Phenotypic Age Acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel) for Joint Prediction of Disease Risk, Mortality Risk, Life Expectancy, and Disease-Free Healthspan in Major Chronic Diseases

The goal of this observational study is to learn about the ability of Phenotypic Age Acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel) to predict four key health outcomes in Chinese people with or at risk of major chronic diseases: the risk of developing new chronic diseases, the risk of dying, life expectancy, and disease-free healthspan.

The main questions this study aims to answer are:

• Does higher PhenoAgeAccel increase the risk of developing major chronic diseases (including diabetes, dementia, cancer, and chronic respiratory diseases) in Chinese adults?
• Does higher PhenoAgeAccel increase the risk of death from all causes in Chinese adults?
• How do life expectancy and disease-free healthspan differ between people with high versus low PhenoAgeAccel?

Who can take part in this study? Adults aged 35 or above years old who receive routine care at participating hospitals in China, have complete routine blood test data available, and have provided consent to use their health information for research purposes.

What will participants go through? Participants will receive their usual medical care as they normally would. No new treatments, tests, or procedures will be performed specifically for this study. We will collect data from their medical records, including blood test results used to calculate PhenoAgeAccel, diagnoses of new diseases, and dates of death.

What are the potential benefits? Participants will not receive direct personal benefits from taking part in this study. However, the information learned may help us better understand biological aging and improve future risk assessment and health management for people with chronic diseases.

Is this study safe? Yes. This is an observational study that does not involve any new drugs, devices, or invasive procedures. All data used in the study will be de-identified and kept strictly confidential to protect participants' privacy.

Study Overview

• Status: Recruiting
• Conditions: Phenotypic Age Acceleration; Biological Aging Marker; Mortality Risk Prediction; Disease Risk Prediction; Life Expectancy; Disease-Free Healthspan; Chinese Population; Observational Cohort Study
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: No Intervention (Observational Study)

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Estimated): 2000000

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Xi-jian Dai, Doctor; Phone Number: 13755756959; Email: daixjdoctor@126.com

Study Locations

• China
  • Jiangxi
    • Nanchang, Jiangxi, China, 330006
      • Recruiting
      • Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
      • Contact: Xi-Jian Dai Xi-Jian Dai, MD; Phone Number: +86-137-5575-6959; Email: daixjdoctor@126.com
      • Contact: Email: daixjdoctor@126.com

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

The study population consists of Chinese adults aged 35-73 years from multicenter clinical cohorts in northern and southern China, with complete routine blood test data available at baseline. All participants are patients receiving routine care at collaborating hospitals. Data are prospectively collected via electronic medical records to analyze the association between Phenotypic Age Acceleration and major chronic disease and mortality outcomes.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adults aged 35-73 years old. Complete routine blood test data available at baseline to calculate Phenotypic -Age (including albumin, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, glucose, C-reactive protein, lymphocyte percentage, mean corpuscular volume, red cell distribution width, and white blood cell count).

Complete demographic and clinical data (e.g., sex, BMI, comorbidities) available at baseline.

• Consent to use routine medical data for research follow-up analysis.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Presence of end-stage diseases (e.g., end-stage liver/renal failure) other than the major chronic diseases of interest at baseline.
• Key baseline data missing, making Phenotypic Age calculation impossible. Incomplete follow-up information or inability to confirm outcomes (e.g., death, disease onset) via database linkage.
• Refusal to participate in the study or withdrawal of informed consent.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

3

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort	Intervention / Treatment
Non-accelerated PhenoAge Group; Participants with normal biological aging, defined as Phenotypic Age Acceleration ≤ 0. No study-specific intervention is administered; all participants receive routine clinical care as usual.	Other: No Intervention (Observational Study); This is an observational study with no study-specific intervention. All participants receive their routine standard medical care as usual. No new drugs, devices, procedures, or behavioral modifications are assigned as part of this research.
Mildly Accelerated PhenoAge Group; Participants with mild biological aging acceleration, defined as 0 < Phenotypic Age Acceleration < median. No study-specific intervention is administered; all participants receive routine clinical care as usual.	Other: No Intervention (Observational Study); This is an observational study with no study-specific intervention. All participants receive their routine standard medical care as usual. No new drugs, devices, procedures, or behavioral modifications are assigned as part of this research.
Severely Accelerated PhenoAge Group; Participants with severe biological aging acceleration, defined as Phenotypic Age Acceleration ≥ median. No study-specific intervention is administered; all participants receive routine clinical care as usual.	Other: No Intervention (Observational Study); This is an observational study with no study-specific intervention. All participants receive their routine standard medical care as usual. No new drugs, devices, procedures, or behavioral modifications are assigned as part of this research.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Incidence of Major Chronic Diseases	Composite incidence of new-onset major chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, dementia, cancer, and chronic respiratory diseases, defined by ICD-10 codes from electronic medical records.	Baseline through study completion, average 10 years
All-Cause Mortality	All-cause mortality, defined as death from any cause, identified through linkage with death registration databases.	Baseline through study completion, average 10 years

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Life Expectancy	Estimated remaining life expectancy stratified by biological aging status (PhenoAgeAccel) using parametric survival models.	Baseline through study completion, average 10 years
Disease-Free Healthspan	Estimated years of life free from major chronic diseases, calculated as the difference between life expectancy and time spent with chronic diseases	Baseline through study completion, average 10 years

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): June 1, 2006
• Primary Completion (Estimated): June 1, 2030
• Study Completion (Estimated): June 30, 2030

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: May 8, 2026
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 16, 2026
• First Posted (Actual): May 19, 2026

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): May 19, 2026
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 16, 2026
• Last Verified: May 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Investigative Techniques; Methods; Observation
• Other Study ID Numbers: IIT-O-2024-136

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No