Activity and safety of crizotinib in patients with ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancer: updated results from a phase 1 study
D Ross Camidge, Yung-Jue Bang, Eunice L Kwak, A John Iafrate, Marileila Varella-Garcia, Stephen B Fox, Gregory J Riely, Benjamin Solomon, Sai-Hong I Ou, Dong-Wan Kim, Ravi Salgia, Panagiotis Fidias, Jeffrey A Engelman, Leena Gandhi, Pasi A Jänne, Daniel B Costa, Geoffrey I Shapiro, Patricia Lorusso, Katherine Ruffner, Patricia Stephenson, Yiyun Tang, Keith Wilner, Jeffrey W Clark, Alice T Shaw, D Ross Camidge, Yung-Jue Bang, Eunice L Kwak, A John Iafrate, Marileila Varella-Garcia, Stephen B Fox, Gregory J Riely, Benjamin Solomon, Sai-Hong I Ou, Dong-Wan Kim, Ravi Salgia, Panagiotis Fidias, Jeffrey A Engelman, Leena Gandhi, Pasi A Jänne, Daniel B Costa, Geoffrey I Shapiro, Patricia Lorusso, Katherine Ruffner, Patricia Stephenson, Yiyun Tang, Keith Wilner, Jeffrey W Clark, Alice T Shaw
Abstract
Background: ALK fusion genes occur in a subset of non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). We assessed the tolerability and activity of crizotinib in patients with NSCLC who were prospectively identified to have an ALK fusion within the first-in-man phase 1 crizotinib study.
Methods: In this phase 1 study, patients with ALK-positive stage III or IV NSCLC received oral crizotinib 250 mg twice daily in 28-day cycles. Endpoints included tumour responses, duration of response, time to tumour response, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival at 6 and 12 months, and determination of the safety and tolerability and characterisation of the plasma pharmacokinetic profile of crizotinib after oral administration. Responses were analysed in evaluable patients and PFS and safety were analysed in all patients. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00585195.
Findings: Between Aug 27, 2008, and June 1, 2011, 149 ALK-positive patients were enrolled, 143 of whom were included in the response-evaluable population. 87 of 143 patients had an objective response (60·8%, 95% CI 52·3-68·9), including three complete responses and 84 partial responses. Median time to first documented objective response was 7·9 weeks (range 2·1-39·6) and median duration of response was 49·1 weeks (95% CI 39·3-75·4). The response rate seemed to be largely independent of age, sex, performance status, or line of treatment. Median PFS was 9·7 months (95% CI 7·7-12·8). Median overall survival data are not yet mature, but estimated overall survival at 6 and 12 months was 87·9% (95% CI 81·3-92·3) and 74·8% (66·4-81·5), respectively. 39 patients continued to receive crizotinib for more than 2 weeks after progression because of perceived ongoing clinical benefit from the drug (12 for at least 6 months from the time of their initial investigator-defined disease progression). Overall, 144 (97%) of 149 patients experienced treatment-related adverse events, which were mostly grade 1 or 2. The most common adverse events were visual effects, nausea, diarrhoea, constipation, vomiting, and peripheral oedema. The most common treatment-related grade 3 or 4 adverse events were neutropenia (n=9), raised alanine aminotransferase (n=6), hypophosphataemia (n=6), and lymphopenia (n=6).
Interpretation: Crizotinib is well tolerated with rapid, durable responses in patients with ALK-positive NSCLC. There seems to be potential for ongoing benefit after initial disease progression in this population, but a more formal definition of ongoing benefit in this context is needed.
Conflict of interest statement
Conflicts of interest
DRC, Y-JB, ELK, AJI, BS, S-HIO, D-WK, PAJ, DBC, PLR, and ATS received honoraria or consulting fees from Pfizer. ELK, GJR, BS, and JWC received research funding from Pfizer. AJI, MV-G, and GJR received honoraria or consulting fees from Abbott Molecular. GJR, LG, and ATS received honoraria or consulting fees from Chugai. GJR received research funding from Chugai, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, GlaxoSmithKline, Infinity Pharmaceuticals, and Merck; and honoraria or consulting fees from Daiichi and Tragara. GJR and ATS received honoraria or consulting fees from Novartis and Ariad and research funding from Novartis. PF received honoraria or consulting fees from Genentech. DBC received honoraria or consulting fees from AstraZeneca and Roche. KR, YT, and KW are employees and stockholders of Pfizer. ATS received research funding from AstraZeneca. SBF, RS, JAE, GIS, and PS declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Source: PubMed