Differences in In Vivo Cellular Kinetics in Abdominal and Femoral Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in Women

Ursula A White, Mark D Fitch, Robbie A Beyl, Marc K Hellerstein, Eric Ravussin, Ursula A White, Mark D Fitch, Robbie A Beyl, Marc K Hellerstein, Eric Ravussin

Abstract

The accumulation of fat in upper-body (abdominal) adipose tissue is associated with obesity-related cardiometabolic diseases, whereas lower-body (gluteal and femoral) fat may be protective. Studies suggest physiological and molecular differences between adipose depots and depot-specific cellular mechanisms of adipose expansion. We assessed in vivo cellular kinetics in subcutaneous adipose tissue from the abdominal (scABD) and femoral (scFEM) depots using an 8-week incorporation of deuterium ((2)H) from (2)H2O into the DNA of adipocytes and preadipocytes in 25 women with overweight or obesity. DNA synthesis rates denote new cell formation of preadipocytes and adipocytes in each depot. Formation of adipocytes was positively correlated to that of preadipocytes in the scABD and scFEM depots and was related to percent body fat in each depot. Notably, preadipocytes and adipocytes had higher formation rates in the scFEM depot relative to the scABD. This method to assess in vivo adipogenesis will be valuable to evaluate adipocyte kinetics in individuals with varying body fat distributions and degrees of metabolic health and in response to a variety of interventions, such as diet, exercise, or pharmacological treatment.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01748994.

© 2016 by the American Diabetes Association. Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Formation of adipocytes is positively correlated with that of preadipocytes in the scABD (A) and scFEM (B) depots. Simple associations between the fraction of new adipocytes and preadipocytes were analyzed using Spearman correlation (n = 25). The Spearman correlation between adipocytes and preadipocytes in the scABD depot is 0.6305 (R2 = 0.3837; P = 0.0007), and it is 0.43932 (R2 = 0.1835; P = 0.028) in the scFEM depot. *P < 0.05; ***P < 0.01.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Preadipocytes and adipocytes have higher formation rates in the scFEM depot relative to the scABD. The least square means comparing the fraction of new preadipocytes and adipocytes were derived from the linear mixed model (n = 25). The difference in fraction of new preadipocytes between scFEM and scABD depots is 3.224 (P = 0.0354), and the difference in fraction of new adipocytes between scFEM and scABD depots is 2.877 (P = 0.0005). *P < 0.05; ***P < 0.01.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Preadipocyte and adipocyte formation in both scABD (A and B) and scFEM (C and D) depots positively correlates with overall percent body fat. Simple associations between the fraction of new preadipocytes or adipocytes and percent body fat were analyzed using Spearman correlation (n = 25). The Spearman correlation between fraction of new preadipocytes (scABD) and percent body fat is 0.4263 (R2 = 0.2472; P = 0.019), and it is 0.3291 (R2 = 0.2346; P = 0.026) between new adipocytes (scABD) and percent body fat. The Spearman correlation between fraction of new preadipocytes (scFEM) and percent body fat is 0.2761 (R2 = 0.1123; P = 0.092), and it is 0.5358 (R2 = 0.2116; P = 0.056) between new adipocytes (scFEM) and percent body fat. *P < 0.05.

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