Early childhood caries prevalence and associated risk factors among Saudi preschool children in Riyadh

Lujane K AlMarshad, Amjad H Wyne, Asma M AlJobair, Lujane K AlMarshad, Amjad H Wyne, Asma M AlJobair

Abstract

Aim: To determine the prevalence of early childhood caries (ECC) and investigate the effect of associated risk factors on ECC prevalence in preschool children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included Saudi preschoolers aged 36-71 months. Parents/guardians completed a structured, self-administered questionnaire assessing sociodemographics; medical, dental, and dietary history; and oral hygiene practices. Children were orally examined for dental caries, oral hygiene, and plaque deposition.

Results: A total of 383 children were examined. ECC prevalence was 72.6%, with a mean decayed, missing, and filled teeth (dmft) score of 4.13 (±3.99) and a mean decayed, missing, and filled surfaces (dmfs) score of 7.0 (±9.1). Children from schools in northern Riyadh and those of fathers in professional jobs were less likely to have ECC [(OR: 0.203; 95% CI: 0.082-0.503)] and [(OR: 0.472; 95% CI: 0.256-0.871)], respectively. Children with a nocturnal feeding history and poor oral hygiene were more likely to have ECC [(OR: 2.281; 95% CI: 1.143-4.553)] and [(OR: 5.523; 95% CI: 2.269-13.441)], respectively.

Conclusions: The prevalence of ECC in preschool children in Riyadh is high and affected by parental socioeconomic factors, infant feeding practices, and children's oral hygiene status.

Keywords: Caries risk factors; Early childhood caries; Preschool children; Prevalence; Saudi Arabia.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

© 2021 The Authors.

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