Types of leisure time physical activities (LTPA) of community-dwelling persons who have been screened positive for dementia

Britta Müller, Peter Kropp, Maria Isabel Cardona, Bernhard Michalowsky, Nanja van den Berg, Stefan Teipel, Wolfgang Hoffmann, Jochen René Thyrian, Britta Müller, Peter Kropp, Maria Isabel Cardona, Bernhard Michalowsky, Nanja van den Berg, Stefan Teipel, Wolfgang Hoffmann, Jochen René Thyrian

Abstract

Background: To (a) describe the pattern of leisure time physical activities (LTPA) in community-dwelling persons who have been screened positive for dementia and (b) determine the health-related and sociodemographic factors associated with LTPA.

Methods: Data of the general practitioner-based, randomized, controlled intervention trial, DelpHi-MV (Dementia: life- and person-centered help in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania) were used. Patients aged 70 years or older, who lived at home and had a DemTect< 9 were informed about the study by their General practitioners and invited to participate. Data from 436 participants with complete baseline data were used. Standardized, computer-assisted assessments were made during face-to-face interviews at the participants' homes.

Results: Two hundred thirty-eight patients (54.6%) carried out LTPA (men 58.4%, women 51.8%). Physically active patients mentioned one to two different activities; diversity of LTPA was higher for men than for women. The most-frequently mentioned types of activity were gardening (35.3%), cycling (24.1%) and mobility training (12.4%); there was only a statistically significant difference between men and women in cycling, χ2(1) = 21.47, p < .001. The odds of LTPA increased with increasing quality of life (OR = 2.41), lower impairments in activities of daily living (OR = 0.85), and living in a rural environment (OR = 2.02).

Conclusions: Our findings suggest that people who have been screened positive for dementia living in a rural area are more likely to be active than people living in an urban area. Following studies should investigate whether this difference has an effect on the progression of dementia.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrial.gov Identifier NCT01401582 .

Keywords: Aging; Dementia; Physical activity; Rural.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Frequency of participants with types of LTPA depending on living area, quality of life and impairments in activities of daily living (adjusted p-values)

