Intravenous Iron Sucrose for Acute Decompensated Heart Failure Patients With Reduced Ejection Fraction and Iron Deficiency (IronSucroseHF)

Iron deficiency (ID) affects about 25% of the global population, presenting with symptoms of fatigue, weakness, and impaired cognitive function. Its prevalence is lower in developed regions, due to fortified foods, supplements, and better healthcare. In contrast, ID is more common in resource-limited countries, where diets lack iron, healthcare is less accessible, and infections like malaria and hookworm are more prevalent. In Asia, ID rates vary widely, influenced by dietary habits, socioeconomic factors, and healthcare quality.

The concurrent presence of ID and heart failure (HF) is increasingly acknowledged as a significant clinical issue, leading to a worsened prognosis and diminished quality of life for those affected. Recent research has reported a high prevalence of ID among HF patients, ranging from 30% to 50%, depending on the population studied and the diagnostic criteria used. Furthermore, ID in HF is linked with increased disease severity, higher hospitalization rates, and a greater risk of mortality. Interestingly, the prevalence of co-existing ID among HF patients does not vary between Western and Asian cohorts.

Recent clinical trials involving the supplement of ferric carboxymaltose have shown the effectiveness of intravenous iron therapy in enhancing exercise capacity, improving quality of life, and reducing HF-related hospitalizations in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and ID. The European and American guidelines both recommend routine screening for ID in HFrEF patients and suggest considering iron carboxymaltose for those with ID to improve clinical outcomes.

Despite the importance of addressing ID in HF for optimizing patient care and improving prognosis, in many countries, due to the high price of iron carboxymaltose, only iron sucrose is available for intravenous iron supplementation, which is contrary to current guidelines. The efficacy and safety of intravenous iron sucrose in patients with HF and ID were demonstrated in the FERRIC-HF trial, but this study was conducted more than a decade ago. In an era marked by significant changes in HF treatment approaches, it remains unclear whether intravenous iron sucrose provides benefits to HF patients receiving current treatment. In this study, our objective is to examine the impact of intravenous iron sucrose on acutely decompensated HFrEF patients with co-existing ID, with a focus on improvements in iron profiles and quality of life. Our hypothesis suggests that, despite advancements in standard HF treatments, the additional use of intravenous iron sucrose could lead to an improved quality of life among HFrEF patients with ID.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Iron Deficiency; Hospitalization; Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Iron Sucrose IV; Drug: Standard Medical Therapy

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 76
• Phase: Phase 4

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Taiwan
  • Taipei, Taiwan, 112
    • Cheng Hsin General Hospital

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Child; Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion criteria were: (1) adult patients admitted with acute decompensated HFrEF (i.e., a left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] of less than 40%) and New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class II or III symptoms; and (2) patients meeting the laboratory criteria for ID at hospitalization, defined as ferritin levels below 100 ng/mL, or ferritin levels between 100 and 299 ng/mL with transferrin saturation (TSAT) below 20%.

- Exclusion criteria included: (1) hemoglobin levels of 15 g/dL or higher; (2) refusal to participate; (3) active infection or bleeding; (4) concomitant oral iron treatment; and (5) terminal illness with an expected lifespan under 6 months.

-

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Iron sucrose; IV iron sucrose 200mg per visit	Drug: Iron Sucrose IV; IV iron sucrose 200mg per visit; Drug: Standard Medical Therapy; Standard of care (HFrEF 4 pillars treatment)
Active Comparator: Standard of care; Standard of care (HFrEF4 pillars treatment)	Drug: Standard Medical Therapy; Standard of care (HFrEF 4 pillars treatment)

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
KCCQ score (quality of life)	KCCQ score (quality of life)	4 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Iron profiles	Iron profiles, including ferritin, iron, TIBC, TSAT	4 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Cheng-Hsin General Hospital

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Ponikowski P, Anker SD, AlHabib KF, Cowie MR, Force TL, Hu S, Jaarsma T, Krum H, Rastogi V, Rohde LE, Samal UC, Shimokawa H, Budi Siswanto B, Sliwa K, Filippatos G. Heart failure: preventing disease and death worldwide. ESC Heart Fail. 2014 Sep;1(1):4-25. doi: 10.1002/ehf2.12005.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): May 1, 2023
• Primary Completion (Actual): October 31, 2024
• Study Completion (Actual): October 31, 2024

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 21, 2024
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 21, 2024
• First Posted (Estimated): November 25, 2024

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimated): November 25, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 21, 2024
• Last Verified: November 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Quality of life; Heart failure; Iron sucrose; Hospitalization
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Cardiovascular Diseases; Heart Diseases; Metabolic Diseases; Hematologic Diseases; Anemia; Iron Metabolism Disorders; Anemia, Hypochromic; Iron Deficiencies; Heart Failure; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency; Hematinics; Ferric Oxide, Saccharated
• Other Study ID Numbers: CHGH_IronSucrose_HFrEF_ID

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No