Energy balance measurement: when something is not better than nothing
N V Dhurandhar, D Schoeller, A W Brown, S B Heymsfield, D Thomas, T I A Sørensen, J R Speakman, M Jeansonne, D B Allison, Energy Balance Measurement Working Group, David B Allison, Arne V Astrup, Richard L Atkinson, Martin Binks, George L Blackburn, John E Blundell, Michelle M Bohan Brown, Andrew W Brown, Nuala M Byrne, Lawrence J Cheskin, Richard Cooper, Barbara E Corkey, Nikhil V Dhurandhar, John P Foreyt, Paul Selberg-Franks, Yoni Freedhoff, Michael I Goran, Barbara C Hansen, Johannes Hebebrand, Berit Lilienthal Heitmann, Steven B Heymsfield, James O Hill, Andrew P Hills, Gary Hunter, Ted Kyle, David A Levitsky, Amy Luke, Ian Macdonald, Robert A J Matthews, Corby K Martin, Ann Yelmokas McDermott, Timothy H Moran, Sir Stephen O'Rahilly, Angelo Pietrobelli, Stephan Rössner, Wim H M Saris, Dale A Schoeller, Arya M Sharma, Diana Thomas, Thorkild I A Sørensen, John R Speakman, Judith S Stern, Luc Van Gaal, S Stanley Young, Shankuan Zhu, N V Dhurandhar, D Schoeller, A W Brown, S B Heymsfield, D Thomas, T I A Sørensen, J R Speakman, M Jeansonne, D B Allison, Energy Balance Measurement Working Group, David B Allison, Arne V Astrup, Richard L Atkinson, Martin Binks, George L Blackburn, John E Blundell, Michelle M Bohan Brown, Andrew W Brown, Nuala M Byrne, Lawrence J Cheskin, Richard Cooper, Barbara E Corkey, Nikhil V Dhurandhar, John P Foreyt, Paul Selberg-Franks, Yoni Freedhoff, Michael I Goran, Barbara C Hansen, Johannes Hebebrand, Berit Lilienthal Heitmann, Steven B Heymsfield, James O Hill, Andrew P Hills, Gary Hunter, Ted Kyle, David A Levitsky, Amy Luke, Ian Macdonald, Robert A J Matthews, Corby K Martin, Ann Yelmokas McDermott, Timothy H Moran, Sir Stephen O'Rahilly, Angelo Pietrobelli, Stephan Rössner, Wim H M Saris, Dale A Schoeller, Arya M Sharma, Diana Thomas, Thorkild I A Sørensen, John R Speakman, Judith S Stern, Luc Van Gaal, S Stanley Young, Shankuan Zhu
Abstract
Energy intake (EI) and physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) are key modifiable determinants of energy balance, traditionally assessed by self-report despite its repeated demonstration of considerable inaccuracies. We argue here that it is time to move from the common view that self-reports of EI and PAEE are imperfect, but nevertheless deserving of use, to a view commensurate with the evidence that self-reports of EI and PAEE are so poor that they are wholly unacceptable for scientific research on EI and PAEE. While new strategies for objectively determining energy balance are in their infancy, it is unacceptable to use decidedly inaccurate instruments, which may misguide health-care policies, future research and clinical judgment. The scientific and medical communities should discontinue reliance on self-reported EI and PAEE. Researchers and sponsors should develop objective measures of energy balance.
Source: PubMed