References

    1. Castro-Costa E, Laks J, Godoi Campos C, Firmo JO, Fernanda Lima-Costa M, Blay SL. Cognitive Impairment and Physical Activity in Old Age: The Impact on All-Cause Mortality in a 15-Year Follow-Up of the Bambuí Cohort Study of Aging. Available at SSRN 3557992. 2020.
    1. Steinberg M, Leoutsakos JM, Podewils LJ, Lyketsos CG. Evaluation of a home-based exercise program in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: the maximizing Independence in dementia (MIND) study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2009;24(7):680–685. doi: 10.1002/gps.2175.
    1. Kwak YS, Um SY, Son TG, Kim DJ. Effect of regular exercise on senile dementia patients. Int J Sports Med. 2008;29(6):471–474. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-964853.
    1. Bossers WJ, van der Woude LH, Boersma F, Hortobagyi T, Scherder EJ, van Heuvelen MJ. A 9-week aerobic and strength training program improves cognitive and motor function in patients with dementia: a randomized. Controlled Trial Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2015;23(11):1106–1116. doi: 10.1016/j.jagp.2014.12.191.
    1. Booth V, Hood V, Kearney F. Interventions incorporating physical and cognitive elements to reduce falls risk in cognitively impaired older adults: a systematic review. JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep. 2016;14(5):110–135. doi: 10.11124/JBISRIR-2016-002499.
    1. Vreugdenhil A, Cannell J, Davies A, Razay G. A community-based exercise programme to improve functional ability in people with Alzheimer's disease: a randomized controlled trial. Scand J Caring Sci. 2012;26(1):12–19. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-6712.2011.00895.x.
    1. Venturelli M, Scarsini R, Schena F. Six-month walking program changes cognitive and ADL performance in patients with Alzheimer. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Dement. 2011;26(5):381–388. doi: 10.1177/1533317511418956.
    1. Junge T, Ahler J, Knudsen HK, Kristensen HK. The effect and importance of physical activity on behavioural and psychological symptoms in people with dementia: a systematic mixed studies review. Dementia. 2020;19(3):533–546. doi: 10.1177/1471301218777444.
    1. Yaguez L, Shaw KN, Morris R, Matthews D. The effects on cognitive functions of a movement-based intervention in patients with Alzheimer's type dementia: a pilot study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2011;26(2):173–181. doi: 10.1002/gps.2510.
    1. Huang X, Li B, Yu F, Zhou J, Wan Q, Chang H. Path analysis from physical activity to quality of life among dementia patients: a dual-path mediating model. J Adv Nurs. 2020;76(2):546–554. doi: 10.1111/jan.14260.
    1. Hartman YA, Karssemeijer EG, van Diepen LA, Rikkert MGO, Thijssen DH. Dementia patients are more sedentary and less physically active than age-and sex-matched cognitively healthy older adults. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2018;46(1–2):81–89. doi: 10.1159/000491995.
    1. Boyle CP, Raji CA, Erickson KI, Lopez OL, Becker JT, Gach HM, Longstreth WT, Jr, Teverovskiy L, Kuller LH, Carmichael OT, Thompson PM. Physical activity, body mass index, and brain atrophy in Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging. 2015;36:S194–S202. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.05.036.
    1. van Alphen HJ, Volkers KM, Blankevoort CG, Scherder EJ, Hortobagyi T, van Heuvelen MJ. Older adults with dementia are sedentary for Most of the day. Plos One. 2016;11(3):e0152457. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152457.
    1. Stubbs B, Eggermont L, Soundy A, Probst M, Vandenbulcke M, Vancampfort D. What are the factors associated with physical activity (PA) participation in community dwelling adults with dementia? A systematic review of PA correlates. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2014;59(2):195–203. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2014.06.006.
    1. van Alphen HJ, Hortobagyi T, van Heuvelen MJ. Barriers, motivators, and facilitators of physical activity in dementia patients: a systematic review. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2016;66:109–118. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2016.05.008.
    1. Farina N, Williams A, Clarke K, Hughes LJ, Thomas S, Lowry RG, et al. Barriers, motivators and facilitators of physical activity in people with dementia and their family carers in England: dyadic interviews. Aging Ment Health. 2020:1–10.
    1. Gomes M, Figueiredo D, Teixeira L, Poveda V, Paul C, Santos-Silva A, et al. Physical inactivity among older adults across Europe based on the SHARE database. Age Ageing. 2017;46(1):71–77. doi: 10.1093/ageing/afw165.
