Comparison of Qigong and Otago in Patient With Diabetic Neuropathy

Comparison of Qigong and Otago on Agility, Balance, Gait, and Quality of Life in Patients With Diabetic Neuropathy

This study seeks to compare these two interventions to better understand their impact on key health outcomes in patients affected by diabetic neuropathy, providing valuable insights for clinicians and healthcare providers managing this challenging condition

Study Overview

• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Conditions: Diabetic Neuropathies
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Qigong Balance; Other: Otago Balance

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Estimated): 44
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Muneeb khan, PhD; Phone Number: +92336799611; Email: muneeb.khan@riphah.edu.pk

Study Locations

• Pakistan
  • Punjab Province
    • Guiranwala, Punjab Province, Pakistan, 54500
      • DHQ Gujranwala
      • Contact: Javeria Ghazal, MS; Phone Number: +923335154664
      • Principal Investigator: Junaid Raza, MS

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Physician-diagnosed type 2 diabetes without gender bias, with peripheral neuropathy (defined by Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument questionnaire score of 5 or greater)
• Type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy patients
• The ability to walk independently for 10 m
• Having score between 46 to 52 (out of a total of 56 points) on the BBS

Exclusion Criteria:

• Fracture of the lower limb within the 6 months before the study (15)
• Diabetic ulcer, infection or partial amputation in feet (15)
• Disease or functional impairment of auditory, vestibular system (16)
• Any other medical conditions that would confound assessment of neuropathy such as malignancy, other neurological or orthopedic impairments (such as stroke, poliomyelitis, rheumatoid arthritis, prosthesis, or severe osteoarthritis), major vascular complications (venous or arterial ulcers), severe retinopathy, or severe nephropathy that causes edema or needs hemodialysis (17)
• Dementia or inability to give consistent information (18)
• History of surgical procedure at the knee, ankle, or hip or indication of surgery throughout the intervention period

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Double

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Qigong Balance	Other: Qigong Balance; Quigong Balance Exercises 3 times per week for 60 minutes per session Open the Flow: Focus on fluid arm movements to enhance relaxation and improve circulation. Shaking Exercise: A full-body shake to release tension and promote energy flow. Lifting the Ball: Alternating arm movements simulating lifting a ball to improve upper body strength and coordination. Playing with Water: Slow, flowing movements that enhance balance and mindfulness. Weight Shifting and Balance Exercises: Stand with feet hip-width apart, shifting weight slowly from one leg to the other, holding each position for 10-15 seconds to engage stabilizing muscles in the legs and improve proprioception. Leg Lifts and Extensions: Perform controlled leg lifts (front, side, and back) to strengthen the quadriceps, hamstrings, and hip abductors.
Active Comparator: Otago Balance	Other: Otago Balance; Otago (Strengthening) Balance: Sit-to-stand exercises: to improve leg strength. Heel raises: to enhance calf strength. Toe stands: for improving foot stability. Balance Training: Single-leg stands: to enhance balance. Tandem walking: along a straight line. Side leg raises: to strengthen hip muscles 3 times per week for 60 minutes per session

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Agility T-Test	The Agility T-Test is a performance-based assessment that measures an individual's agility and ability to change direction quickly. It involves a sequence where the participant runs to a designated point, makes sharp turns around markers in a T-shaped layout, and returns to the starting position.	12th week
Berg Balance Scale	is the gold standard test for static and dynamic balance abilities. The BBS is used to measure ability to maintain balance while doing functional task search as reach, standing position and transferences. It is a valid instrument used for the evaluation of effectiveness of interventions with quantitative description of function in clinical practice as well as research. It consists of 14 items including simple balance tasks from everyday life.	12th week
Functional Reach Test	FRT is a single item test for dynamic balance and acts as a quick screen for balance problems in older adults. The distance between the lengths of an outstretched arm in a maximal forward reach, while maintaining a fixed base of support is measured. A score of 6 inches or less indicates a significant increased risk for falls. A score between 6-10 inches indicates a moderate risk for falls. the Functional Reach Test (FRT) demonstrates an ICC of approximately 0.85 to 0.94	12th week
Gait Speed Test	The Gait Speed Test measures the time it takes for an individual to walk a specific distance, usually 10 meters, at their usual pace. It has demonstrated strong validity and reliability, with an Intra class Correlation Coefficient (ICC) often exceeding 0.90	12th week
10-Meter Walk Test	The 10-Meter Walk Test involves timing a participant as they walk a distance of 10 meters at their comfortable pace. It assesses gait speed, which is an important indicator of mobility and overall functional ability.	12th week

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Riphah International University
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Javeria Ghazal, MS, Riphah International University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Estimated): May 15, 2026
• Primary Completion (Estimated): August 15, 2026
• Study Completion (Estimated): August 30, 2026

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: February 23, 2026
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 4, 2026
• First Posted (Actual): May 8, 2026

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): May 8, 2026
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 4, 2026
• Last Verified: May 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Endocrine System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Neuromuscular Diseases; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Complications; Diabetic Neuropathies
• Other Study ID Numbers: REC/RCR &AHS/24/0297

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No