Does Systolic Blood Pressure Response to Lifestyle Intervention Indicate Metabolic Risk and Health-Related Quality-of-Life Improvement Over 1 Year?

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine whether responders (minimum 4-mm Hg reduction of systolic blood pressure [BP]) at 24 weeks) to a 52-week lifestyle intervention had greater changes in metabolic risk factors and health-related quality of life than nonresponders. Participants (N=126; age, 57.4 [9.1] years) had waist circumference (WC), resting BP, glycated hemoglobin, lipids, and fitness assessed at baseline and at 12, 24, and 52 months. The 36-item short-form survey was administered to assess HRQOL. At baseline, responders had higher mental health scores (P=.04) and systolic and diastolic BPs (P<.001) than nonresponders. Across 52 weeks, responders also had greater improvements in diastolic BP (P<.001), WC (P=.01), and maximal oxygen uptake (P=.04) compared with nonresponders. Participants with clinically important changes in systolic BP at 24 weeks had greater metabolic improvements across 52 weeks, compared with those without clinically important systolic BP changes.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01944124.

©2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Figures

Figure 1

Cardiometabolic risk factors by response over time. Solid circles indicate responders; open circles, nonresponders; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; LDL, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; VO 2max, maximal oxygen uptake.

Figure 2

Health‐related quality of life and self‐efficacy by response over time. Solid circles indicate responders; open circles, nonresponders. Response × Time, all P>.05.