Treatment of diabetic kidney disease: current and future targets

Mi-Kyung Kim, Mi-Kyung Kim

Abstract

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease in Korea and worldwide, and is a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular complications. The conventional treatments for DKD are control of blood glucose and blood pressure levels by inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system. However, the prevalence of DKD continues to increase and additional therapies are required to prevent or ameliorate the condition. Many drugs have been, or are being, developed to target the molecular mechanisms in play in DKD. This review focuses on DVD treatment, considering current and emerging therapeutic targets and the clinical trial-based evidence.

Keywords: Diabetes; Kidney; Therapeutics.

Conflict of interest statement

No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Current and emerging treatments for diabetic kidney disease. DPP-4, dipeptidyl peptidase-4; SGLT2, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2; NOX, NADPH oxidase; PKC, protein kinase C; AGE, advanced glycation endproduct; RAGE, receptor for advanced glycation endproduct; ACE-I, angiotensin converting enzyme-inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; Nrf2, nuclear factor-like 2; NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells; JAK/STAT, Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator transcription factor; CCR, C-C chemokine receptor; TGF-β, transforming growth factor β; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; MCP-1, monocyte chemotactic protein 1; ECM, extracellular matrix.

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