Injectable Bioactive Composites vs RMGI for Proximal Cavities in Primary Molars (GIOMER-RCT)

April 24, 2026 updated by: Nadine elsayed Elshayal, Cairo University

Clinical Evaluation of Injectable Bioactive Composites Versus Resin Modified Glass Ionomer for Restoring Proximal Cavities in Primary Molars: A Randomized Clinical Tria

This randomized clinical trial aims to evaluate and compare the clinical performance of injectable bioactive composite (Beautifil Flow Plus X, Shofu) versus Resin Modified Glass Ionomer (RMGI) in restoring proximal cavities (Class II) in primary molars of children aged 3-8 years over a 12-month follow-up period, using revised FDI criteria.

Study Overview

Status

Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Dental caries remains the most prevalent chronic disease in children. The choice of restorative material for primary teeth significantly impacts treatment outcomes and longevity. This study compares two fluoride-releasing restorative materials in proximal cavities of primary molars.

Eligible children aged 3-8 years with ICDAS 3 or 4 proximal carious lesions in primary molars will be randomly allocated into two equal groups (24 teeth each):

Group I (Intervention): Restoration with injectable bioactive giomer (Beautifil Flow Plus X F00, Shofu) using BeautiBond Xtreme adhesive Group II (Control): Restoration with Resin Modified Glass Ionomer (RMGI)

Restorations will be clinically evaluated at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months using revised FDI criteria assessing biological properties (secondary caries, sensitivity, tooth integrity), functional properties (marginal adaptation, proximal contact, occlusal wear, fracture/retention), and aesthetic properties.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

50

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact Backup

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Children aged 3-8 years of both genders
  • Cooperative behavior manageable by operators
  • Willing to sign informed consent
  • Accepts the follow-up period
  • Moderate to low caries risk according to Cariogram application
  • Posterior primary molar with proximal carious lesion (ICDAS 3 or 4) with no signs or symptoms of pulpal involvement
  • Radiographically extending to outer 1/3 of dentin

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Allergy to any restorative materials
  • Patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances
  • Patients with debilitating systemic diseases
  • Children with special needs
  • Teeth with previous restorations
  • Periapical radiolucencies or sensitivity to percussion
  • Mobile teeth
  • External or internal resorption
  • Cervical carious lesions

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: RMGIC
cavity restorations in primary molars using a resin-modified glass ionomer cement. Following standard cavity preparation, the RMGI material will be placed according to the manufacturer's instructions. Clinical performance will be evaluated over the follow-up period in terms of restoration retention, marginal adaptation, secondary caries, postoperative sensitivity, and overall clinical success.
Other: giomer
restoration of proximal cavities in primary molars using an injectable bioactive composite (Giomer) material. Cavities will be prepared following minimally invasive principles, isolated appropriately, and restored according to the manufacturer's instructions using adhesive bonding. Clinical performance will be evaluated in terms of retention, marginal adaptation, secondary caries, postoperative sensitivity, and overall restoration success during the follow-up period.
Experimental: giomer
restoration of proximal cavities in primary molars using an injectable bioactive composite (Giomer) material. Cavities will be prepared following minimally invasive principles, isolated appropriately, and restored according to the manufacturer's instructions using adhesive bonding. Clinical performance will be evaluated in terms of retention, marginal adaptation, secondary caries, postoperative sensitivity, and overall restoration success during the follow-up period.
Other: RMGI
Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer (RMGI) is a fluoride-releasing restorative material used for the restoration of carious primary teeth. It combines the properties of conventional glass ionomer cement with resin components to improve mechanical strength, adhesion, and moisture tolerance. In this study, RMGI will be used for restoring cavitated carious lesions in primary teeth following caries removal according to minimally invasive dentistry principles.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Secondary Caries
Time Frame: Baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months
Assessed using revised FDI criteria (B1: caries at restoration margin). Evaluated by visual examination and short air drying. Scored on ordinal scale 1-5.
Baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Postoperative sensitivity / pulp status
Time Frame: Baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months
Presence of caries at restoration margin assessed by visual examination using revised FDI criteria (B1), scored 1-5.
Baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months
Marginal Adaptation
Time Frame: Baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months
Quality of marginal seal between restoration and tooth structure assessed using revised FDI criteria (F2), scored 1-5.
Baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months
Proximal Contact Point
Time Frame: Baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months
Presence and quality of proximal contact between restored tooth and adjacent tooth assessed using revised FDI criteria (F3), scored 1-5
Baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months
Occlusal Wear
Time Frame: Baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months
Degree of wear of restoration surface under occlusal loading assessed using revised FDI criteria (F5), scored 1-5
Baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months
Fracture and Retention
Time Frame: Baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months
Presence of cracks, fractures, or loss of restoration assessed using revised FDI criteria (F1), scored 1-5
Baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Cairo University

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Nadine Elshayal, Cairo University
  • Principal Investigator: Dina Ez Mohamed, Cairo University
  • Study Director: Osama Elshahawy, Cairo University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

May 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

June 1, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

September 1, 2027

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

February 18, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 24, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

May 1, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

May 1, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 24, 2026

Last Verified

April 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • CairoU-Injectable VS RMGI

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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