Modulation of immune tolerance with a Chinese traditional prescription inhibits allergic rhinitis in mice

Min-Qiang Xie, Jie Liu, Zhen Long, Dao-Fa Tian, Chang-Qing Zhao, Ping-Chang Yang, Min-Qiang Xie, Jie Liu, Zhen Long, Dao-Fa Tian, Chang-Qing Zhao, Ping-Chang Yang

Abstract

Background: Allergic diseases substantially affect human health and social economy. The pathogenesis is to be further understood. The effect of current therapeutic remedies on allergic diseases is not satisfactory.

Aims: This study aimed to inhibit allergic rhinitis in a mouse model with a Chinese traditional medical prescription, Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang.

Material and methods: A mouse AR model was developed with ovalbumin (OVA) plus adjuvant alum. The AR clinical symptoms and immune pathology in the nasal mucosa were assessed with the AR mouse model. Some mice were treated with Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang via gavage-fed. The immune tolerance status in the nasal mucosa was evaluated by counting the numbers of tolerogenic dendritic cells (DC) and regulatory T cells (Treg).

Results: After exposure to the specific antigen, OVA, the sensitized mice had AR-like symptoms including nasal itch and sneeze. The frequency of mast cells, levels of IgE/IL-4 in nasal mucosa was markedly higher in sensitized mice than naïve controls; while the levels of integration alphavbeta6 (avb6), the number of tolerogenic DCs and Tregs in nasal mucosa were significantly lower than naïve control mice. The AR-like symptoms and immune pathology and immune tolerance status in the AR nasal mucosa were substantially improved by administration with Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang.

Conclusions: The immune tolerance status is impaired in the AR nasal mucosa that can be improved by administering with Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang.

Keywords: Airways; Chinese traditional medicine; allergic rhinitis; immune tolerance; nose.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Allergic responses reduce the number of Foxp3+ Tregs in nasal mucosa. Balb/c mice (10 mice per group) were sensitized to and challenged with OVA. The nasal mucosa was taken from naïve mice (A), sensitized mice (B), mice treated with BZYQT before (C) and after (D) sensitization. The nasal mucosa was processed for immunohistochemistry. The Foxp3 was stained in blue and CD4 is stained in green. The CD4+ Foxp3+ Tregs were counted under confocal microscope. Twenty fields (×200) were counted on each sample. Panel E shows isotype IgG staining using as control. F, scatter dot plots show individual data points in panel A-D. *, p

Fig. 2

Allergic responses suppress tolerogenic DCs…

Fig. 2

Allergic responses suppress tolerogenic DCs in the nasal mucosa. Mice were treated with…

Fig. 2
Allergic responses suppress tolerogenic DCs in the nasal mucosa. Mice were treated with the same procedures in Fig.1. Nasal mucosa was taken for immune staining with anti-CD11c and anti-ALDH antibodies. A-D, confocal images show the positive staining of CD11c (in green) and ALDH (in blue). Cells stained in both green and blue were regarded as the tolerogenic DCs and counted (20 fields per mouse) under confocal microscope. Panel D is isotype IgG control. F, scatter dot plots show individual data points in panel A-D. Original magnification: ×200. Insert: ×630.

Fig. 3

Allergic responses down regulate the…

Fig. 3

Allergic responses down regulate the expression of avb6 in nasal mucosa. Mice were…

Fig. 3
Allergic responses down regulate the expression of avb6 in nasal mucosa. Mice were treated in the same procedures in Fig.1. Nasal mucosa was taken and analyzed by Western blotting. The immune blots show avb6 levels. Bars show the summarized densitometrical data (mean ± SD from 3 experiments). *, p
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References
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Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Allergic responses suppress tolerogenic DCs in the nasal mucosa. Mice were treated with the same procedures in Fig.1. Nasal mucosa was taken for immune staining with anti-CD11c and anti-ALDH antibodies. A-D, confocal images show the positive staining of CD11c (in green) and ALDH (in blue). Cells stained in both green and blue were regarded as the tolerogenic DCs and counted (20 fields per mouse) under confocal microscope. Panel D is isotype IgG control. F, scatter dot plots show individual data points in panel A-D. Original magnification: ×200. Insert: ×630.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Allergic responses down regulate the expression of avb6 in nasal mucosa. Mice were treated in the same procedures in Fig.1. Nasal mucosa was taken and analyzed by Western blotting. The immune blots show avb6 levels. Bars show the summarized densitometrical data (mean ± SD from 3 experiments). *, p

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