Association of serum phytoestrogen concentration and dietary habits in a sample set of the JACC Study

Kotaro Ozasa, Masahiro Nakao, Yoshiyuki Watanabe, Kyohei Hayashi, Tsuneharu Miki, Kazuya Mikami, Mitsuru Mori, Fumio Sakauchi, Masakazu Washio, Yoshinori Ito, Koji Suzuki, Tatsuhiko Kubo, Kenji Wakai, Akiko Tamakoshi, JACC Study Group, Kotaro Ozasa, Masahiro Nakao, Yoshiyuki Watanabe, Kyohei Hayashi, Tsuneharu Miki, Kazuya Mikami, Mitsuru Mori, Fumio Sakauchi, Masakazu Washio, Yoshinori Ito, Koji Suzuki, Tatsuhiko Kubo, Kenji Wakai, Akiko Tamakoshi, JACC Study Group

Abstract

Background: Phytoestrogens may be associated with a reduced risk of hormone dependent neoplasms such as prostate and breast cancers. We tried to determine the validity of the association between serum phytoestrogen concentrations and dietary habits obtained from a food frequency questionnaire used in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC Study) for Evaluation of Cancer Risk sponsored by the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture of Japan (Monbusho).

Methods: The subjects were 151 male controls who were selected for a nested case-control study for evaluating prostate cancer risk as part of the JACC Study. Dietary habits were determined using a food frequency questionnaire at baseline, and the concentrations of genistein, daidzein, and equol in frozenstored serum samples assayed in 2002 were compared.

Results: Tofu intake showed a significant association with the serum concentrations of genistein and daidzein (Spearman's correlation coefficients (rs)=0.30 and 0.27, respectively), and miso soup showed a slight association with serum concentrations of these phytoestrogens. In contrast, serum concentrations of equol were not associated with dietary intake of tofu and miso soup. After adjustment for serum daidzein concentration, serum equol concentration was associated with the intake of foods containing fat, meat, and coffee, but not green tea.

Conclusions: Serum genistein and daidzein concentrations were significantly associated with dietary intake of tofu, and slightly with intake of miso soup. Consumption of fat, meat, and coffee may be associated with equol production by intestinal microflora in this sample set.

Figures

Figure 1.. Association of food intake and…
Figure 1.. Association of food intake and serum phytoestrogen concentration.
Bold lines show the geometric means of each category of food intake. Thin lines show the mean ± SD of log-transformed data.
Figure 2.. Correlation between serum daidzein and…
Figure 2.. Correlation between serum daidzein and genistein concentrations.
Figure 3.. Correlation between serum daidzein and…
Figure 3.. Correlation between serum daidzein and equol concentrations among equol-producers.

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Source: PubMed

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