Optimizing an Obesity Treatment Using the Multiphase Optimization Strategy Framework: Protocol for a Randomized Factorial Trial

Gary G Bennett, Dori Steinberg, Jamiyla Bolton, John A Gallis, Cayla Treadway, Sandy Askew, Melissa C Kay, Kathryn I Pollak, Elizabeth L Turner, Gary G Bennett, Dori Steinberg, Jamiyla Bolton, John A Gallis, Cayla Treadway, Sandy Askew, Melissa C Kay, Kathryn I Pollak, Elizabeth L Turner

Abstract

Background: Effective weight loss interventions exist, yet few can be scaled up for wide dissemination. Further, none has been fully delivered via text message. We used the multiphase optimization strategy (MOST) to develop multicomponent interventions that consist only of active components, those that have been experimentally determined to impact the chosen outcome.

Objective: The goal of this study is to optimize a standalone text messaging obesity intervention, Charge, using the MOST framework to experimentally determine which text messaging components produce a meaningful contribution to weight change at 6 months.

Methods: We designed a 6-month, weight loss texting intervention based on our interactive obesity treatment approach (iOTA). Participants are randomized to one of 32 experimental conditions to test which standalone text messaging intervention components produce a meaningful contribution to weight change at 6 months.

Results: The project was funded in February 2017; enrollment began in January 2018 and data collection was completed in June 2019. Data analysis is in progress and first results are expected to be submitted for publication in 2021.

Conclusions: Full factorial trials are particularly efficient in terms of cost and logistics when leveraged for standalone digital treatments. Accordingly, MOST has the potential to promote the rapid advancement of digital health treatments. Subject to positive findings, the intervention will be low cost, immediately scalable, and ready for dissemination. This will be of great potential use to the millions of Americans with obesity and the providers who treat them.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03254940; https://ichgcp.net/clinical-trials-registry/NCT03254940.

International registered report identifier (irrid): RR1-10.2196/19506.

Keywords: digital health; personalized; text message; weight loss.

Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest: GGB holds equity in Coeus Health and serves on the scientific advisory board of WW (formerly Weight Watchers). DS serves on the clinical advisory board of Omada Health. These organizations had no role in the study design, data collection, data analysis, interpretation of data, writing of the report, or the decision to submit the article for publication.

©Gary G Bennett, Dori Steinberg, Jamiyla Bolton, John A Gallis, Cayla Treadway, Sandy Askew, Melissa C Kay, Kathryn I Pollak, Elizabeth L Turner. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (http://www.researchprotocols.org), 18.01.2021.

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