Training program-induced skeletal muscle adaptations in two men with myotonic dystrophy type 1

Marie-Pier Roussel, Marika Morin, Mélina Girardin, Anne-Marie Fortin, Mario Leone, Jean Mathieu, Cynthia Gagnon, Elise Duchesne, Marie-Pier Roussel, Marika Morin, Mélina Girardin, Anne-Marie Fortin, Mario Leone, Jean Mathieu, Cynthia Gagnon, Elise Duchesne

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this side product of another unpublished research project, was to address the effects of a training program on skeletal muscle adaptations of people with myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1), under a multifaceted perspective. The objective of this study was to look at training induced muscular adaptations by evaluating changes in muscle strength, myofiber cross-sectional area (CSA), proportion of myofiber types and with indirect markers of muscle growth [proportion of centrally nucleated fibers (CNF) and density of neutrophils and macrophages]. Two men with DM1 underwent a 12-week strength/endurance training program (18 sessions). Two muscle biopsies were obtained pre- and post-training program.

Results: Muscular adaptations occurred only in Patient 1, who attended 72% of the training sessions compared to 39% for Patient 2. These adaptations included increase in the CSA of type I and II myofibers and changes in their proportion. No changes were observed in the percentage of CNF, infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages and muscle strength. These results illustrate the capacity of skeletal muscle cells to undergo adaptations linked to muscle growth in DM1 patients. Also, these adaptations seem to be dependent on the attendance. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT04001920 retrospectively registered on June 26th, 2019.

Keywords: Leukocytes; Muscle growth; Muscle plasticity; Myogenesis; Myotonic dystrophy type 1; Training program.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Histological analysis of Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies pre- and post-training program for DM1 patients. a Immunohistochemical staining of myofibers allowed the identification of fiber type II with anti-skeletal myosin fast primary antibody (#). Unstained cells correspond to fiber type I (*). b Haematoxylin/eosin allowed the identification of CNF (*). Immunochemistry allowed the identification of neutrophils (c) and macrophages (d), as indicated by the arrows

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