sagittal view with two filming devices. The knee was considered to be aligned if the patella was over the second toe.	1 year

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Age	Years	1 year
Gender	Male or female	1 year
Weight	Kilograms	1 year
Height	Centimeters	1 year
Wingspan	Centimeters	1 year
Body mass index	Kg/m2	1 year
Hypermobility	Beighton's criteria (scores of >7 points out of a total of 9 points were considered hypermobile)	1 year
Age categories	According to the age of the participant could compete in 4 categories: U12, U14, U16 or U17.	1 year

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University Rovira i Virgili

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): October 1, 2018
• Primary Completion (Actual): May 20, 2019
• Study Completion (Actual): June 30, 2019

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: August 10, 2022
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 10, 2022
• First Posted (Actual): August 12, 2022

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): November 7, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 2, 2023
• Last Verified: November 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Adolescent; Range of motion; Ankle; Basketball; Knee valgus
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Central Nervous System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Neurologic Manifestations; Leg Injuries; Movement Disorders; Wounds and Injuries; Dyskinesias; Ankle Injuries; Knee Injuries
• Other Study ID Numbers: 123/2018_3

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No