Impact of bone defect morphology on the outcome of reconstructive treatment of peri-implantitis

Ahmad Aghazadeh, Rutger G Persson, Stefan Renvert, Ahmad Aghazadeh, Rutger G Persson, Stefan Renvert

Abstract

Objectives: To assess if (I) the alveolar bone defect configuration at dental implants diagnosed with peri-implantitis is related to clinical parameters at the time of surgical intervention and if (II) the outcome of surgical intervention of peri-implantitis is dependent on defect configuration at the time of treatment.

Materials and methods: In a prospective study, 45 individuals and 74 dental implants with ≥ 2 bone wall defects were treated with either an autogenous bone transplant or an exogenous bone augmentation material. Defect fill was assessed at 1 year.

Results: At baseline, no significant study group differences were identified. Most study implants (70.7%, n = 53) had been placed in the maxilla. Few implants were placed in molar regions. The mesial and distal crestal width at surgery was greater at 4-wall defects than at 2-wall defects (p = 0.001). Probing depths were also greater at 4-wall defects than at 2-wall defects (p = 0.01). Defect fill was correlated to initial defect depth (p < 0.001). Defect fill at 4-wall defects was significant (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: (I) The buccal-lingual width of the alveolar bone crest was explanatory to defect configuration, (II) 4-wall defects demonstrated more defect fill, and (III) deeper defects resulted in more defect fill.

Keywords: Bone defect; Bone grafting; Peri-implantitis; Radiograph; Reconstruction; Regeneration.

Conflict of interest statement

Prof. Rutger Persson and Dr Ahmad Aghazadeh declare no conflict of interest. Prof. Stefan Renvert states research grants and fees from Geistlich Pharma outside the present work.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Crestal width and defect configuration at baseline (mean values and 95% error bars)
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Defect depths assessed clinically during surgery from the bone crest to the defect bottom
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Comparison between radiographic and clinical bone level measurements at the time of surgery
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
a Mean bone level change between baseline and year 1 (AB, autologous bone; BDX, bovine-derived xenograft) in relation to defect characteristics (mean values and error bars 95%). b Mean PPD change between baseline and year 1 (AB, autologous bone; BDX, bovine-derived xenograft) in relation to defect characteristics (mean values and error bars 95%). c Mean BOP change between baseline and year 1 (AB, autologous bone; BDX, bovine-derived xenograft) in relation to defect characteristics (mean values and error bars 95%). d Mean plaque index change between baseline and year 1 (AB, autologous bone; BDX, bovine-derived xenograft) in relation to defect characteristics (mean values and error bars 95%)

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