Association between anthropometric measures and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in Hainan centenarians: investigation based on the Centenarian's health study

Qiao Zhu, Xiao-Bing Wang, Yao Yao, Chao-Xue Ning, Xiao-Ping Chen, Fu-Xin Luan, Ya-Li Zhao, Qiao Zhu, Xiao-Bing Wang, Yao Yao, Chao-Xue Ning, Xiao-Ping Chen, Fu-Xin Luan, Ya-Li Zhao

Abstract

Background: Centenarians refer to a special group who have outlived most of their fellows. Body shape and abdominal obesity have been identified as cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Our study aimed to evaluate the relationship between body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and CVD risk factors among male and female centenarians in Hainan province.

Methods: Five hundred thirty-seven centenarians aged between 100 and 115 (Mage = 107 years old) years participated in this study. Each participant received a standardized questionnaire and physical examination. We measured anthropometric variables (BMI, WC, WHR, WHtR, SBP and DBP) and serum lipid (TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C).

Results: 76.9% (n = 413) of the study subjects were female. TC, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C were significantly higher in female group than that of male group. BMI, WC and WHtR were well-correlated with the CVD risk factors. The anthropometric measures were negatively related with HDL-C levels and positively related with the other CVD risk factors.

Conclusions: Hainan centenarians were short in stature and underweight. Moreover, female centenarians were often pear-shaped, while male centenarians were often apple-shaped. Further, BMI, WC and WHtR were well-correlated with the serum lipid, and TC, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C were significantly higher in females than males. Also, BMI, WC and WHtR were closely related to the incidence of dyslipidemia in females, including high TG, high LDL-C and low HDL-C.

Keywords: BMI; CVD risk factorts; Centenarians; WC; WHR; WHtR.

Conflict of interest statement

Ethics approval and consent to participate

The experimental protocol was established, according to the ethical guidelines of the Helsinki Declaration and was approved by the Human Ethics Committee of Hainan Branch of PLA General Hospital, Sanya, China. Written informed consent was obtained from individual participants.

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

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