Decrease in inflammatory biomarker concentration by intervention with selenium and coenzyme Q10: a subanalysis of osteopontin, osteoprotergerin, TNFr1, TNFr2 and TWEAK

Urban Alehagen, Jan Alexander, Jan Aaseth, Anders Larsson, Urban Alehagen, Jan Alexander, Jan Aaseth, Anders Larsson

Abstract

Background: Inflammation is central to the pathogenesis of many diseases. Supplementation with selenium and coenzyme Q10 has been shown to reduce cardiovascular mortality, and increase cardiac function in elderly persons with a low intake of selenium. There are indications that one of the mechanisms of this positive effect is a decrease in inflammation.

Methods: Osteopontin, osteoprotegerin, sTNF receptor 1, sTNF receptor 2 and the tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis called TWEAK, were determined in plasma after 6 months and 42 months in 219 community-living elderly persons, of whom 119 received supplements of selenium (200 μg/day) and coenzyme Q10 (200 mg/day), and 101 received a placebo. Repeated measures of variance were used to evaluate the levels, and the results were validated through ANCOVA analyses with adjustments for important covariates.

Results: Significantly lower concentrations of four of the five biomarkers for inflammation were observed as a result of the intervention with the supplements. Only TWEAK did not show significant differences.

Conclusion: In this sub-analysis of the intervention with selenium and coenzyme Q10 or placebo in an elderly community-living population, biomarkers for inflammation were evaluated. A significantly lower concentration in four of the five biomarkers tested could be demonstrated as a result of the supplementation, indicating a robust effect on the inflammatory system. The decrease in inflammation could be one of the mechanisms behind the positive clinical results on reduced cardiovascular morbidity and mortality reported earlier as a result of the intervention. The study is small and should be regarded as hypothesis-generating, but nonetheless adds important data about mechanisms presently known to increase the risk of clinical effects such as reduced cardiovascular mortality, increased cardiac function and better health-related quality of life scoring, as previously demonstrated in the active treatment group .

Trial registration: The intervention study was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov, and has the identifier NCT01443780 and registered on 09/30/2011.

Keywords: Coenzyme Q10; Elderly; Inflammation; Intervention; Selenium.

Conflict of interest statement

The study protocol has previously been published [35]. The study was approved by the Regional Ethical Committee in Linköping (Diary no. 03–176) and conforms to the ethical guidelines of the 1975 Declaration of Helsinki. The intervention study was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov, and has the identifier NCT01443780. Written, informed consent was obtained from all patients.Informed consent was obtained from each patient.The authors declare that they have no competing interests.Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Concentration of Osteopontin after 6 and 42 months in the placebo and selenium and coenzyme Q10 treatment groups in the total study population. Note: Current effect: F(1, 216) = 4.5913, p = .03325. Note: Evaluation performed by use of repeated measures of variance methodology. Note: Blue curve: Placebo; Red curve: Active treatment group. Values ±95% C, Vertical bars denote 0.95 confidence intervals
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Concentration of Osteoprotegerin after 6 and 42 months in the placebo and selenium and coenzyme Q10 treatment groups in the total study population. Note: Current effect: F(1, 214) = 4.6059, p = .03299. Note: Evaluation performed by use of repeated measures of variance methodology. Note: Blue curve: Placebo; Red curve: Active treatment group. Values ±95% CI. Vertical bars denote 0.95 confidence intervals
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Concentration of TNFr1 after 6 and 42 months in the placebo and selenium and coenzyme Q10 treatment groups in the total study population. Note: Evaluation performed by use of repeated measures of variance methodology. Note: Current effect: F(1, 215) = 4.8064, p = .02943. Note: Blue curve: Placebo; Red curve: Active treatment group. Values ±95% CI. Vertical bars denote 0.95 confidence intervals
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Concentration of TNFr2 after 6 and 42 months in the placebo and selenium and coenzyme Q10 treatment groups in the total study population. Note: Evaluation performed by use of repeated measures of variance methodology. Note: Current effect: F(1, 215) = 5.6269, p = .01857. Note: Blue curve: Placebo; Red curve: Active treatment group. Values ±95% CI. Vertical bars denote 0.95 confidence intervals

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