Phosphorus ingestion improves oral glucose tolerance of healthy male subjects: a crossover experiment

May Khattab, Christelle Abi-Rashed, Hala Ghattas, Sani Hlais, Omar Obeid, May Khattab, Christelle Abi-Rashed, Hala Ghattas, Sani Hlais, Omar Obeid

Abstract

Background: Fasting serum phosphorus (P) was reported to be inversely related to serum glucose and insulin, while the impact of P ingestion is not well documented. The effect of P intake with or before glucose ingestion on postprandial glucose and insulin statuses was investigated.

Method: Two cross over experiments using healthy male subjects were conducted. Experiment 1: Overnight fasted subjects (n = 7) randomly received: 500 mg of P tablets, glucose (75 g) solution with placebo or 500 mg of P tablets. Experiment 2: Overnight fasted subjects (n = 8) underwent similar procedures to those of experiment 1, except that placebo or 500 mg P tablets were given 60 min prior to glucose ingestion.

Results: In both experiments, serum P decreased following glucose ingestion. Co-ingestion of P with glucose improved, at time 60 min, postprandial glucose (P < 0.05), insulin (P < 0.05), and insulin sensitivity index (p < 0.006), while P pre-ingestion failed to exert similar effect.

Conclusion: This study suggests that postprandial glucose and insulin are affected by exogenous P supply, especially when co-ingested with glucose.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Changes in Serum Phosphorus (a), Glucose (b) and Insulin (c) levels of subjects in experiment1. #Experiment 1: After the ingestion of 500 mg phosphorus (-♦-), 75 g glucose (-▲-) or co-ingestion glucose + phosphorus (75 g glucose + 500 mg of phosphorus) (..□..). * p-value < 0.05: Paired t-test in the same treatment in comparison with baseline (time 0) value. ap-value < 0.05: Paired t-Test, phosphorus vs glucose treatments at each time point. bp-value < 0.05: Paired t-Test, phosphorus vs glucose + phosphorus treatments at each time point. cp-value < 0.05: Paired t-Test, glucose vs glucose + phosphorus treatments at each time point
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Changes in Serum Phosphorus (a), Glucose (b), and Insulin (c) levels of subjects in experiment2. #Experiment 2: After the he ingestion of 75 g glucose 60 min after placebo (-♦-) or 500 mg phosphors (..□..) preload. * p-value < 0.05: Paired t-test in the same treatment in comparison with baseline (time −60 min) value. ap-value < 0.05: Paired t-Test between placebo and phosphorus preload treatments at each time point

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