Decision aids that really promote shared decision making: the pace quickens

Thomas Agoritsas, Anja Fog Heen, Linn Brandt, Pablo Alonso-Coello, Annette Kristiansen, Elie A Akl, Ignacio Neumann, Kari Ao Tikkinen, Trudy van der Weijden, Glyn Elwyn, Victor M Montori, Gordon H Guyatt, Per Olav Vandvik, Thomas Agoritsas, Anja Fog Heen, Linn Brandt, Pablo Alonso-Coello, Annette Kristiansen, Elie A Akl, Ignacio Neumann, Kari Ao Tikkinen, Trudy van der Weijden, Glyn Elwyn, Victor M Montori, Gordon H Guyatt, Per Olav Vandvik

Abstract

Decision aids can help shared decision making, but most have been hard to produce, onerous to update, and are not being used widely. Thomas Agoritsas and colleagues explore why and describe a new electronic model that holds promise of being more useful for clinicians and patients to use together at the point of care

Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: All authors have read and understood BMJ policy on declaration of interests and declare the following interests: TA, AFH, LB, AK, PAC, EAA, IN, KAOT, VMM, GHG, POV are members of the GRADE working group (www.gradeworkinggroup.org), as well as coinvestigators in the DECIDE project (www.decide-collaboration.eu). TA, AFH, LB, AK, GHG, POV are members of the MAGIC research and innovation program. GE leads the Option Grid collaborative. VMM designs and tests shared decision making tools at the KER UNIT in Mayo Clinic. These tools are then made available for free with no income generated for him, his unit, or his institution.

Provenance and peer review: Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

Figures

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/4784581/bin/agot023361.f1_default.jpg
Fig 1 Outline of the methods and user-centred approach in the SHARE-IT project. Objective A=to develop a framework for the generic translation of GRADE evidence summaries into decision aids; Objective B=to design a set of interactive presentation formats for use in the clinical encounter; Objective C=to test the feasibility of an automated production of these decision aids from electronically published evidence summaries. Subsequent phases of the project involve the generic production of decision aids from real practice guidelines and their evaluation in randomised trials and cohort studies

