Investigating Mental Health of US College Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Survey Study

Xiaomei Wang, Sudeep Hegde, Changwon Son, Bruce Keller, Alec Smith, Farzan Sasangohar, Xiaomei Wang, Sudeep Hegde, Changwon Son, Bruce Keller, Alec Smith, Farzan Sasangohar

Abstract

Background: Evidence suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic has generally increased levels of stress and depression among the public. However, the impact on college students in the United States has not been well-documented.

Objective: This paper surveys the mental health status and severity of depression and anxiety of college students in a large university system in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: An online survey was conducted among undergraduate and graduate students recruited from Texas A&M University via email. The survey consisted of two standardized scales-the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and the General Anxiety Disorder-7-for depression and anxiety, and additional multiple-choice and open-ended questions regarding stressors and coping mechanisms specific to COVID-19.

Results: Among the 2031 participants, 48.14% (n=960) showed a moderate-to-severe level of depression, 38.48% (n=775) showed a moderate-to-severe level of anxiety, and 18.04% (n=366) had suicidal thoughts. A majority of participants (n=1443, 71.26%) indicated that their stress/anxiety levels had increased during the pandemic. Less than half of the participants (n=882, 43.25%) indicated that they were able to cope adequately with the stress related to the current situation.

Conclusions: The proportion of respondents showing depression, anxiety, and/or suicidal thoughts is alarming. Respondents reported academic-, health-, and lifestyle-related concerns caused by the pandemic. Given the unexpected length and severity of the outbreak, these concerns need to be further understood and addressed.

Keywords: COVID-19; college student; coronavirus; depression; mental health; online survey; stress; student; university.

Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest: None declared.

©Xiaomei Wang, Sudeep Hegde, Changwon Son, Bruce Keller, Alec Smith, Farzan Sasangohar. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 17.09.2020.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Mean Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) score by classification.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Mean Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) score by classification.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Academic-related concerns.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Health-related concerns.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Lifestyle-related concerns.

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Source: PubMed

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