    1. Thyrian JR, Hertel J, Wucherer D, Eichler T, Michalowsky B, Dreier-Wolfgramm A, Zwingmann I, Kilimann I, Teipel S, Hoffmann W. Effectiveness and safety of dementia Care Management in Primary Care: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Psychiatry. 2017;74(10):996–1004. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.2124.
    1. Michalowsky B, Xie F, Eichler T, Hertel J, Kaczynski A, Kilimann I, Teipel S, Wucherer D, Zwingmann I, Thyrian JR, Hoffmann W. Cost-effectiveness of a collaborative dementia care management—results of a cluster-randomized controlled trial. Alzheimers Dement. 2019;15(10):1296–1308. doi: 10.1016/j.jalz.2019.05.008.
    1. Eichler T, Thyrian JR, Dreier A, Wucherer D, Kohler L, Fiss T, et al. Dementia care management: going new ways in ambulant dementia care within a GP-based randomized controlled intervention trial. Int Psychogeriatr. 2014;26(2):247–256. doi: 10.1017/S1041610213001786.
    1. Thyrian JR, Fiss T, Dreier A, Bowing G, Angelow A, Lueke S, et al. Life- and person-centred help in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany (DelpHi): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials. 2012;13(1):56. doi: 10.1186/1745-6215-13-56.
    1. Calabrese P, Kessler J. Screening for cognitive impairment in dementia—the DemTect procedure. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2000;10:369. doi: 10.1016/S0924-977X(00)80495-2.
    1. Thyrian JR, Hoffmann W. Dementia care and general physicians--a survey on prevalence, means, attitudes and recommendations. Cent Eur J Public Health. 2012;20(4):270–275. doi: 10.21101/cejph.a3751.
    1. Thyrian JR, Eichler T, Michalowsky B, Wucherer D, Reimann M, Hertel J, Richter S, Dreier A, Hoffmann W. Community-dwelling people screened positive for dementia in primary care: a comprehensive, multivariate descriptive analysis using data from the DelpHi-study. J Alzheimers Dis. 2016;52(2):609–617. doi: 10.3233/JAD-151076.
    1. Wadley VG, Harrell LE, Marson DC. Self-and informant report of financial abilities in patients with Alzheimer's disease: reliable and valid? J Am Geriatr Soc. 2003;51(11):1621–1626. doi: 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2003.51514.x.
    1. Greene JD, Hodges JR, Baddeley AD. Autobiographical memory and executive function in early dementia of Alzheimer type. Neuropsychologia. 1995;33(12):1647–1670. doi: 10.1016/0028-3932(95)00046-1.
    1. Fromholt P, Larsen SF. Autobiographical memory in normal aging and primary degenerative dementia (dementia of Alzheimer type) J Gerontol. 1991;46(3):P85–P91. doi: 10.1093/geronj/46.3.P85.
    1. Farina N, Hughes LJ, Watts A, Lowry RG. Use of physical activity questionnaires in people with dementia: a scoping review. J Aging Phys Act. 2019;27(3):413–421. doi: 10.1123/japa.2018-0031.
    1. Schneider S. The conceptualisation, measurement, and coding of education in German and cross-National Surveys. GESIS Survey Guidelines. 2016. p. 3.
    1. Fydrich T, Sommer G, Brähler E. Fragebogen zur sozialen Unterstützung (F-SOZU). 2007. Göttingen: Hogrefe Google Scholar; 2007.
    1. Folstein M. MMST. Mini-Mental-Status-Test. Deutschsprachige Fassung von J. Kessler, SE Folstein, P. Denzler. Weinheim: Beltz; 1990.
    1. Hindmarch I, Lehfeld H, de Jongh P, Erzigkeit H. The Bayer activities of daily living scale (B-ADL) Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 1998;9(Suppl. 2):20–26. doi: 10.1159/000051195.
    1. Yesavage J, Sheikh JI. Geriatric depression scale (GDS) Clin Gerontol. 1986;5(1–2):165–173. doi: 10.1300/J018v05n01_09.
    1. Logsdon RG, Gibbons LE, McCurry SM, Teri L. Assessing quality of life in older adults with cognitive impairment. Psychosom Med. 2002;64(3):510–519. doi: 10.1097/00006842-200205000-00016.
    1. Holm S. A simple sequentially rejective multiple test procedure. Scand J Stat. 1979:65–70.
    1. Etgen T, Sander D, Huntgeburth U, Poppert H, Förstl H, Bickel H. Physical activity and incident cognitive impairment in elderly persons: the INVADE study. Arch Intern Med. 2010;170(2):186–193. doi: 10.1001/archinternmed.2009.498.
    1. Solis-Urra P, Plaza-Diaz J, Álvarez-Mercado AI, Rodríguez-Rodríguez F, Cristi-Montero C, Zavala-Crichton JP, Olivares-Arancibia J, Sanchez-Martinez J, Abadía-Molina F. The mediation effect of self–report physical activity patterns in the relationship between educational level and cognitive impairment in elderly: a cross-sectional analysis of chilean health national survey 2016–2017. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(8):2619. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17082619.
    1. Vancampfort D, Stubbs B, Lara E, Vandenbulcke M, Swinnen N, Koyanagi A. Mild cognitive impairment and physical activity in the general population: findings from six low-and middle-income countries. Exp Gerontol. 2017;100:100–105. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.10.028.