References

    1. Barry MJ, Edgman-Levitan S. Shared decision making--pinnacle of patient-centered care. N Engl J Med 2012;366:780-1.
    1. Djulbegovic B, Guyatt GH. Evidence-based practice is not synonymous with delivery of uniform health care. JAMA 2014;312:1293-4.
    1. Stiggelbout AM, Van der Weijden T, De Wit MP, Frosch D, Legare F, Montori VM, et al. Shared decision making: really putting patients at the centre of healthcare. BMJ 2012;344:e256.
    1. Elwyn G, Lloyd A, May C, van der Weijden T, Stiggelbout A, Edwards A, et al. Collaborative deliberation: a model for patient care. Patient Educ Counsel 2014;97:158-64.
    1. Legare F, Ratte S, Stacey D, Kryworuchko J, Gravel K, Graham ID, et al. Interventions for improving the adoption of shared decision making by healthcare professionals. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010;5:CD006732.
    1. Greenhalgh T, Howick J, Maskrey N. Evidence based medicine: a movement in crisis? BMJ 2014;348:g3725.
    1. Vandvik PO, Brandt L, Alonso-Coello P, Treweek S, Akl EA, Kristiansen A, et al. Creating clinical practice guidelines we can trust, use, and share: a new era is imminent. Chest 2013;144:381-9.
    1. Boivin A, Currie K, Fervers B, Gracia J, James M, Marshall C, et al. Patient and public involvement in clinical guidelines: international experiences and future perspectives. Qual Safe Health Care 2010;19:e22.
    1. Montori VM, Breslin M, Maleska M, Weymiller AJ. Creating a conversation: insights from the development of a decision aid. PLoS Med 2007;4:e233.
    1. Elwyn G, Frosch D, Volandes AE, Edwards A, Montori VM. Investing in deliberation: a definition and classification of decision support interventions for people facing difficult health decisions. Med Decis Making 2010;30:701-11.
    1. Dwamena F, Holmes-Rovner M, Gaulden CM, Jorgenson S, Sadigh G, Sikorskii A, et al. Interventions for providers to promote a patient-centred approach in clinical consultations. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012;12:CD003267.
    1. Hoffmann TC, Legare F, Simmons MB, McNamara K, McCaffery K, Trevena LJ, et al. Shared decision making: what do clinicians need to know and why should they bother? Med J Aust 2014;201:35-9.
    1. Elwyn G, Legare F, van der Weijden T, Edwards A, May C. Arduous implementation: does the Normalisation Process Model explain why it’s so difficult to embed decision support technologies for patients in routine clinical practice. Implement Sci 2008;3:57.
    1. Cox K, Britten N, Hooper R, White P. Patients’ involvement in decisions about medicines: GPs’ perceptions of their preferences. Br J Gen Pract 2007;57:777-84.
    1. Stacey D, Legare F, Col NF, Bennett CL, Barry MJ, Eden KB, et al. Decision aids for people facing health treatment or screening decisions. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014;1:CD001431.
    1. Patient Decision Aids Inventory. Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and University of Ottawa. .
    1. Walsh T, Barr PJ, Thompson R, Ozanne E, O’Neill C, Elwyn G. Undetermined impact of patient decision support interventions on healthcare costs and savings: systematic review. BMJ 2014;348:g188.
    1. Hargraves I, Montori VM. Decision aids, empowerment, and shared decision making. BMJ 2014;349:g5811.
    1. Perneger TV, Agoritsas T. Doctors and patients’ susceptibility to framing bias: a randomized trial. J Gen Intern Med 2011;26:1411-7.
    1. Montori VM, LeBlanc A, Buchholz A, Stilwell DL, Tsapas A. Basing information on comprehensive, critically appraised, and up-to-date syntheses of the scientific evidence: a quality dimension of the international patient decision aid standards. BMC Med Inform Decis Making 2013;13 Suppl 2:S5.
    1. Hoffmann TC, Montori VM, Del Mar C. The connection between evidence-based medicine and shared decision making. JAMA 2014;312:1295-6.
    1. Van der Weijden T, Boivin A, Burgers J, Schunemann HJ, Elwyn G. Clinical practice guidelines and patient decision aids. An inevitable relationship. J Clin Epidemiol 2012;65:584-9.
    1. Breslin M, Mullan RJ, Montori VM. The design of a decision aid about diabetes medications for use during the consultation with patients with type 2 diabetes. Patient Educ Counsel 2008;73:465-72.
    1. Llewellyn-Thomas HA, Crump RT. Decision support for patients: values clarification and preference elicitation. Med Care Res Rev 2013;70(1 suppl):50-79S.
    1. Coylewright M, Branda M, Inselman JW, Shah N, Hess E, LeBlanc A, et al. Impact of sociodemographic patient characteristics on the efficacy of decision aids: a patient-level meta-analysis of 7 randomized trials. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2014;7:360-7.
    1. Wyatt KD, Branda ME, Anderson RT, Pencille LJ, Montori VM, Hess EP, et al. Peering into the black box: a meta-analysis of how clinicians use decision aids during clinical encounters. Implement Sci 2014;9:26.
    1. Lloyd A, Joseph-Williams N, Edwards A, Rix A, Elwyn G. Patchy ‘coherence’: using normalization process theory to evaluate a multi-faceted shared decision making implementation program (MAGIC). Implement Sci 2013;8:102.
    1. Giguere A, Labrecque M, Haynes R, Grad R, Pluye P, Legare F, et al. Evidence summaries (decision boxes) to prepare clinicians for shared decision-making with patients: a mixed methods implementation study. Implement Sci 2014;9:144.
    1. Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Vist GE, Kunz R, Falck-Ytter Y, Alonso-Coello P, et al. GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ 2008;336:924-6.
    1. Guyatt G, Oxman AD, Akl EA, Kunz R, Vist G, Brozek J, et al. GRADE guidelines: 1. Introduction-GRADE evidence profiles and summary of findings tables. J Clin Epidemiol 2011;64:383-94.
    1. Kristiansen A, Brandt L, Alonso-Coello P, Agoritsas T, Akl EA, Conboy T, et al. Development of a novel multilayered presentation format for clinical practice guidelines. Chest 2014. Oct 9 [Epub ahead of print].
    1. Kristiansen A, Brandt L, Agoritsas T, Akl EA, Berge E, Bondi J, et al. Adaptation of trustworthy guidelines developed using the GRADE methodology: a novel 5-step process. Chest 2014;146:727-34.
    1. Kristiansen A, Brandt L, Agoritsas T, Akl EA, Berge E, Jacobsen AF, et al. Applying new strategies for the national adaptation, updating and dissemination of trustworthy guidelines: results from the Norwegian adaptation of the American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based guidelines on antithrombotic therapy and the prevention of thrombosis, 9th wdition. Chest 2014;146:735-61.
    1. Treweek S, Oxman AD, Alderson P, Bossuyt PM, Brandt L, Brozek J, et al. Developing and evaluating communication strategies to support informed decisions and practice based on evidence (DECIDE): protocol and preliminary results. Implement Sci 2013;8:6.
    1. Edwards A, Elwyn G, Hood K, Robling M, Atwell C, Holmes-Rovner M, et al. The development of COMRADE—a patient-based outcome measure to evaluate the effectiveness of risk communication and treatment decision making in consultations. Patient Educ Counsel 2003;50:311-22.
    1. Uhlig K, Leff B, Kent D, Dy S, Brunnhuber K, Burgers JS, et al. A framework for crafting clinical practice guidelines that are relevant to the care and management of people with multimorbidity. J Gen Intern Med 2014;29:670-9.

Source: PubMed

3
Tilaa