Disease burden and prognostic factors for clinical failure in elderly community acquired pneumonia patients

Xiudi Han, Xuedong Liu, Liang Chen, Yimin Wang, Hui Li, Fei Zhou, Xiqian Xing, Chunxiao Zhang, Lijun Suo, Jinxiang Wang, Guohua Yu, Guangqiang Wang, Xuexin Yao, Hongxia Yu, Lei Wang, Meng Liu, Chunxue Xue, Bo Liu, Xiaoli Zhu, Yanli Li, Ying Xiao, Xiaojing Cui, Lijuan Li, Bin Cao, CAP-China network, Xiudi Han, Xuedong Liu, Liang Chen, Yimin Wang, Hui Li, Fei Zhou, Xiqian Xing, Chunxiao Zhang, Lijun Suo, Jinxiang Wang, Guohua Yu, Guangqiang Wang, Xuexin Yao, Hongxia Yu, Lei Wang, Meng Liu, Chunxue Xue, Bo Liu, Xiaoli Zhu, Yanli Li, Ying Xiao, Xiaojing Cui, Lijuan Li, Bin Cao, CAP-China network

Abstract

Background: The study was to evaluate initial antimicrobial regimen and clinical outcomes and to explore risk factors for clinical failure (CF) in elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).

Methods: 3011 hospitalized elderly patients were enrolled from 13 national teaching hospitals between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2014 initiated by the CAP-China network. Risk factors for CF were screened by multivariable logistic regression analysis.

Results: The incidence of CF in elderly CAP patients was 13.1%. CF patients were older, longer hospital stays and higher treatment costs than clinical success (CS) patients. The CF patients were more prone to present hyperglycemia, hyponatremia, hypoproteinemia, pleural effusion, respiratory failure and cardiovascular events. Inappropriate initial antimicrobial regimens in CF group were significantly higher than CS group. Undertreatment, CURB-65, PH < 7.3, PaO2/FiO2 < 200 mmHg, sodium < 130 mmol/L, healthcare-associated pneumonia, white blood cells > 10,000/mm3, pleural effusion and congestive heart failure were independent risk factors for CF in multivariable logistic regression analysis. Male and bronchiectasis were protective factors.

Conclusions: Discordant therapy was a cause of CF. Early accurate detection and management of prevention to potential causes is likely to improve clinical outcomes in elderly patients CAP.

Trial registration: A Retrospective Study on Hospitalized Patients With Community-acquired Pneumonia in China (CAP-China) (RSCAP-China), NCT02489578. Registered 16 March 2015, https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/app/action/SelectProtocol?sid=S0005E5S&selectaction=Edit&uid=U0000GWC&ts=2&cx=1bnotb.

Keywords: Clinical failure; Community-acquired pneumonia; Elderly; Treatment pattern.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Multivariable logistic regression analysis of prognostic factors for clinical failure associated with CAP. WBC = white blood cell; HCAP = healthcare-associated pneumonia; OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval

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