Rituximab Biosimilar Prevents Poor Outcomes of Microscopic Polyangiitis and Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis as Effectively as Rituximab Originator

Hyeok Chan Kwon, Minyoung Kevin Kim, Jason Jungsik Song, Yong Beom Park, Sang Won Lee, Hyeok Chan Kwon, Minyoung Kevin Kim, Jason Jungsik Song, Yong Beom Park, Sang Won Lee

Abstract

Purpose: There has been no extensive study to compare the efficacy between rituximab originator (Mabthera®) and its biosimilar (Truxima®) for microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). Here, we investigated the clinical effects of rituximab on poor outcomes of MPA and GPA in Korean patients, and compared those between Mabthera® and Truxima®.

Materials and methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of a total of 139 patients, including 97 MPA patients and 42 GPA patients. At diagnosis, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody positivity and comorbidities were assessed. During follow-up, all-cause mortality, relapse, end-stage renal disease, cerebrovascular accident and acute coronary syndrome were evaluated as poor outcomes. In this study, rituximab was used as either Mabthera® or Truxima®.

Results: The median age at diagnosis was 60.1 years and 46 patients were men (97 MPA and 42 GPA patients). Among poor outcomes, patients receiving rituximab exhibited a significantly lower cumulative relapse-free survival rate compared to those not receiving rituximab (p=0.002). Nevertheless, rituximab use did not make any difference in other poor outcomes of MPA and GPA except for relapse, which might be a rebuttal to the fact that rituximab use after relapse eventually led to better prognosis. There were no significant differences in variables at diagnosis and during follow-up between patients receiving Mabthera® and those receiving Truxima®. Patients receiving Truxima® exhibited a similar pattern of the cumulative survival rates of each poor outcome to those receiving Mabthera®.

Conclusion: Truxima® prevents poor outcomes of MPA and GPA as effectively as does Mabthera®.

Keywords: Rituximab; biosimilar; granulomatosis with polyangiitis; microscopic polyangiitis; prognosis.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no potential conflicts of interest to disclose.

© Copyright: Yonsei University College of Medicine 2020.

Figures

Fig. 1. Comparison of cumulative survival rates…
Fig. 1. Comparison of cumulative survival rates of poor outcomes based on the administration of rituximab. Among five poor outcomes during the follow-up period, patients receiving rituximab exhibited a significantly lower cumulative relapse-free survival rate than those compared to receiving rituximab. ESRD, end-stage renal disease; CVA, cerebrovascular accident, ACS, acute coronary syndrome.
Fig. 2. Comparison of cumulative survival rates…
Fig. 2. Comparison of cumulative survival rates of poor outcomes between rituximab originator (Mabthera®) and biosimilar (Truxima®). Among five poor outcomes, patients receiving Truxima® exhibited a similar pattern of cumulative survival rates for each poor outcome compared to those receiving Mabthera®. ESRD, end-stage renal disease; CVA, cerebrovascular accident, ACS, acute coronary syndrome.

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