    1. Watts AS, Vidoni ED, Loskutova N, Johnson DK, Burns JM. Measuring physical activity in older adults with and without early stage Alzheimer's disease. Clin Gerontol. 2013;36(4):356–374. doi: 10.1080/07317115.2013.788116.
    1. Soni M, Orrell M, Bandelow S, Steptoe A, Rafnsson S, d'Orsi E, Xavier A, Hogervorst E. Physical activity pre-and post-dementia: English longitudinal study of ageing. Aging Ment Health. 2019;23(1):15–21. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2017.1390731.
    1. Zanco MF, Moraes H, Maranhão Neto G, Laks J, Deslandes AC. Assessing cardiorespiratory capacity in older adults with major depression and Alzheimer disease. J Brasileiro de Psiquiatria. 2016;65(1):1–8. doi: 10.1590/0047-2085000000096.
    1. Perks T. Investigating the physical activity behaviors of Canadian adults over time: multilevel sex and age group trajectories across two decades. J Phys Act Health. 2017:1–29.
    1. Rowinski R, Dabrowski A, Kostka T. Gardening as the dominant leisure time physical activity (LTPA) of older adults from a post-communist country. The results of the population-based PolSenior project from Poland. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2015;60(3):486–491. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2015.01.011.
    1. Walsh JM, Pressman AR, Cauley JA, Browner WS. Predictors of physical activity in community-dwelling elderly white women. J Gen Intern Med. 2001;16(11):721–727. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1497.2001.00506.x.
    1. Martin KR, Cooper R, Harris TB, Brage S, Hardy R, Kuh D. Patterns of leisure-time physical activity participation in a British birth cohort at early old age. Plos One. 2014;9(6):e98901. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098901.
    1. Craig R, Mindell J, Hirani V. Health survey for England 2008: physical activity and fitness: the health and social care information Centre. 2009.
    1. Haley C, Andel R. Correlates of physical activity participation in community-dwelling older adults. J Aging Phys Act. 2010;18(4):375–389. doi: 10.1123/japa.18.4.375.
    1. Ham SA, Kruger J, Tudor-Locke C. Participation by US adults in sports, exercise, and recreational physical activities. J Phys Act Health. 2009;6(1):6–14. doi: 10.1123/jpah.6.1.6.
    1. Moschny A, Platen P, Klaassen-Mielke R, Trampisch U, Hinrichs T. Physical activity patterns in older men and women in Germany: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2011;11(1):559. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-559.
    1. Ferreira MT, Matsudo SM, Ribeiro MC, Ramos LR. Health-related factors correlate with behavior trends in physical activity level in old age: longitudinal results from a population in Sao Paulo, Brazil. BMC Public Health. 2010;10(1):690. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-690.
    1. Di Francesco V, Zamboni M, Zoico E, Bortolani A, Maggi S, Bissoli L, et al. Relationships between leisure-time physical activity, obesity and disability in elderly men. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2005;17(3):201–206. doi: 10.1007/BF03324597.
    1. Heser K, Stein J, Luppa M, Wiese B, Mamone S, Weyerer S, et al. Late-life depressive symptoms are associated with functional impairment cross-sectionally and over time: results of the AgeMooDe study. J Gerontol Series B. 2020;75(4):811–820.
    1. Cunningham C, O'Sullivan R, Caserotti P, Tully MA. Consequences of physical inactivity in older adults: a systematic review of reviews and meta-analyses. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2020;30(5):816–827. doi: 10.1111/sms.13616.
    1. Lautenschlager NT, Cox KL, Flicker L, Foster JK, Van Bockxmeer FM, Xiao J, et al. Effect of physical activity on cognitive function in older adults at risk for Alzheimer disease: a randomized trial. Jama. 2008;300(9):1027–1037. doi: 10.1001/jama.300.9.1027.
    1. Nakatsuka M, Nakamura K, Hamanosono R, Takahashi Y, Kasai M, Sato Y, Suto T, Nagatomi R, Meguro K. A cluster randomized controlled trial of nonpharmacological interventions for old-old subjects with a clinical dementia rating of 0.5: the Kurihara project. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord Extra. 2015;5(2):221–232. doi: 10.1159/000380816.
    1. Cox H, Burns I, Savage S. Multisensory environments for leisure: promoting well-being in nursing home residents with dementia. J Gerontol Nurs. 2004;30(2):37–45. doi: 10.3928/0098-9134-20040201-08.
    1. Gigliotti CM, Jarrott SE, Yorgason J. Harvesting health: effects of three types of horticultural therapy activities for persons with dementia. Dementia. 2004;3(2):161–180. doi: 10.1177/1471301204042335.
    1. Gonzalez MT, Kirkevold M. Benefits of sensory garden and horticultural activities in dementia care: a modified scoping review. J Clin Nurs. 2014;23(19–20):2698–2715. doi: 10.1111/jocn.12388.

Source: PubMed

Sponsorer og samarbejdspartnere

Medicinske tilstande

Narkotikainterventioner

3
Abonner