A Randomized Pharmacokinetic Study in Healthy Male Subjects Comparing a High-concentration, Citrate-free SB5 Formulation (40 mg/0.4 ml) and Prior SB5 (Adalimumab Biosimilar)

So-Shin Ahn, Minkyung Lee, Yumin Baek, Sukho Lee, So-Shin Ahn, Minkyung Lee, Yumin Baek, Sukho Lee

Abstract

Introduction: SB5 is an approved biosimilar of adalimumab, a monoclonal anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) antibody. This study compared pharmacokinetics (PK), safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity between a new high-concentration, low-volume, and citrate-free formulation (40 mg/0.4 ml, SB5-HC) and the current low-concentration formulation with higher volume (40 mg/0.8 ml, SB5-LC) to evaluate the bioequivalence of the two formulations.

Methods: This study was a randomized, single-blind, two-arm, parallel-group, single-dose study in healthy male subjects. Subjects were randomized to receive either SB5-HC or SB5-LC via subcutaneous injection using a pre-filled syringe. Primary endpoints were the area under the curve of the concentration-time curve from zero to infinity (AUCinf) and maximum serum concentration (Cmax). Bioequivalence was achieved if the 90% confidence intervals (CIs) for the ratios of the geometric least squares mean (LSMean) of primary endpoints were within the pre-defined bioequivalence margins of 0.80-1.25. Secondary endpoints included safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity.

Results: Subjects (n = 188) were randomized to SB5-HC (n = 94) or SB5-LC (n = 94). Baseline characteristics were comparable between the two treatment groups. The mean values for AUCinf and Cmax were similar between the SB5-HC and SB5-LC groups. For the primary endpoints, the geometric LSMean ratios (90% CI) for AUCinf and Cmax were 0.920 (0.8262-1.0239) and 0.984 (0.9126-1.0604), respectively, placing the corresponding 90% CIs well within the pre-defined bioequivalence margin of 0.80-1.25. All treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were considered mild to moderate and were reported for 44.7% and 51.1% of subjects in the SB5-HC and SB5-LC groups, respectively. Immunogenicity assessed by frequency of occurrence of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) and neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) was comparable between groups.

Conclusions: This bridging study demonstrated PK equivalence and comparable safety and tolerability of subcutaneous injection of SB5 via SB5-HC or SB5-LC.

Clinicaltrials: GOV IDENTIFIER: https://ichgcp.net/clinical-trials-registry/NCT04514796 .

Keywords: Bioequivalence; Biosimilar; Pharmacokinetics; SB5; TNF inhibitor.

© 2022. The Author(s).

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
CONSORT Subject disposition. One subject in the SB5-HC group was excluded from the PK analysis set for a major protocol deviation (i.e., for not being withdrawn in the event of confirmed COVID-19). PK = pharmacokinetic; SB5-HC = 40 mg/0.4 ml SB5 in a pre-filled syringe; SB5-LC = 40 mg/0.8 ml SB5 in a pre-filled syringe
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Mean adalimumab serum concentrations versus nominal times on a linear and a semi-logarithmic scale (PK analysis set). Mean serum concentrations versus nominal times on linear (top graph) and semi-logarithmic scale (bottom graph) of SB5-HC (40 mg/0.4 ml) and SB5-LC (40 mg/0.8 ml)

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