Effects of Bidomain Cognitive and Aerobic Training on Cognitive Functioning in Mild Cognitive Impairment.

April 2, 2026 updated by: Riphah International University
The study aims to assess the effects of Bidomain cognitive and aerobic training on both cognitive functioning and quality of life in individuals with mild cognitive impairment.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

The proposed study addresses a notable gap in the literature regarding the comparison between combined cognitive-aerobic training and cognitive training alone in improving cognitive function for patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). While previous studies have demonstrated the positive effects of both training methods on cognitive function independently, there is currently no research directly comparing their effectiveness when used together. The study aims to provide evidence on which treatment regime-combined cognitive-aerobic training or cognitive training alone-offers better outcomes for MCI patients. Aerobic training is known to enhance brain structure and function by strengthening neuronal connections, largely due to increased levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and enhanced vascularization, which stimulates hippocampal growth. On the other hand, cognitive training improves global cerebral functional connectivity, particularly activating the prefrontal cortex, which leads to better cognitive performance. Combining these training modalities may yield greater benefits than focusing on just one, offering a cost-effective, accessible approach that could significantly improve the quality of life and daily functioning for individuals with MCI.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

44

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Pakistan
    • Punjab Province
      • Chakwal, Punjab Province, Pakistan, 48800
        • DHQ Chakwal

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Older adults 60 years & above
  • With normal vision and color perception
  • Independent Individual capable of carrying out daily tasks
  • Individuals scoring 21-25 on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Medication affecting the exercise capacity of individual
  • Regular participation in aerobic training for the last six months
  • Cardiovascular or other diseases that do not allow physical activity
  • A diagnosed severe psychiatric disease (e.g., depression)
  • Patients with cognitive impairment or other neurological impairments due to AD or dementia.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Double

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Combined Cognitive & Aerobic Training Group
The ACT combined training will consist of simultaneous aerobic exercise and cognitive training in a dual-task format.
Other: Combined Cognitive & Aerobics Training
The ACT combined training will consist of simultaneous aerobic exercise and cognitive training in a dual-task format, conducted twice a week for 8 weeks. The aerobic training (AT) will consist of twice-weekly sessions that include yoga, brisk walking, pedaling exercises, and step aerobics, alongside cognitive training involving speed processing, memory recall, problem-solving, and visual attention exercises. Each session will last approximately 20 minutes, and assessments will be performed at baseline, 4th week, and 8th week.
Active Comparator: Cognitive Training Group
Cognitive training group include cognitive training involving speed processing, memory recall, problem-solving, and visual attention exercises.
Other: Cognitive Training
Cognitive training involving speed processing, memory recall, problem-solving, and visual attention exercises. Each session will last approximately 20 minutes, and assessments will be performed at baseline, the 4th week, and the 8th week.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Mini-mental state examination (MMSE)
Time Frame: 8 weeks
The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is a widely used screening test for cognitive deficits, with scores ranging from 0 to 30. A score of 24 or below indicates potential cognitive impairment, particularly for patients aged 65 and older. The MMSE evaluates verbal abilities, where scores of 30-27 are considered normal, while lower scores indicate mild (26-21 points), moderate (20-10 points), or severe (9-0 points) dementia.
8 weeks
Short Cognitive Test (SKT)
Time Frame: 8 weeks

The SKT (Syndrom-Kurz-Test) is a recognized short cognitive performance test used to detect attention and memory deficits. It features subtest norm values ranging from 0 to 3, with a total score ranging from 0 to 27, where higher scores indicate more severe cognitive impairment. The SKT assesses memory performance and attention based on processing speed.

The SKT (Syndrom-Kurz-Test) is a recognized short cognitive performance test used to detect attention and memory deficits. It features subtest norm values ranging from 0 to 3, with a total score ranging from 0 to 27, where higher scores indicate more severe cognitive impairment. The SKT assesses memory performance and attention based on processing speed.
8 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
World health observational quality of life-BREF-100
Time Frame: 8 weeks
Quality of life (QOL) is essential for understanding the subjective experience of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its impact on individuals. In the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire, scores range from 0 (worst possible health) to 100 (best possible health), with higher scores indicating better QOL. Each domain score is calculated by taking the mean of items within that domain and then transformed linearly to a 0-100 scale
8 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Riphah International University

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Saliha Ashfaq, MS-NMPT*, Riphah International University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

February 28, 2025

Primary Completion (Actual)

August 28, 2025

Study Completion (Actual)

August 28, 2025

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

March 4, 2025

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

March 4, 2025

First Posted (Actual)

March 10, 2025

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

April 8, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 2, 2026

Last Verified

April 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • REC/MS-PT/O2029 Saliha Ashfaq

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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